Essays on Forensic

Benford's law also known as the first-digit law deals with the distribution of natural numbers in which it tends to major into their importance regarding significance. The law states that given any arrangement of natural numbers, the smallest number always seems to be the most significant while the largest number in the collection is always the least significant. Therefore, number 1 appears to be the most significant in any given combination of natural numbers 30% of the times. While on the other hand, number 9 appears only 5% of the times as the most significant number. The law states ...

Introduction

In May 2012, English couple Mick and Mairead Philpott made the headlines for surviving a fire that killed their six children and destroyed their house in the Allenton area (BBC News, 2013). After publicly claiming to be lucky for surviving the fire, the Philpotts won the sympathy of people who felt sorry for them for losing six of their children and most of their properties. However, after a month of investigation, the Philpotts were accused of committing arson and murder, and by 2013, they were convicted of manslaughter for deliberately starting a fire that killed all six of their ...

Chromatography is a laboratory method or technique to separate various compounds such as inorganic or organic substances for further analysis, evaluation or testing (Chavan et al. 283). It is an important tool since it could be used in numerous fields of sciences. It provides a way for analyzing mixtures or solvents which could not be easily separated through physical methods. It is also an important method due to its simplicity. One of the most important applications of chromatography is its use in forensic science or other types of investigation. This method is often used in analyzing substances which are ...

Introduction

Maeder, et al. (2016) defined “CSI effect” as the unreasonable expectations of jurors on the sophistication of forensic science as a consequence of learning about it through television programs, such as the CSI (Crime Scene Investigation), resulting in fewer convictions in the absence of sophisticated forensic evidence against the accused. Lobo and Schnobrich-Davis (2015) referred to this as the “Tech effect”, which essentially extends the definition into the advances in information dissemination technology and beyond ‘crime scene television shows’.

Article Summary

Research questions: The Lobo and Schnobrich-Davis (2015) study was guided by three research questions: (1) Does the CSI effect (as ...

It was on a cold January night when the local police were informed of a suspicious activity reported by the neighbors in a locality. An old woman possibly living all by herself had not been seen or heard of since several days, whereas the locals had reported her of being very active and outdoorsy. Yet since two days, she had not been seen outside her home, and when a neighbor visited her, he returned back without an answer even though he waited for several minutes. They tried her number, but she would not answer as well. The police were ...

Introduction

Conducting a successful criminal investigation begins with the ability to carry out an efficient preliminary investigation; from which the major case and criminal investigation are built (Four, Five, & Six, 2015). The effectiveness of an investigation depends on the attitude of the investigating officer, and the guiding principles followed. It is important for officers to select appropriate groundwork procedures that will lead to definitive evidence collection as well as subsequent crime investigation. Most cases are different; therefore, there is no standardized routine for conductive investigations. However, officers should be flexible, creative, and open-minded when following the basic guidelines for conducting ...

Raman spectroscopy is dependent on scattering of light. When light interacts with matter, energy exchange can take place through absorption, simulated emission, Raman scattering or spontaneous emission. In Raman scattering, the emitted photons have less energy and lower frequency in comparison with the absorbed photons. Some energy of the emitted photons is transferred to the molecules. Raman spectroscopy is a method which collects the chemical fingerprints associated with molecules. Every molecule has different levels of vibrational energy and the emitted photons experience shift in their wavelengths. The wavelength shifts are collected,examined and analyzed for sample identification. Raman spectroscopy ...

The fingerprint processing and the DNA processing can be done simultaneously. In fact, the fingerprint collection is beneficial for the processing of DNA evidence, but there is one way that the fingerprint processing can actually impact the collection of DNA evidence, and that is through contamination of DNA due to the fingerprint reagents. According to different researches different samples of blood, fingerprints have been analyzed, and all the possible fingerprint reagents are ranging from Cyanoacrylate to fingerprinting powders to Ninhydrin to reach the profile evidence of DNA of the blood were tested to check how the fingerprint reagents can ...

The prevalence of teen suicide is a growing concern in the healthcare industry, as it is ranked as the 2nd highest cause of death among the teenagers (Jason Foundation, 2016). Generally, the suicide rates in the United States continue to raise concern, as it is ranked tenth cause of death in the country. While the incidences of suicide had significantly decreased in the ‘90’s, this trend has now reverted, as there is an increase in suicide deaths. AFSP (2016) argues that statistics indicating the prevalence and incidences of suicide in the United States could be an underrepresentation, as ...

Cases of inappropriately handled evidence are of common occurrence. The custodians of evidence in law enforcement agencies are often to blame for the mishandling, misplacing, loss, and destruction of evidence. Sometimes, the custodians do not take the appropriate care of their property rooms. Consequently, problems arise from the lack of accountability for evidence from the initial process of evidence collection through to the documentation process. Hence, it is crucial to document as many details as possible to avoid scrutiny of evidence during the trial process.

Evidence Collection

Collecting evidence in a systematic and careful sequence is crucial. The initial step in ...

Forensic evidence and probabilistic reasoning has recently become a significant aspect of criminal laws assessment. Consequently, this has expanded the analysis, prosecution, and hearings of the related criminal acts. However, these are accomplished in relation to forensic science evidence, which mostly entails DNA-related features produced by skilled witnesses. Therefore, it is important to ensure that every individual involved in unlawful adjudication is in a position to fully assess and comprehend forensic evidence appropriately. Concerning the provided test and assessment, there is a positive correlation of the basic features of the sampled specimen under study. As observed from the osteological ...

Police Interviews are a fascinating form of social interaction, and one in which a power and control dynamic is instantly apparent. As one part of forensic linguistics, the study of language dynamics between an investigating police officer and a member of the public provides an important opportunity to study this type of interaction, and power dynamics in social interactions more generally. There are various approaches to analyzing such interview, two of which are Conversation Analysis and Critical Discourse Analysis. Using these approaches, and bearing in mind the context and ongoing importance of interview data, such interactions can provide linguistic ...

DNA in Forensic Science

Forensic Science deals with investigations of suspects or criminals in crime scenes legally. In most cases, there are usually a lot of people involved in crime scenes. Some of them being innocent while some are the criminals. Also, there may be one criminal involved in an incidence. In Forensic Science, DNA is used to differentiate the individuals so that the criminal among them can be known. Additionally, DNA analysis is performed in the paternity testing. It enables the determination of a parent or parents of a child. DNA analysis is now being regarded as scientific evidence ("Application of forensic ...

1. Crime is one of the major problems in society. It is worth noting that there are various mechanisms that the criminal justice system uses to analyze and prevent criminal activities. Crime analysis s is a critical role that is associated with law enforcement agencies. It entails the systematic analysis for analyzing and identifying the trends and patterns in crime. Crime analysis continues to expand in law enforcement agencies around the world. In crime analysis, there are critical approaches of profiling; it includes the deductive and inductive approaches. There are the differences between inductive and deductive methods of crime ...

Abstract

Disaster analysis is essential in the management of disasters. It assists in the identification of gaps in the management cycle within a given region. Management of disasters occurs in four cycles including planning or preparedness, response, recovery, as well as mitigation. Planning is an essential tool in all the phases of the cycle. The primary aim of disaster response is to offer immediate aid to improve health, sustain life, as well as assist in the improvement of the morale of the affected population. Recovery phase aims at restoring the infrastructure as well as the operations of the community services ...

An application of information about ocular detail and ophthalmic appliances in forensic discipline greatly depends on the correct choice of methods, their rational combination, and knowledge of forensic identification basics. It should be remembered that specific details of an identified object are of particular importance in a forensic discipline. This work reviews strengths and weaknesses of an article on the practical application of information about ocular detail and ophthalmic appliances and aims to provide fact checking. Bertolli, Berg, and Pannone (2012) wrote an article named Ocular detail and ophthalmic appliances as a potential aid in forensic identification. The key ...

Permanence and Uniqueness are two principles used in understanding the embryology and physiological development of friction ridge skin. The uniqueness and permanence of friction ridge skin have been applied as one of the fundamental factor used in fingerprint identification in forensic science. Fingerprint identification, analysis and comparison play a significant role in forensic science for solving criminal cases. It is imperative to note that friction ridge skin possesses unique attributes that persevere from before birth until decay after death (Edelmann & Denton, 2007). These two principles of unique attributes and their persistence from before birth until decomposition after death are ...

Abstract:

This paper charts the student’s reaction to three videos about the use of glass in CSI forensic investigations, all narrated by Dr. Richard Saferstein, a former chief forensic scientist for the New Jersey State Police Laboratory. In these videos, Dr. Saferstein offers short explanations of the types of glass used in CSI, how they are analyzed, and the way in which this evidence is used in criminal investigations. Keywords: CSI, forensic analysis, glass, soda-lime glass, refraction index, density, perpetrator, tempered, laminate 1. What are the different kinds of glass studied in CSI? According to the video, there are ...

A Look at the History of CSI

Dynell Trudell Saint Leo University Abstract “Forensic science” is the applying of science to civil and criminal laws. “Forensic Scientists” assemble, conserve, as well as examine scientific proof throughout the way of an investigation. A few “Forensic Scientists” actually go out to the scene to gather the proof themselves; but rather engage a laboratory position, performing studies on subjects brought to their place by other people. Furthermore, “Forensic Scientists” give proof as unique observers in all cases and may work for either the resistance or the indictment. This paper will show the development of Crime Scene Investigation techniques and ...

Position Paper on Video Final Call

Position Paper on Video Final Call

Introduction

Crime occurs in the society every time and as a result, people end up being killed or hurt in the long run. It is important for law enforcing agencies to ensure that crime is prevented and stopped for people to feel safe within their surroundings. In most cases, individuals make phone calls to 911 whenever they feel insecure and at risk. Resultantly, rapid response teams are always deployed as fast as possible to ensure that the individual is protected from danger. The discussion looks at the analysis of crime 360 final call s1 ...

Automated Fingerprint Identification System (AFIS) refers to a computerized system used to store fingerprint images. Typically, investigators feed new print images into AFIS to identify the best matches. Accordingly, the identification process allows investigators to narrow their search parameters. Usually, AFIS technicians perform the final analyses of retrieved images to maintain accuracy. Prior to the computerization of such systems, the process of comparing fingerprint images was tedious and sometimes inaccurate. The development of AFIS, however, allowed technicians to perform comparisons within minutes and achieve a relatively higher accuracy of image identification.

Creation of Fingerprint Images

Fingerprints appear as a series of darkened lines ...

When attempting to find trace amounts of an inorganic substance x-ray diffraction would be a valuable tool for discovering just what substances were present. It would not be the first choice according to various researchers, but it would be one of the least invasive as well as one of the least likely to destroy the sample. By using x-ray diffraction it is possible to differentiate between substances, making it easier to identify trace elements that can be found in crime scenes. X-ray diffraction is a valuable but slightly limited technique that is used by forensic science thanks to its ...

Psychological testing was developed to examine the cognitive and behavioral aspects of a patient. A variety of tests have been created to evaluate the individual to determine either the diagnosis of the individual or simply to attain an assessment or evaluation of the individual. Each test discussed below can provide advantages to the forensic setting. The validity and reliability of these tests have been extensively evaluated and are discussed. 1. Mental Status Exam The Mental Status Exam (“MSE”) is used to evaluate a patient’s mental functions and behaviors. The MSE was created as a tool for clinical psychologists ...

The increase in development of the Internet and computer technology in the past few years has lead to the intensification in new types of crime crimes and computer forensics throughout the world. Cyber crime is considered as an issue for the IT industry. The governments and cyber firms have struggled to fight against the act of illegal crimes in the world of Internet. Although, the majority of individuals would never admit doing this crime, just based on numerical facts a large percentage of today’s population have. In the modern world, a lot of people use online social networking ...

There has been a large demand for the continued advancement in forensic science for quite some time. Though much of what went into the practice wasn’t fully understood until the early 20th century. Until then forensic specialists were largely self-taught and not as highly regarded when it came to their role in law enforcement. Forensic science is a boon that has revolutionized law enforcement. According to The History of Forensic Science (2011) the first classes to teach the subject weren’t adopted until 1902. It also wasn’t until the 1930s that the course began to catch on ...

Psychology

Psychology

What are minimal groups? How does group membership lead to prejudice and discrimination? Minimal groups are groups used in research methodology in social psychology. The groups are used for researching the minimal conditions that are necessary for discrimination to take place between the groups (Otten, 2016). Group membership leads to discrimination and prejudice by making people conform to the set of behaviors associated with the group they belong. The people conform as a result of the social norms which are considered to be the appropriate behavior in the group.

What is modern racism, and how is it studied?

Modern racism is one of the belief systems that ...

Paper Outline

Introduction Thesis Statement: The use of DNA in a criminal prosecution has helped advance justice for both victims and suspects by, among other things, eliminating the possibility of wrongful conviction due to inaccurate identification. This way, it has also tremendously helped the law enforcement agencies in the criminal justice system in fighting and solving crime through effective investigation of offenses. However, there are also legal -particularly human rights- and ethical challenges regarding DNA application in criminal prosecution (Naughton & Gabe 245).

Sub-Points

-Improved the functionality of the criminal Justice system The use of DNA in a criminal prosecution has enhanced the ...

There are various guidelines in the United States of America that decide how tests may be used in legal cases. The three main systems are statutory, case law, and the one that corresponds to the American Psychological Association. Even though these three have the same principles and main points, they differ on their approach and the stipulations that they set for practitioners. The more legal aspects of these procedures respond to either statute or case law. Mental health standards vary from state to state, including the competency to be applicable for capital punishment. There are federal statutes that must ...

Blood evidence analysis has rapidly evolved and progressed over the last 20 years and nowadays, there exist a number of various techniques to collect, store and determine blood. Forensic scientists may opt for different ways to analyze the most valuable and helpful evidence of a crime in order to increase the chances to solve a case. The quality and reliability of a certain presumptive test usually depends on the reagents used in analysis and therefore, the right choice of a certain element is critical for determining associations and connections between the victim, perpetrator and different factors of a crime ...

The forensic assessments of criminal responsibility are necessary to focus on a defendant's actions and mental condition that may have occurred few days, months, or even years ago. In a normal case, a person after a certain age is responsible for his criminal actions of he is not affected by psychological illness. Therefore, the forensic panel of psychiatrist conduct test under specific standardized conditions. It should be noted that the Victorian legislation is one of those which allows the assessment of mental impairment to be done by psychologists. However, some courts are not considering it as an authentic solution ...

Ruling of Judge on Julie Amero

Julie Amero was convicted of impairing morals of seventh-grade children by exposing them to pornographic imagery. Also, the computer was corrupted with spyware and DNS hijacking software. After the appeal, the judge granted a new trial. As a result of felony charged, Julie had to face 40 years in prison. On October 19th, Julie Amero faced the porn ads exploding through her web browser during the class and the issue landed her in the court. The judge after evaluating all the facts and arguments granted a new trial and Julie was given a chance to prove that she had ...

DNA tracing has been a helpful way of identifying an unknown person. As a matter of fact, this advantage is being used in forensic investigations which will completely recognize the identity of an individual when being logged in the database. However, this brings about risk in the privacy and confidentiality of an individual. Therefore, DNA database should not be used for commercial purposes. A DNA profile,which is stored in database, is not only used to identify a single individual, but it also allows to track close relatives using the information which can be located in a single DNA ...

Reconstructing a crime scene incorporates three specific environments: crime scene, Investigation, and court (Lee & Howard, 2011). There are inherent limitations in a reconstruction and imitations are tied to each of these three environments. It is important for a reconstructionist to not go beyond what he knows, but at the same time be cognizant of the fact that the very thing that can neither be defined nor acknowledged may be more powerful than what can be defined (Lee & Howard, 2011).It is also paramount that an appropriate methodology is employed that suitably corroborates the process (Lee & Howard, 2011). The process ...

DNA tracing has been a helpful way of identifying an unknown person. As a matter of fact, this advantage is being used in forensic investigations which will completely recognize the identity of an individual when being logged in the database. However, this brings about risk in the privacy and confidentiality of an individual. Therefore, DNA database should not be used for commercial purposes. A DNA profile,which is stored in database, is not only used to identify a single individual, but it also allows to track close relatives using the information which can be located in a single DNA ...

LASA: Evaluation of a Forensic Psychological Report

Abstract This is a research report that provides information about a case and a review that has been analyzed in relation to the conventions and standards in psychological reporting for parole boards. The findings show that there are some limitation and inappropriate levels and measures that have been used. The research could be improved and made more relevant, reliable and understandable. There are some things relating to cultural sensitivity issues like language and consent as well as local community variables that were not put in place. Furthermore, some challenges in the subject under review suggests that there could be ...

Synopsis of the Article

The aim of the article is to investigate the claim that joint assessments of aptitude to stand trial and mental situation during an offense are widespread practices, which are implicitly assumed not to share any relationship with the psycho-legal opinions. My selected topic is the need for integrating CST and MSO. CST stands for Competency to Stand Trial while MSO refers to Mental State at the Time of the Offense. The article selected is directly related to the topic. Therefore, the motivation of the article and topic selected are heading in the same direction. The report comprises an in-depth ...

1. Answer: Mobile communication devices including different personal digital assistants are not limited to voice calls and short messages only. These devices can easily browse the internet and can use different types of utility and facility applications, such as viewing maps of a certain place, tracking other people via a GPS system and so on. A device with so many features certainly helps a person as well as the society to ease the lifestyle. On the other hand, bad people can use these features to harm other people. In the recent days 22nd July 2016, an eighteen-year-old guy attacked ...

Introduction

The sinking of the Titanic is one of the worst sea tragedies. The cause of the tragedy is believed to have been a collision with an iceberg in the near-freezing Atlantic Ocean, but forensic investigations revealed more flaws in the design of the ship. The ship was inadequately equipped with lifeboats and had initial design flaws which resulted in water flowing from one watertight compartment to another. Moreover, there were communication flaws which meant that distress calls could not be received quickly while other findings revealed that some of the structural components were too weak to sustain the freezing ...

Introduction

Life happens to come with many unprecedented and unpredicted disasters. Halfway across the world there are news of tornadoes, fires, earthquakes, and floods. News reporters give statistics of the many lives that are lost in such disasters and in many instances, the policy makers are not able to correctly determine the monetary value of property and businesses lost in such instances. Such happenings are taking place across the world and some of the greatest losers are business entities. Owing to these disasters and many more such disasters, business organizations have to think beyond the normal operations (Cobanoglu, Blasik, & Haley, ...

A branch of forensic science that includes recovering and investigating materials of the digital devices especially when there is a crime committed using computers. Analyzing a crime is the most important factor in digital forensics before arriving at a conclusion. During the analysis process, the most critical function is to validate the evidence. Analysis of forensics and digital evidence depends on the type of investigation involved, the amount of data that will be processed during investigation, court orders, company policies and search warrants. Digital forensic analysis involves locating and recovering particular materials that eases the investigation process at a ...

According to the Orlando Crime statistics, the number of violent crimes and assault has remained stable, unlike burglaries and theft that have decreased over the years. Violent crimes can highly traumatize the victims. Victims face medical problems and other health complications. Domestic violence is a common cause of hospital admission for assault and strangulation is very commonly observed assault. Many victims may lose conscientiousness during the attack. ("American Association of Colleges of Nursing | Violence as a Public Health Problem", 2016) Managing the environment can be a good way to prevent violent crimes. Every member of the community has a ...

The Fate of Greenland's Vikings by Dale Mackenzie Brown.

In 1721, Hans Egede, a Norwegian missionary discovered that the Norse were no longer inhabiting the two settlements that they had established around 1000 A.D. Since then there has been many debates on the cause of their disappearance and decline. For long, the theories about their disappearance centered around the oral traditions of the Inuits. The Inuit tradition held that the demise of the Norse was due to the contact between the Inuit and the Norse which was often aggressive (Seaver 1996, 119). In recent years however, owing to expanding archaeological findings and other limited documentary evidence there have ...

Ideally, forensic health nursing entails the practice of nursing regardless of the region on the global map especially when legal system and health intersect. As such, forensic nurses make a tremendous contribution to the integration of law and medicine. In fact, they are tasked with the provision of specialized care to patients who in most instances are perpetrators or victims of trauma. I agree with the post that the fact that hundreds of employees are always in and around the building reduces the risk of occurrence of crime (Simmons, 2014). However, the presence of the many corners of the ...

Victim’s Advocate Roles and Forensic Healthcare Professionals Roles

Victim’s Advocate Roles and Forensic Healthcare Professionals Roles Victim’s advocates is a trained personnel mandated to support crime victims. Victims’ advocates have the mandate to enlighten the victim on legal procedures, rights as well as offers moral support throughout the legal proceedings (The National Center for Victims of Crime, 2008). On the other hand, forensic healthcare professionals have a role of collecting evidence to find out the truth of the crime (McEvoy & McConnachie, 2013). They also act as a link between the health sector and the criminal judicial system.

Emergency room personnel need to certainly understand basics ...

Essentials of evidence collection and preservation knowledge

Healthcare professionals ought to understand that knowledge on evidence collection and preservation is paramount. The knowledge can eventually be of significant use in tracking down and prosecuting the perpetrators of crimes (Simmons, 2014). Forensic healthcare workers or even general caregivers can help the police in investigating crimes by making sure that they collect and store evidence attentively. Moreover, crime evidence can be essential to the victims as they can use it to seek legal justice.

Steps to Take in Collecting Evidence on Mugged Client

Health institutions usually have an elaborate protocol for collecting and handling evidence. The protocols are typically developed by forensic healthcare professionals in conjunction with ...

In the quest for ensuring that the safety of children in the community is upheld, there is the need for having in place proper structures which will oversee this objective. One of the most effective methodologies that can be employed is the use of forensic interviews. Such discussions are useful mainly in instances where the child in question has fallen victim to violence (Ackerman, 2010). There is the need for ensuring that the conducted interviews are focused on extracting reliable information which is non-contaminating, non-leading and non-suggestive. As such, I agree with the author that the goal of forensic ...

Violence and Diversity Cultural Basics

The diversity of culture may bring confusion and conflicts in some situations. Also, some individuals may end up in wrong judgments and fail to help the victims of domestic violence due to cultural misunderstanding. According to Bettinger et al. (2011), the violence against some gender is a culture, particularly among the Muslims, who believes that men have a patriarchal power that places them above females. Therefore, to help a female Muslim in a case of domestic violence is a big challenge since she may be stuck too much to culture to the extent of not disclosing information that would ...

It is undeniable fact that cultural differences affect forensic assessment to a greater extent. Because of the cultural inclination, forensic assessment always produces results that are biased towards a particular culture (Fernandez, 2013). It’s worth noting that forensic investigators are members of some cultures; therefore, all their thinking and decision significantly reflects their cultural values. However, it should be pointed out that not all decisions made by forensic assessors are biased towards their culture of origin; consumers of these data must trust them and allow the notion of professionalism to prevail. Forensic investigators are taken through compulsory training ...

In Rhone v. Schneider National Carriers, Inc., 2016 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 53346, a national court ordered the applicant to generate the “Download Your Info” file from her social media account on Facebook (Gates, 2016). The “Download Your Info” details contain the entire information of the user’s profile in one file. Rhone was a private injury case occurred because of an accident with a motor vehicle. The defendant, in this case, demanded a copy of all the posts which applicant made on social media websites after the accident. The applicant answered that she had not a single document file, ...

Introduction

Blood behavior conforms to specific scientific principles and therefore, professionals trained to perform bloodstain pattern analysis can analyze the blood evidence in a crime scene and come up with conclusions as to how the blood shedding happened. The stains may appear to have a random distribution in a crime scene, but the analysts can study the spatter patterns, transfers, and other marks. From the physical evidence, the investigators recognize and interpret the patterns to determine how they were created. These marks are then categorized to recreate the sequence of events that occurred following the bloodshed. Blood stain pattern analysis, ...

Social change refers to the perception of the social progress or evolution of the social cultural ideologies and the knowledge that the society is advancing in ideas physiologically using growth. As a forensic interviewer, it’s vital to note that individual adult learner has a unique need for education and therefore, there is a need to balance professional and personal commitments. I would provide information on the essential characteristics of the forensic evaluations, and this will include data that addresses the content and the quality of the report submitted to the legal decision makers. The questions should be inclusive ...

Two needs for forensic assessment in civil forensic cases

Two important types of civil cases in which forensic psychological assessment may be required are worker’s compensation and custody hearings. In the former, the client is usually asking for some sort of monetary compensation for damages that have been caused by their employees. In the second one, there is usually an underage person whose custody is being determined by the courts, as his or her parents are going through a process of separation. Obviously, these are caricatures of the complex real cases that real forensic psychologists have to face. Nevertheless, they will serve as models to explain the ...

Abstract

The ethical and technical importance of effective, efficiently performed forensic crime scene investigation combines the use of creative thinking, with well-planned assessments and collection of evidence. When law enforcement participants function together as a team, in the engagement of utilizing standardized procedures in the collection and recovery of evidence, whether on ground-surface or burial excavations, precision and integrity may be maintained as foundational to the process. Preservation using photographic, videotaping, and handwritten documentation during each step of the crime scene investigation process, provides a basis of accuracy in reporting outcomes and greatly aids in an unambiguous identification of party – ...

Abstract

Digital forensics is a critical component of forensic discipline that includes crimes and misconducts with respect to computer systems. The use of computers to investigate online crimes led to the development of this new field known as Digital forensics. The field provides new ideas for understanding and betterment of concepts and directing future concepts in Digital Forensics. Over the last few years, with the advent of latest electronic devices such as mobile phones, tablets and laptops, the concept has gained popularity over the span of few years. This has resulted in a shift of thefts from real time to ...

ABSTRACT

Forensic psychology has grown in popularity and the assessments these professionals conduct can be incredibly beneficial in determining a criminal defendant or offender’s mental stability, ability to stand trial and the level of threat they may represent. That being said in order for forensic psychologists to provide these assessments it is required that a number of the Ethical Standards Code, which is the core structure of modern psychological practice, be augmented or adapted to allow the psychologist to be beholden to the law enforcement who hires them and not directly to the subject; they must be able to ...

Part A. Answer the following questions based on the literature:

PTP (Pretrial publicity) creates a set of problems that forensic social/cognitive/experimental psychologists are uniquely qualified to address. What are some of these problems? Hint: they are psychological (social/cognitive) and legal (procedural/substantive). Thus, begin by addressing: why we are concerned with PTP at all? What are the alleged effects and what does the social science research indicate regarding these effects (be specific in citing literature)? One of the problems, caused by Pre-Trial Publicity is the cognitive one. This means that juries get the information about the case under some circumstances, identified by the pre-trial mass media articles, which they ...

Digital forensics is of great importance when it comes to investigation and law. This is the acquisition, analysis and presentation of evidence to courts through a scientific collection of the same. When proposing digital forensics equipment, there are various pertinent factors that will need to be taken into consideration include the cost of the tools used in the analysis, the work needed in the forensics investigations and the available devices on the market. This paper is going to discuss two digital forensic tools used, their advantages, drawbacks and the possible usage of the same.

Description and Function of the Tool

The first tool is the ...

Cybercrime and many other crimes are justified by the collection of appropriate evidence by detectives and other law enforcement agencies. The forensics team to collect evidence from the crime scene uses various techniques and tools. Interviewing the witnesses to gather evidence and being able to incorporate the correct method to investigate the crime scene is expected from professional detectives. The paper highlights four mini cases and knowledge of methods used in these cases to collect evidence by forensics experts. Cyber crimes are crimes done by computer experts through their knowledge of software, programming, and networking techniques. In addition to ...

Application Assignment

Application Assignment

Cognitive interviewing is a practice that is widespread across many survey and investigative organizations. Cognitive interviewing is a qualitative method that examines the question-response process taking into account the consideration used by respondents as they formulate answers. The structure of the interviews consists of respondents first answering a question and then providing information, usually textual, to reveal how they went about answering the question. The interviews follow an order that intends to capture relevant information by activating the mental records of the respondents. An important step that should be undertaken by forensic interviewers in the preparation of ...

Community members risk a great risk of getting themselves hurt at the hands of people prone to violence. The relevance of the study is that it highlights what is instrumental in determining the extent to which mentally ill and violent individuals are likely to pose risk to members of communities, be they prison, hospital or standard civilian groups of people. The literature review will include a board concept of community. Samuel (2015) defined the concept of community as applicable to a human group sharing a geographical area. Following this logic, the notion is possible to apply to patients and ...