Essays on Criminal Justice System

Domestic violence variously referred to as intimate partner violence, gender based violence or spouse abuse is a term by a largely used to refer to violence that one visits upon persons who are close to them. Such persons may include their spouses, children, in-laws or other close relations. Domestic violence is increasingly becoming an issue of national concern and the criminal justice system has sought various ways to stem the tide. The fundamental question that must be asked is whether the measures adopted by the criminal justice system are effective in resolving the sensitive and relatively emotive matter of Continue reading...

Criminal Trials in Drug Courts in Europe

Introduction
According to Langbein, the modern European Trial is an investigation into the truth, but not a stage battle of partisans committed to distortion. This is true with regards to prosecution and rehabilitation of drug offender that is now revamped in European countries. The criminal justice system is critical in the formation of any civilized society; it is required that the criminal justice system should be robust and in a position to protect the interests and rights of the various groups within the society. It comprises of three distinct elements; these are the law enforcement officers, the courts, and Continue reading...

Describe how the three branches of criminal justice operate as a cohesive system by analyzing their collaboration and communication practices.

The American criminal justice system has three branches, each of which has its own role to play in the criminal justice system as a whole (Gerstenfeld, 2006). Without each branch of the criminal justice system working properly, the criminal justice system would fall apart—each part of the system plays its role, while simultaneously giving power and legitimacy to the other branches of the system (Gerstenfeld, 2006). To function properly, however, each branch must be able to collaborate with the other branches and ensure agreement.
The first line of defense in the criminal justice system is law enforcement (Gerstenfeld, Continue reading...

The United States Justice System

The United States Criminal Justice system comprises of processes, agencies set up by the government to promote the prevention, and control of crime in addition to providing correctional measures against those found violating the laws. The history of criminal justice systems in the United States can be traced to the American Colonial whereby philosophical and religious concepts influenced the criminal justice system. The US criminal justice system is structured in such a manner that it is strictly concerned with issues associated with the violation of criminal laws and when, interpreted, the US Continue reading...

Abstract

Crime is as old as mankind and as such, there were various justice systems which were established by various communities to bring those who erred to book. There is documented evidence which shows that the Egyptians and the Greek had a well established justice system to punish those who committed crime. This was with the view of minimizing or totally eliminating crime. However, even with these measures it was not possible to eliminate crime. On the contrary with the current technological advances there has been emergence of a more sophisticated clique of criminals. The criminal justice Continue reading...

Crime and the Criminal Justice System

According to our criminal justice system, people are innocent of any crimes they are accused of until proven guilty. The criminal justice system is a system that comprises of agencies at federal, local and state level. In order to fully comprehend the criminal justice system, it is important to understand what crime is, the different aspects of crime and how crime relates to the criminal justice system.

What Is Crime?

Crime can be defined as an injustice or offence against society declared by the law and punishable by society, depending on the circumstances it was committed under. (Clarkson, Miller, Jentz & Cross, 1995) Continue reading...

In a society, the weaker group would always demand that special treatment be accorded to them. This approach has always favoured an adoption of affirmative actions for the weaker persons in society. Women, if compared to men have been the weaker sex. History reveals a record of marginalization and mistreatment of women across societies. In fact, jurisdictions like Saudi Arabia in the Middle East are yet to grant women full rights and freedoms. However, this does not mean that women have always been the victims in every situation. Indeed, many situations exist that cast women as the villains in Continue reading...

- Racial discrimination in sentencing, incarceration and policing of black as opposed to white

Criminal Justice Policies and Black Incarceration

- Influence of criminal justice policies in incarceration patterns
- Drug policy and incarceration pattern of the black as opposed to white
- Influence of social inequality on rate of criminality

Policing, Arrest and Conviction Patterns

- Policing, arrest, and conviction patterns of black, white, and Hispanic tend to differ in various states
- Criminal penalties for crack and powder cocaine offenses indicates the disproportional effects criminal justice system on black and Latino
IV) Conclusion
- The mass incarceration of black as opposed to other ethnic groups in United States Continue reading...

Plea Bargaining in American Society

Introduction
Plea bargaining plays a very significant role in the American criminal justice system. It is estimated that approximately 90% of all criminal cases are settled by plea bargain rather than trial by a jury as guaranteed by the Sixth Amendment to the United State Constitution. Throughout this paper, I will discuss what a plea bargain is, benefits of plea bargains, disadvantages of plea bargains, the role of the victim in the plea bargaining process, and recent developments in plea bargaining.

What is Plea Bargaining?

In the American court system, a plea bargain is an agreement between the prosecutor and the defendant in Continue reading...

Introduction

Issues associated with people suffering from mental illness poses significant challenge for policy making. This can be described by the factors that contribute to the challenge that the criminal justice system is facing in relation to incrimination of the mentally ill. Local and state criminal justice system does not have a reliable policy in dealing with cases that involves the mentally challenged. For example, Virginia’s criminal justice system lacks the resources and expertise in dealing with encountered mentally ill. In addition, the mental healthcare system does not have the resources and guiding policies in addressing similar issues (Virginia Continue reading...

Introduction

Leadership plays a critical role in influencing the achievement of any organization’s objectives. There is no one way or criteria of determining an effective leadership system. This is because many systems of leadership exist and these systems work differently but in the long run, they still manage to facilitate the realization of goal and objectives. However, there are some styles that are often preferred to others. Depending on the direction of the organization, leadership can employ or adopt the most appropriate style to drive it towards accomplishing its motive or objective. Even with the criticism being advanced towards Continue reading...

The State of African Americans in the American Criminal Justice System

A nation’s justice system is more often than not the only body that ordinary, and sometimes, powerless citizens could rely on in times of political, civil, and criminal conflicts. For centuries, justice systems from all over the world have been established in an effort to maintain equality among the masses and prevent civil unrest. The criminal justice system may also be considered as a vital extension of a law enforcement system . This is mainly because most, if not all, processes involved in a criminal justice system are necessary for law enforcement and law enforcement-based penalties to be enforced.

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H.R. 1412, the Justice and Integrity Act of 2009

H.R. 1412, the Justice and Integrity Act of 2009
A Report from Rep. Steve Cohen (d-tenn.), Discussing Racial Disparities in the Criminal Justice System That He Can Use To Move This Bill Forward in Congress

Introduction

According to Research Advocacy for Reform (2013), male Americans of black descent are six times more likely to be imprisoned than white males. Additionally, they are 2.5 times more likely to be incarcerated that Hispanics. If this trend continues, it is clear that every black American born today should expect to go to prison during Continue reading...

Research on Five Different Career Opportunities

As opposed to the normal mind setting that when a person graduated from college earning a degree Criminal Justice would eventually end up in government law enforcement agencies, there are in fact other opportunities available for them to utilize their hard earn degree. There are several career opportunities that are employing within the Criminal Justice System, private companies, counseling agencies, private investigations agencies, retailers, financial institutions and security agencies. The options are limitless, it’s just that a specific specialization has to emphasize to specifically point out the main function required in the career opportunity.
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Abstract

The main purpose of this paper was to argue for the use of intermediate sanctions compared to prison sentences. The paper highlighted the potential benefits of using intermediate sanctions as a replacement for prison sentencing. It was established that intermediate sanctions are cost effective, ensure offender rehabilitation, reinforces public safety and serves to address the problems associated with the prison sentencing such as overcrowding and recidivism rates. The paper also discussed the nine types of intermediate sanctions used in the United States including Intensive Supervision Programs, Fines, Community Service, Day Reporting Centers, Remote location monitoring, Residential Community Centers, Boot Continue reading...

Criminal justice is a topic in criminal law. It refers to a system of methods of the government that ensure there is peace and order in the country (Langeluttig 58). Those that go against the law receive penalties and other forms of punishment. The main aim of criminal justice is to enforce principles of behavior that are essential in protecting individuals and the community at large from exploitation. The criminal justice system comprises of three sections (Langeluttig 59). The police enforce the law in the country while the courts deal with pronouncing judgment on the accused. The last section Continue reading...

Introduction

Crime is a problem that persists in every society in spite of the advancements that the society has made socially and economically. The problem of crime is a reason for major concerns for both individuals and governments. For instance a survey carried out in 2008 in the United States of America showed that 50% of the respondents were at one time or another worried that burglars would attack their homes or their cars would be vandalized by criminals. They were also worried that the crime rates in the nation had gone up considerably over the past one Continue reading...

I. Introduction
Comparing the criminal justice system of two or more countries can lead to valuable insight of your home nation as well as the nation(s) used in comparison. This short paper looks at the similarities and differences between the criminal justice systems of France and the United States. The hope is that it will provide a deeper understanding of how civil and common law systems approach the investigation and adjudication of crime.
II. Court Structure
No criminal justice system could exist without courts. Courts are the main institution involved in the legal settlement of criminal disputes. While Continue reading...

in the Criminal Justice System and Application of

Political Leadership Skills of Heifetz & Linsky

in the Criminal Justice System and Application of
Political Leadership Skills of Heifetz & Linsky
In Leadership on the Line, Heifetz and Linsky discuss the role of politics in the ability of leaders to effectively lead (2002, p. 75). A full chapter is devoted to how a leader should think politically in order to survive the dangers of leading. Among the political skills suggested are identify an ally, keep an eye on the opposition, be willing to admit your part in the issue, recognize the loss of those who have to change, Continue reading...

Fast D. and Conry, J. (2009). Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders and the Criminal Justice System.

Developmental Disabilities Research Review 15: 250 – 257.

This paper examines the relationship between the long-life nervous syndrome that is found in people with Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders (FASDs) and their participation in the criminal justice system. According to the article, the FASDs are caused by exposure to alcohol during the prenatal stage. The article provides some of the disabilities associated with people having the FASDs to include poor judgment, learning disabilities, and social ineptness. The authors argue that the foregoing disabilities make people predisposed to unfair treatment and increased involvement in Continue reading...

Criminal justice research project

Overview
The respect and application of the rule of law is the integral function of the criminal justice system. Criminal justice system can be termed as collective institutions of implementing justice through upholding the constitution. Such institutions aid in mitigating and preventing crime, in the line of maintaining integrity, transparency and coexistence of the society. What is more, criminal justice institutions incorporate powerful structures, which propagate quality implementation of criminal justice. Similarly, criminal justice system is a process that entails arresting, investigating, prosecuting and imprisonment of criminals who violate the rule of law. AS a result, criminal justice system Continue reading...

Introduction

Domestic abuse an issue which has been on the rise in the society; the most affected are women and the girl child. This has not well addressed well because a majority of the women prefer keeping this issues to themselves. They are suffering in silence it is the high time for the state to be responsible and protect women that are victims of violence. As victims, battered women often have a high fear of retaliation from their perpetrators and as much as 50% of all women who are victims say that they fear that they will be subject to Continue reading...

Jeffrey Reiman published his book, The Rich Get Richer and the Poor Get Prison: Ideology, Class and Criminal Justice, in 2003. Jeffrey Reiman has written this book as if it is a text book for students studying Criminology, citing numerous sources and taking a teaching approach. From the very first chapter, it becomes obvious that Reiman has written this book to educate. It seems as though Reiman gained a deeper insight into the American culture, at the roots, and this prompted him to share the information with the public. In the first chapter of the book, Reiman emphasizes on Continue reading...

Introduction

Islamic criminal justice system is unique compared to other criminal justice systems of the world, for example, the British criminal justice system or even the American criminal justice systems. Whereas the essence of penology in an American justice system would be aimed at imposing stiff punishment to heavy or complex crimes, Islamic criminal justice system is aimed at imposing the stiffest penalty to simple crimes so that more complex crimes are not committed in future. The penalty is thus deterrent in a special way. Furthermore, this justice system practiced by Muslims is ordained by God, implemented by the Prophet Continue reading...

Abstract

Crime is a common occurrence in the society. As different people with different ideas and views about life live together in the same setting, they are bound to get into conflicts. The criminal justice system is responsible for handling such cases and ensuring that the rule of law is upheld. It consists of different structures such as the police, whose work is to maintain law and order, the prosecutors, courts and correctional institutions. As the way of life and the world in general changes, crime becomes more rampant and diverse. Criminals are designing new ways of committing their acts Continue reading...

Discussing Racism in the American Criminal Justice System

ASTRACT
Racism is a serious issue that is deeply imbedded in the American Criminal Justice System. In fact, unfortunately, that racism has existed and almost as long as the United States has been its own country. The presence of that racism is heavily and perpetually debated. Today we see questionable racial attitudes of law enforcement, racially motivated, policies, and disparities in criminal sentencing has only bolstered the arguments. From highly publicized cases, like Trayvon Martin in Florida and Michael Brown in Ferguson, Missouri, as well as, the strict new laws, founded on racism, in the state of Arizona. That Continue reading...

Abstract

This paper will discuss the issue of plea-bargaining in our criminal justice system. It will reflect on the angle of plea-bargaining if it provides a fair and necessary form to service justice in today criminal justice system. This paper will reflect over both advantages and disadvantages with plea –bargaining. It will also reflect over articles related to plea-bargaining. It will reflect over those cases that have victims suffer suffering and plea bargaining. It will explain how the other elements that affected the criminal justice come into play with plea bargaining. It will give a history, importance and explain the Continue reading...

Barstow is an average-sized municipality situated in the state of California and has seven constituent districts. As per the year 2010 United States census the population of Barstow stood at 22,639. Consequently, the population density was 546.9 people for every square mile. As per the residents, the makeup of Barstow includes a considerably mixed raced people who include the whites, the African Americans, Asians, Native Americans as well as the Hispanics. Around 98 percent of the residents live in family units while some live in non-institutionalized group squatters and some in institutionalized systems. The San Bernardino High Desert Continue reading...

Introduction

Globalization has brought with it changes in almost all spheres of life and especially in the criminal justice system. The criminal justice system consists of the law enforcement agency, the courts as well as the corrections department. In essence, the main purport of the criminal justice system is the administration of criminal justice. Owing to globalization, the system is finding it increasingly challenging due to emerging forms of crime on both the international, transnational as well as the domestic front. Further challenges include those of tackling these new forms of crime and the issues of international cooperation with other Continue reading...

The Criminal Justice System is made up of series of parts with distinctive goals. It is a form of social control which seeks to ensure that the particular criminal law of the land is followed. The criminal justice system comprises three main components mainly; the law enforcement, the courts and the corrections units. All these components need to work in co-ordination but also independently without usurping the function of another. At the initial stage of the criminal trial process does the law enforcement unit come in. the law enforcement is charged with the arrest of the offenders, conduct of Continue reading...

Conducting Research and Evaluating Sources

Conducting Research
The criminal justice system represents the legal courts, the jail and jail program, and the program within a society by which charged people are tried for legal offenses and penalized. There are numerous components of the legal rights program, from the police who investigate legal offenses to the attorneys who take legal action against cases and the most judges who preside over the legal courts.
Percentage of illegal activities and recidivism has long provided as critical measures for the performance of the Country's criminal justice system (John Dilulio, Jr. et. al, 1993). More and more crimes are Continue reading...

The criminal justice system is seen to discriminate against certain individuals on the basis of race or gender. In response to this, it has implemented various measures to try and rectify the concerns of the public. Two such measures are jury nullification and the employment of a culturally diverse police force.
Throughout the country, police force organizations recruit minorities in order to ensure their workforces are diverse. Such diversity within the police serves to gain trust from minorities in the public. For example, an African-American officer may be called to an emergency that has occurred in an African-American area ( Continue reading...

Introduction

Legislature is a form of government wing that is responsible in making laws. Often the legislature is composed of the congress and the president who ratifies any amendment proposal before becoming a law. The criminal justice system of the United States helps in governing peoples’ rights by maintaining law and order in the country. If any parties are responsible in going against the laws of a given country then one is considered a criminal or violator of the law (Faulkner, 2008, p.109). Thus the criminal justice system is made up of various components which work hand in hand to Continue reading...

Introduction

Juvenile court system is a parallel criminal system provided for juvenile delinquents. Criminal justice system realized that juvenile offenders have special needs as compared to adult criminals in that they are young, and have great future to pursue; therefore, the main objective of the juvenile justice system is to rehabilitate them. The United Nations International Children’s Emergency Fund (UNICEF) asserts that, the objective of the juvenile justice system is to “encourage a process of behavioral change by helping the child or young person to feel accountable for his or her actions and understand their impact on others, Continue reading...

Solution

Definition of crime and its relationship to the law
According to the oxford dictionary, a crime is defined as “an action or omission that constitutes an offense that may be prosecuted by the state and is punishable by law.” In actual sense, crime can be termed as any action committed against morality or public welfare. It may be legal or illegal. When considered illegal the crime is the cause for the committed evil or injury. In the legal crime context, the consequences of the crime are not in direct connection with the agent but other parties.
There is a Continue reading...

Abstract

Domestic violence refers to violence initiated by a family member on another. In Queensland, domestic violence presents a societal problem with historical leanings. Indeed, since time immemorial, violence has been visited upon the weaker partners in the family. In Queensland the most affected groups are the women, children, special relationships such as gays, lesbians, and transgender partners. Statistics demonstrate that historically, violence has been perpetrated mainly by the men. The main inspiration is often the need to maintain power balance within the family setup. Violence could take physical, non-physical or both forms. Physical violence includes bodily and sexual assault Continue reading...

1). It can be argued that police officers and other law enforcement officials have one of the most difficult jobs in the United States. The answer to whether police officers should have the same due process as a citizen is quite simple. The U.S. constitution guarantees rights, including the right to due process, for each and every citizen of the United States, and law enforcement officials are also ultimately the citizens of the country. It is often argued that law enforcement officials should not possess rights greater than those possessed by other citizens. However, this also means that their Continue reading...

Debatably, the police force is the most conspicuous aspect of the criminal justice system. Concerned with direct enforcement of the law, the police force has the powers to investigate and conduct a lawful arrest. Within the police department are many other sections such as the traffic police, crime scene investigators et cetera. All these sections play roles within the whole system. The government provides the police with such facilities as vehicles and CCTV cameras to make the enforcement of the law more effective (Neubauer 111). Still, the police force is said to be the most corrupt institution in any Continue reading...

Introduction

Criminal justice system is a classification of laws and institutions directed to safeguard citizens and their property by perpetuating social control, preventing and alleviating crime. It verifies whether an action is an offence or not to the community. In Australia, everyone is presumed to be innocent until proven guilty by the law. As such, the law sanctions lawbreakers with criminal penalties and rehabilitation efforts. The fundamental advantage criminal system of justice is that the accused cannot prove their state of innocence and it is the sole purpose of the state, via the prosecutor to determine the guilt (Daly, Israel, & Continue reading...

- Discuss the environment of the criminal justice system.
The criminal justice system refers to the external surroundings that affect the system. The environment keeps changing and the criminal justice system needs to change in order to adapt to the external changes. The factors of the environment that affect the criminal justice system include political conditions, ecological conditions, demographic conditions, technological changes and the law.
- Discuss an organization's response to its environment
Organization responds to the changes in the environment through changing its policies, mission, practices and procedures to enable it deliver expected services to the community.
- Continue reading...