Essays on Plea

Plea Bargaining in American Society

Introduction Plea bargaining plays a very significant role in the American criminal justice system. It is estimated that approximately 90% of all criminal cases are settled by plea bargain rather than trial by a jury as guaranteed by the Sixth Amendment to the United State Constitution. Throughout this paper, I will discuss what a plea bargain is, benefits of plea bargains, disadvantages of plea bargains, the role of the victim in the plea bargaining process, and recent developments in plea bargaining.

What is Plea Bargaining?

In the American court system, a plea bargain is an agreement between the prosecutor and the defendant in a criminal case in ...

Abstract

This paper will discuss the issue of plea-bargaining in our criminal justice system. It will reflect on the angle of plea-bargaining if it provides a fair and necessary form to service justice in today criminal justice system. This paper will reflect over both advantages and disadvantages with plea –bargaining. It will also reflect over articles related to plea-bargaining. It will reflect over those cases that have victims suffer suffering and plea bargaining. It will explain how the other elements that affected the criminal justice come into play with plea bargaining. It will give a history, importance and explain the critical need ...

The petitioner in this case, Sherry Burt, a Warden at a Michigan correctional facility moved to the Supreme Court challenging the decision of the United States Sixth Circuit Court of Appeals and seeking a writ of certiorari against the decision. The matters that came up for consideration at the Supreme Court involved weighty constitutional issues namely whether the Sixth Circuit gave an appropriate deference to the state trial court decision in Michigan as enshrined in the Antiterrorism and Effective Death Penalty Act of 1996. The second constitutional issue that was subject to determination by the court in this case related to the ...

A plea bargaining is an agreement reached upon by a prosecutor and defendant in a criminal case where a defendant pleads guilty to a particular charge for some concession from the prosecutor. It can also be understood as the defendant pleading guilty to one of several charges or to a less serious charge, in return for the dismissing of other charges. A plea bargain is advantageous as it allows both parties to avoid long criminal trial and makes criminal defendants avoid the risk of being convicted on a more serious charge (Packer, 1968). Plea bargaining, however, has been criticized for its close relation with threats, ...

In most cases, plea bargaining is used in various criminal justice systems in the world. Despite its preference, many people seldom praise the agreement. As a matter of fact, people view it has a way of favoring the offenders, whereby it develops a possibility of been given a nonequivalent justice to the offence committed. Perhaps, many people believe that plea bargaining is a shortcut to intended justice that is authorized by the law system. On the other hand, other view the move as appropriate, and the best way to make the offenders plea quality for the offence committed. Plea bargaining refers to the ...

Educational Institution Name

PLEA BRAGAINING IN THE COURT SYSTEM 2 Abstract Plea bargaining is used very often in the criminal courts to assist the court system in addressing the problems associated with long trials. In a plea bargain, the prosecutor and the defendant agree to a lesser charge or a reduction of charges in exchange for a guilty plea. Both sides must agree and must be approved by the judge before the plea bargain will be entered. Plea bargains are viewed as beneficial in that they reduce the lengthy time, expense, and uncertainty of going to trial for both the defendant and the prosecutor. ...

Trial vs. Plea Bargaining

Trial The oldest and most well-known form of dispute resolution in criminal cases is the jury trial (Kadri, 2005). Certainly, the jury trial is the fundamental dispute resolution mechanism of the American adversarial legal system. In fact, the core principle of the criminal justice system holds that disputes are most effectively resolved when the parties in contention are made responsible for: (1) investigating and gathering their own evidence and (2) presenting their own arguments to a neutral and passive lay decision-maker who decides which party presented the most convincing argument (Kadri, 2005). Furthermore, the entire process is subject to ...

Plea bargaining occurs when the prosecuting attorney and the defendant agree that the accused should accept they are guilty in a specific charge and the attorney to reduce the charges or the sentence they had requested the jury. It is necessary to note that plea bargaining only applies in criminal cases. As a result of a plea bargain, the accused accepts guilt in a lesser charge than the one they had been accused of. For example, a plea bargain would result in the defendant pleading guilty to manslaughter when in the first instance they had been accused of murder. In return for the defendant’ ...

Plea Bargaining

Plea bargaining refers to case settlement that involves an arranged agreement between the prosecutor and the defendant. Along with possible conditions, the defendant agrees to plead guilty to some crime and not vice versa. These conditions may include benefits relating to punishment, dismissal of some charges or termination of a sentence. For a plea to hold, the accused must meet their part of the deal. Therefore, plea bargaining is different from civil law and requires separate treatment (Bibas, 2004). The most common forms of plea-bargaining are charge bargaining and sentence bargaining. Charge bargaining is the negotiation with the prosecutor for reduced ...

Miranda Rights

The decision of the Supreme Court in Miranda v. Arizona that a confession obtained through interrogation while in custody, and at which time the suspect was not informed of his/her constitution to have a legal representative present would be inadmissible in the court of law. However, only the accused can proclaim their constitution protection in contesting the involuntarily obtained confession. These Miranda rights, as they are popularly known, are necessary in the course of justice as they guarantee the constitutionality of the Fifth Amendment, Sixth Amendment and Fourteen Amendment. Fifth Amendment deals with self incrimination, Sixth Amendment relates to right to ...

When somebody is charged for criminal action, the only aim he or she has is to reduce the potential penalty. In order to minimize the risks at the trial the defendants usually choose to come to an agreement with the prosecutor. According to the definition a plea bargain is a process of negotiation between the defendant and his attorney on one side and the prosecutor on the other. In this case the defendant agrees to plead guilty or no contest to the crime. In exchange he or she may receive a reduction of the severity of the charge, dismissal of other charges ...

a. In the case presented, plea-bargaining agreement is important to the justice system because it de-clogs the cases courts need to address. It helps the court focus their limited resources in more important cases. Siegel, Schmalleger& Worrall (2011) corresponds to a legal term that is considered as a comprise, that is vital for the judicial function. It is an agreement between the prosecutor and defendant parties, where the defendant pleads guilty to several aspects of the charges. The defendant will plead guilty to a less serious charge or charges and, as a result, the other aspects of the charges will be dismissed ( ...

The use of plea bargaining is famous in legal systems as it justifies the principle of judicial economy. The purpose of the judicial system is to bring to an end cases in a fair, efficient and quick manner. In the absence of plea-bargaining, there will be an eruption of cases and this result to over taxation of the citizens and disruption to the legal system. With limited funding, plea bargaining is a very powerful tool and solves congestion of cases. In addition, the judges get more time to handle the critical cases (Baker & Mezzetti, 2001). Since time immemorial, it has ...

The founding fathers of this nation pieced together Constitutional guarantees for the citizens of the land to protect them from anarchy and tyranny. They had just overthrown the yoke of the most vilianous colonial regime in Great Britain. They were also determined that no American citizen should ever be subject to such tyranny especially in the name of the law. Hence, we have our Constitutional Amendments. The Fifth Amendment allows a citizen not to testify in court if the information would be self-incriminating. The Sixth Amendment allows citizens to the right to have their day in court. They are entitled ...

Introduction

This paper will study the criminal justice process that should be followed when deciding a case of murder of two persons namely Mrs. Lucy Lane and Mr. Rodney Hill, whose bodies were discovered on the roadside after a bloody murder by unknown assailants. The paper will look at the process starting from investigation and search by the police, arrest, arraignment of the suspect in court to take their plea, the subsequent trial by the court, judgment and eventually sentencing. The paper will follow an American Justice System Approach in the whole process.

According to the information provided, Mr. John Wolf of ...

1. Discuss Bonneau's findings in What Price Justice?

In "What Price Justice(s)? Understanding Campaign Spending in State Supreme Court Elections," Chris W. Bonneau discusses campaign spending for elections to State Supreme Court, indicating the varying factors that lead to the often wildly different spending budgets for each of these candidates. Depending on the campaign, state supreme court races will often involve a lot of campaign spending, given the circumstances. Bonneau's study is conducted to determine what exactly fuels this campaign spending for these positions.

In his findings, Bonneau determines that "state supreme court campaign spending is driven by ...

Introduction

In the following project I have researched and summarized the main provisions of the statutes as they relate to the questions of arraignment, state sentencing issues and sentencing alternatives in the state of Virginia. Another part of this research covers the issues of practical application of these statutory provisions in the everyday work of courts and correctional institutions. In the Lesson 1, I have researched the initial procedure of arraignment in the light of its practical application during the work of the court.

In the Lesson 2, I have summarized the statutory provisions which regulate the issues of probation, parole and sentencing alternatives.

In the Lesson 3, I have briefly outlined the community correctional programs and how the ...

Write an essay that considers the criminal process from arrest through sentencing and appeal. Identify and evaluate the strengths and weaknesses inherent in the process along each step in the process. In your evaluation, discuss how these weaknesses might be corrected. What factors push against their correction? Also, assess how factors external to the criminal justice system such as budgetary and political realities impact the identified strengths and weaknesses.

Introduction

Criminal process known otherwise as criminal procedure is characterized by three phase of pre-trial, during trial and after trial. Most often criminal process is set in motion upon arrest of ...

Introduction

The insanity defense is an amendment to the strict rules of common law that allows an accused to be acquitted, completely or substantially, of the charges leveled against him, whether he is guilty or not. For this plea to hold water in a court of law, defendants must provide sufficient notification to the court. The court will then use health experts to examine the accused and determine their state of the psychology. The defense may also bring witnesses, who personally know the accused, to the stand to testify on his or her mental capacity. However, the nature of the ...

The dispensation of judicial services in the US and particularly in the state of Texas has been faced by a myriad of problems. Most of these problems are caused by internal redundancies that have been in existence for decades. These have hindered efficient judicial services to the citizens and consequently reduced trust in the judiciary. This court management proposal looks at ways through which the state can ensure an improved judicial process and get rid of the backlog and delay characteristic of the courts. The paper suggests that the Victim Offender Mediation program be instituted to deal with less severe ...

The three components of the criminal justice system are the police department, the courts, and the department of corrections. The police maintain public order and investigate crimes, as well as protect the rights of fundamental rights and freedoms of individuals (Schmalleger, 2009). To accomplish these goals, the police department constantly patrols cities and arrests those suspected of committing a crime (Cole & Smith). The courts exist to formally charge individuals with a crime, hold trials to determine a defendant’s guilt or innocence, and to sentence those found guilty. The corrections department functions to carry out sentences imposed by the courts. (Schmalleger, 2009) ...

One the definitions of law emanates from an instrumentalist view of the law. According this view, the law is regarded as an instrument used to serve a certain purpose. In other words, the law is a tool that is used to facilitate the attaining of certain objectives. When applied to a societal context, the instrumentalist view of law regards the law as an instrument that is used to attain and maintain order in a particular society. In any given society, there are many activities that take place. Where such activities are allowed to take place haphazardly and without regulation, then there is bound ...

Now it is time to give careful consideration to the nature of corruption that is the case in the USA. Pepys (2) notes that corruption within the system of justice may be defined as the use of management reserves or public authority to one’s own advantage or for personal gains resulting in an inappropriate legal protection of citizens and delivery of judicial services. In a broad context, the system of justice embraces judges, police, prosecutors, public defenders, court personnel, private bar, and a variety of court decision enforcement agencies, such as, for example, penal institutions. Whatever the variety of justice ...

Introduction

A criminal justice process is normally followed to ensure an individual’s rights are not abused. According to Moak and Carlson (3), the criminal justice process aims to ensure that relevant fact-finding is conducted in an effort to establish the truth. The criminal justice procedure needs to be done in accordance or by not being in contrary to an individual’s right as stipulated in the Fourth, Fifth, Sixth, Eighth and Fourteen amendments of the U.S. Constitution. Moak and Carlson (4) note that a criminal justice process needs to involve intensive cross-examination of both prosecution witness (the arresting officer and ...

In New Jersey, the Department of Children and Families will be responsible for handling the case after Diane’s disclosure. After Diane tells of her abuse by her father to her friend who then tells the mother, the alleged abuse will be reported to the Department of Children and Families either in person or through the hot line phone number provided by the department. The department will send a social worker to the Diane’s home to investigate the allegations. Since her mother refused to accept these allegations, it will be upon the department to involve other parties to determine ...

Thesis

The word felony means a very serious crime that has been brought up against a person. It is a crime that is considered to have high levels of seriousness, for example Murder. A person who commits a felony is known as a felon. This paper reviews all the steps that are taken on a felon from the arrest to their conviction in state courts in the United States.

Arrest

There are different ways that a felon can be arrested. This starts with an arrest by the citizens or the police department. A citizen arrest is one which an individual who is not a police officer arrests them after ...

Introduction

The country’s criminal justice is one of hallmarks of modern civilizations. It secures the rights and liberties enjoyed by modern Americans. Its three components – law enforcement, courts and corrections – all work together and separately to ensure that the vision of the founding fathers continue to guide the country. Each of the components, for example, should ideally abide by the principles of due process and equality. As shown in the case study being considered here, all components apply in processing a person’s entry into the system.

Description of Murder

Murder is defined by 18 U.S. Code § 1111 (a) as “the unlawful killing of a ...

Prosecutorial misconduct

Prosecutorial misconduct refers to a procedural defense usually available to the defendant in criminal matters whereby the defendant advances an argument that the court should not hold them criminally liable for actions which may be criminal for the reason that the prosecution acted unfairly. The defense arises in various instances such as where the prosecution knowingly sanctioned false testimony and where the prosecution withheld evidence. It is therefore a violation of laws or ethical rules by the prosecutors (Texas District and County Attorneys Association (TDCAA), 2012). A real-life example of prosecutorial misconduct was apparent in the case of U.S. v. ...

Introduction

A trial by jury or jury trial is a legal process in which a jury either makes findings or decision of fact which are then applied by a judge. It is distinguished from a bench trial, whereby a group of judges or a judge make all the verdicts. The jury trials are utilized in a substantial share of grave criminal cases in all common law legal methods and lay judges or juries have be incorporated into legal systems of many civil law nations for criminal cases. Only the Canada and the U.S. make practical application of trials in a wide diversity of non-criminal cases. Most common law ...

Introduction

The arrest of the three teenage young men over the murder of the three year old boys in West Memphis Arkansas took place in 1994. The three young men named Jessie MisKelley Jr, Damien Echols, and Jason Baldwin were found guilty and convicted for the killings. Both Jessie and Jason were sentenced to life and on the other hand, Baldwin who was considered as the suspected ring-leader received a death sentence. Later in 2011, the three teenagers presumed an Alford Plea which enabled them to come out of jail as time served. The Alford plea was presumed that one is ...

Strict liability and the insanity defense share some very interesting and ironic components. Strict liability penalizes for “lack of thought or reason” while the insanity defense excuses this “lack of thought or reason.” The law operates quite strangely at times. In regards to the insanity defense, I firmly believe that it should be eliminated because it often excuses the criminal act and can be used as a loophole.

In a criminal case, the act and consequence should be the primary concerns, especially when considering violent crimes or crimes that harm individuals in other ways. However, when the insanity defense ...

Explain why individual rights and public order perspectives are such contentious issues in contemporary American Society

Individual rights are such a contentious issue in contemporary American Society because some laws cannot be interpreted in the same ways for all the cases. Individual rights have been outlined by the Founders and written in the Bill of Rights. The Founders believed that an individual has a right for freedom of speech, religion, press, as well as the freedom for unreasonable searches. Besides, an individual has social, political and economic freedoms. Nowadays, there are many cases, in which the individual rights have been violated (for example the cases of unreasonable searches and seizures). However, the trial did not take into ...

Introduction

John Wayne Gacy. Jr was one of the most dreaded serial killers in Chicago during the 70s. While most other serial killers of the time worked in isolation, Gacy happened to be a social figure who inculcated a very different picture of himself in public. This paper will cover certain aspects from Gacy from a criminal aspect, such as a brief profile, details of the crime, aspects of the trial, the defense strategy and the final outcome.

Brief Profile

Gacy was born to parents of Danish and Polish heritage in 1942 in Chicago, IL. He was the second child of his parents with two sisters. ...

(Professor/Instructor) (Course/Major)

Insanity Plea: The Andrea Yates

Andrea Kennedy Yates married and mother to five children-Noah, John, Paul, Luke, and Mary-was found guilty of killing all five of her children by drowning the children in the bathtub in their home. During the course of the trial, Yates confided that she was “not a good mother” and the children “were not developing correctly” and that she must be chastised. This belief was anchored on the radical teachings of Michael Woroniecki, who taught her that “bad mothers will go to hell and the children these will have will also go to hell.” In addition, Yates ...

“How with this rage shall beauty hold a plea,

Whose action is no stronger than a flower?” William Shakespeare (Ward 150) Not Rose Petals “Our love is not rose petals or Valentine candy –“ (Ward 150) “ . . .it is dirt and sand” “. . . it is the soil we roll in”

“Our love is dirt and sand

and coarse pebbles in a shallow brook.” (Ward 151)

Naming the Growth

“. . . to call a single plant from one lone seed

“love-in-a-mist,” then “devil-in- the bush” (Ward 38) repeated 4 times

“A love that’s lush is grand until we’re touched Spring Begins in Hinckley, Ohio II of last year’s leaves . . . I love how they love what is used and then spoiled – how they, deep in ...

Statements made by the defendant’s impacts greatly on the sentence he will be subjected to. From the statement made, the judge can determine the behavior of the suspect from the way he talks and this could also be linked to the crimes the defendant is accused and it might determine the sentence. The ineligibility of the client for death penalty was arrived from the statements made by the defendants’ team; the judge was not able to validate and accept the evidence presented. The purpose of sentencing is to punish the accused accordingly to the existing legal provisions. Sentencing ...

Magistrates and judges must take into consideration a wide variety of factors in determining the sentencing of offenders. The sentence must primarily coincide with the statutory guidelines that implicated in the Crimes Act 1999 (Sentencing Procedure) (NSW), and guidelines set out by the judicial system that creates precedent for all the magistrates and judges within the country. In regards to the extent of the law the purpose of sentencing fundamentally include, incapacitation, rehabilitation, retribution, and deterrence. In regards to victims, the challenge in achieving a balance in the rights into consideration is their right to make their object complaint fully without ...

Ever since has man stepped over earth, he has an urge to develop his own family for the purpose of living a happy and contended life. Therefore, an immediate family is required for personal contentment which could be helpful in every hour of need. Different societies of the world have varieties of family set-ups, and there has been a subsequent change observed in the traditional family systems since the dawn of modernization. Usually, a group of persons who are connected through blood streams and who live under one roof is termed as a family. The family can be immediate, such as spouses and ...

Sociology theories in the contemporary society

Introduction Looking into sociology, many theories have been developed by different authors all aiming at delivering some information about the society. Theories were developed mostly in attempt to explain certain social phenomena that is alive even today or existed for some time in the past but is still relevant in the contemporary society. One of the theories that create impact from in this book is structural functionalism which has changed its name to structuralism though maintains a lot of the original content with minimal alteration. In this theory, sociologists argue that the different constituent cultures in a complex society ...

The United States Justice System

The United States Criminal Justice system comprises of processes, agencies set up by the government to promote the prevention, and control of crime in addition to providing correctional measures against those found violating the laws. The history of criminal justice systems in the United States can be traced to the American Colonial whereby philosophical and religious concepts influenced the criminal justice system. The US criminal justice system is structured in such a manner that it is strictly concerned with issues associated with the violation of criminal laws and when, interpreted, the US criminal justice system strictly deals with the enforcement ...

It is amazing how diverse the world we live in really is. Everything has so many variations and quirks that it is almost unbelievable that it works together as a whole. One complex system that keeps society together is the legal system. Yet, even the legal systems all over the world vary immensely. In this short essay I would like to highlight some major points of divergence between the German and the US legal systems. In the United States we use the common law system, which originated in England and is customary in Anglo-Saxon countries. It is based on ...

Introduction

Crime is a problem that persists in every society in spite of the advancements that the society has made socially and economically. The problem of crime is a reason for major concerns for both individuals and governments. For instance a survey carried out in 2008 in the United States of America showed that 50% of the respondents were at one time or another worried that burglars would attack their homes or their cars would be vandalized by criminals. They were also worried that the crime rates in the nation had gone up considerably over the past one year.

The concerns are justified ...

Prosecution Ethics

Considerations that might legitimately contribute to a decision to charge an individual with a crime include race, religion, federalism, and the ability of evaluation. In many cases, race has infected several institutions. Considering blacks and whites, black criminals are most likely to be sentenced even if the black’s crime is lesser than the white’s. Religion, just like race, has the same influence. This brings about selective prosecution. A defendant should be limited to a claim of selective prosecution when challenging an initial charging decision. There should only be prosecution after full investigation. This is the right time to determine the ...

Question One: Four Modern Sentencing Options

Sentences are punishments for convicted defendants. The prescription of punishments for crimes is found in both federal and state statutes. There are four traditional sanctions that can be imposed in the modern criminal justice system are; the death penalty, imprisonment, probation, and fines. They are discussed in the ensuing sections.

Death Penalty, this is the most extreme sentence option. In the United States, 38 states have laws that can impose capital punishment. Majority of these states use lethal injection while some use electrocution to end the life of the accused. The death penalty is usually reserved for very serious ...

CITE: USA Today, Oct. 2, 2013, page 34.

FACTS: Katherine Jackson, mother to Michael Jackson brought a suit on negligence against AEG Live LLC. AEG Live LLC was a concert promotion company that produced Jackson’s comeback concerts. Katherine argued that AEG Live LLC acted negligently in hiring the physician responsible for administering the medication that killed Michael. Conrad Murray, the physician, was found guilty of involuntary manslaughter in November 2011 for administering a propofol overdose that lead to the death of the singer.

In their negligence claim, the family sought to show that AEG Live LLC was responsible for hiring the ...

Introduction to Criminal Justice

Question one: Explain why individual rights and public order perspectives are such contentious issues in contemporary American Society

Individual rights refer to personal or individual freedoms that are accorded to human beings and are guaranteed in the Bill of Rights. Some of the individual rights enshrined in the law include the right to petition, right to bear arms, right to vote, among others. An individual rights perspective calls for the protection of personal freedoms without any abridgement in the criminal justice system. On the other hand, when viewed from a public order perspective, it is suggested that individual rights or personal freedoms can be overridden when public safety is at stake. Indeed, public order advocates believe that under ...

Crime and the criminal justice system

Crime is an act that violates or breaks a given set of rules or laws and which may lead to the person being prosecuted. Crimes vary from region to region and also from the different countries. The constitution governs acts of crime, disputes and also defines the laws of a county or country. When a person commits a crime, the kind of action to be taken against that person and the equivalent punishment are defined within the laws.

Basis through which the society determines the criminality of an individual’s actions

The society uses two main models to determine criminal acts. A violation of any of the issues addressed by this model leads to a criminal act ...

Al Capone strikes fear in the hearts of citizens as his reign of terror continues in the Chicago area. This Brooklyn, New York native began his life of crime at a young age, earning him the nickname Scarface (Messick & Goldblatt, 1972). As an original member of The Five Points Gang, his connections with crime boss, Jim Colosimo offered him to opportunity to learn the trade under Colosimo’s tutelage (Whitehead, 1956). Upon Colosimo’s death, Capone was groomed to take the position.

The prohibition allowed for many opportunities for Capone to continue to profit off of illegal alcohol sales ...

The criminal process involved in excessive speed violation and DUI.

When robin was charged with excessive speed violation along I70, it occurred in a state that has absolute speed limits. This means that by driving at 85 miles per hour he had violated the absolute limits. In an absolute speed limit state, violation of the speed laws occurs even when one drives one mile above the posted speed (JURIX (Conference), & In Hoekstra, 2014). Upon arrest, Robin was issued with a misdemeanor traffic offence ticket class 1 because not only was he speeding but he also caused a potentially fatal accident. However, the twist in Robin’s case makes it even more ...

Criminal Law

CRIMINAL JUSTICE Question No. 1 The use of less lethal weapons such as the pepper spray and conducted energy devices or CEDs, such as the Taser had been widely popular in the police force. The use of Taser increased in significantly for the past decade and reports have shown that 15,000 law enforcement and military agencies make use of these less lethal weapons. However, the use of Tasers had created a controversy in relation to allegations of overuse, intentional infliction of harm to the accused and in-custody deaths. Some claim that police commit intentional abuse of these ...

- What is meant by the phrase “the rule of law,” as used in a democratic society? The rule of law (nomocracy) is primarily referent to the law’s authority and influence across the society. This is especially the case with constraints on behavior as well as behavioral influence of various government officials. The phrase traces back to mid 16th century, and was popularized in the 20th century. This aspect became integral to the ancient philosophers including Aristotle. Through him, law needs govern the Rule of law implying that all citizens are under the law of the land. This ...

The role of Roman virtue of clementia, which is synonymous to mercy or pity, in Vergil’s Aeneid has never really been extensively discussed. However, the term has been brought up in connection with the actions of Aeneas in books 10 and 12, and is very important for the general characterization of Aeneas. It should be noted that clementia was probably not one of Vergil’s favorite words since it appears just once in Aeneid, and then at 2.603-603, surprising it appears as inclementia, which is synonymous to unmerciful. Thus, it can be assumed that Vergil had never intended ...

King Brothers and Lionel Tate

Background King Brothers and Lionel Tate: Lionel Tate, was convicted of the July 28, 1999 murder of 6 year old Tiffany Eunick who was punched, kicked, stomped, and thrown to death (See Wrestling, 2001). The injuries Tiffany suffered as a result of the beating included “a fractured skull, a lacerated liver, and more than 30 other injuries” (Wrestling, 2001). At the time of the incident Lionel Tate was 12 years old and weighed 170 pounds. As a result of his role in Ms. Eunick’s death, Lionel Tate was charged with first degree murder. A part of his defense, his attorney tried ...

Prior the Revolutionary War of between 1775 and 1783, Britain was in control of its American colony, much to the chagrin of the latter. With the colonization came laws of governance imposed on the Americans as a form of dominance by the British forces. With the forced management and the increasing need for independence among the colonized nation, the resulting tense relations were inevitable if not expected. Boston city was no different as its people continued to repel the presence of the Britons in its society. Consequently, on March 5, 1770, a confrontation between people from both sides, in Boston Massachusetts, ...

Define what a prosecutor is.

A prosecutor is a person mostly with specialization in law who institutes legal proceedings against a party. A prosecutor is a lawyer who stands the court side that accuses a person of some crime and tries to prove the guilt of the defendant. Within the American criminal justice system, Prosecutors are important officials. Attorneys serve as a bridge between criminals and justice. They respond to various crime problems through the efficient processing of criminal cases. In most jurisdictions whether foreign or local, prosecutors dispense their duties through coordination with different security sectors and the public (Blanchard, Hart, & Blanchard, 2006). Prosecutors decide, based on ...

1. One ethical concern associated with psychological testing is biases of researchers that may infiltrate the test in the form of leading or suggestive questions. Personal values or beliefs can influence psychologists when creating or administering tests. Corporate funding can also cause bias and restrictions among researchers, because the goals of corporations are often for profit more than for open-minded empirical results. For example, drug companies strive to develop newer drugs that can prove to have better results; but the drive for higher sales, or deadlines for results should not affect the efficacy of psychological testing. Another ethical ...

Inappropriate Behavior

Business Inappropriate Behavior

Harassment proscribed under law includes ‘unwelcome sexual advances, requests for sexual favors, and other verbal or physical harassment of a sexual nature’ (US Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, n.d.a.). Marwan’s actions against his co-worker involved an unwelcome sexual advance. Title VII of the US Civil Rights Act prohibits Marwan’s conduct with his fellow worker.

Applicability to Park Guests

According to the US Equal Opportunity Commission, the culpability of being tried under Title VII of the United States Civil Rights Act of 1964 for sexual harassment is extended to the victim’s supervisor, a different supervisor in the firm, a co-worker, ...

As highlighted by the United States penal code, murder is classified as a crime. Whether it is in the first degree, second or third, it is still a crime that is punishable by law. In addition, armed robbery is a felony that is considered serious in nature because it poses a danger to the victims. In addition, murder can be classified into instigated murder under manslaughter. Criminal acts are acts that are against the law. The criminal act in question is a case that involved the murder of two store owners during a robbery incident in a Chicago store. The robbery was done by a man called ...

Domestic violence in the world all over is one of the largest social problems and the solutions to the problem still remain elusive. The main challenge facing domestic violence cases is their prevalence and underreporting despite being spread out in the social classes. Occasionally, the battered partner in an abusive relationship lashes out and may inflict harm or even kill their partner in the process (Dowd, 1991). The battered woman defense is a defense that can be used in such cases. It is also called the battered person syndrome or the battered women syndrome, its female connotation arises from the ...

Abstract

No one should have to endure and experience the death of a child, particularly when a child is such an early age. However, there are factors that would tend to redirect the focus of the death of the child to more scientific reasons rather than just mere negligence. True, there are situations that criminal angles are factors in the death of these infants, but whether these were in control of their faculties’ remains to be discussed. The paper seeks to determine the reasons behind “sudden infant death syndrome,” the possible scientific and legal foundations, and when can these be separated from ...