Essays on Capitalism

Assignment 5

The Marxist theory of surplus value speaks against capitalism and all political ideologies that support a market economy. The theory suggests that, in a capitalist society, commodity prices are determined by the inputs employed in the manufacturing process of goods and services. A worker provides his services to produce a commodity for which the owners of the means of production earn revenue. They pay their workers a very small amount for their labor and keep the major chunk of the profits with themselves. Therefore, the laborers are exploited, and their efforts are not recognized the way they should be; Continue reading...

Since the ancient times, it is visible that there is always a gap between societies that often divides them into two or more distinct groups. There are countries that have more political and economic capability than other countries, while there are countries that are better in social stability. In terms of people, they are mostly divided through their financial capability, educational attainment and upbringing, which would then determine as to whether or not they can keep up with the modern world. As far as technology is concerned, people are yet again divided over their capacity to know and afford Continue reading...

Chuck Palahniuk’s debut novel Fight Club is one of the most well-known and incendiary novels about the postmodern male, describing a frenetic journey by the book’s unnamed narrator to reclaim his manhood. Over the course of the novel, the narrator pairs up with charismatic id figure Tyler Durden to achieve catharsis and reinvigorating his life through unlicensed ‘fight clubs’ in which characters can beat each other senseless in order to feel alive. The depictions of violence in the novel are gruesome and immediate, showing both their appeal to the characters and the underlying weaknesses in their ideology. Continue reading...

Arthur Mills is a famous author who has capability to attract the peculiar feelings of the every reader who enjoys reading books and wish to feel author’s illustration power. The play Death of a Salesman written by Arthur Miller in the Aristotelian sense is a classic tragedy. It brings empty capitalism’s promises, the American dreams materialistic version and a sense of capitalism critique. It is a tragic play written by Arthur Miller. It is commonly known as the first tragedy of Modern American society. It is based on the foundations, values and moral principles of the American Continue reading...

In economics, capitalism and socialism are opposing trains of thought that many either misunderstand or sometimes confuse. It can be difficult, with the different economic and political structures, to understand them or differentiate between each one. In the center of the argument about capitalism and socialism is the role of government and economic equality. For example, socialists believe economic equality is bad while socialism is based on a free market. There are also many differences in the systems that naysayers have described as shortcomings.
Joseph A. Schumpeter’s book, “Capitalism, Socialism, and Democracy” reveals many shortcomings in both political Continue reading...

Introduction

Market capitalism refers to a market in which things like distribution, investment, and production are influenced by demand and supply forces. As such, the prices of both services and goods can be established in an economy with a price system that is free. Alternatively, it can be defined as an economic system where the industry and the country’s trade are controlled by the private sector without any sort of interference from the state. On the other hand, market socialism is one where methods of production and other economic activities are socially owned or publicly owned such as cooperatives. Continue reading...

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Capitalism vs. Socialism
Capitalism and socialism are the two most widely used economic systems in the world. Capitalism is based on private ownership and enables individual accumulation of wealth, while Socialism is based on collective ownership and wealth distribution. Even though socialism offer some benefits such as, less disparity between the rich and the deprived, and wealth and progress of a nation is shared among the citizens, on comparing both the ideologies capitalism emerges as the most preferable way of governance.
Winston Churchill once famous said, “The inherent virtue of socialism is the equal sharing of miseries." His Continue reading...

In the midst of a globalized world, it becomes vital to appreciate the varying types of economies carried by different nations and cultures. When examining the effects and attributes of capitalism as a whole, it is necessary to understand that not all capitalisms are created equal. Two basic types of capitalism exist: liberal market economies (LME) and coordinated market economies (CME) (Hall and Soskice 2001, p. 8). However, within these two major groupings there are many different types of capitalism, which all have their differences that make their particular brand of society unique. There are several major forms of Continue reading...

In the light of the high capitalist failures in most countries, I would like to live in the Socialist country. This is so because socialism has proven to be the only viable solution to the fundamental crisis confronting humanity, such as income inequality, lack of education, gender inequality and poor living standards among others. Most people think that socialism is necessarily inferior to capitalism, but there is no clear evidence that the socialist countries performed worse than the capitalist countries based on economic growth. However, there is evidence that the socialist countries met the population’s basic needs better Continue reading...

Introduction

Capitalism refers to a form of political and economic system where country's trade and industry is manned by the private sector, rather the government. Every society is characterized by an uneven distribution of wealth and income. The speculated thoughts help a small percentage of the people in the society to gain control over the majority in the country. Therefore, the minority must, be able to find ways in which they sustain their status quo within the society. The majority group uses myriad ways to battle and be at the top of the prestige minority class. For instance, they convince Continue reading...

Term Paper of Introduction to International Relations Theory

This term paper is going to deal with the concept of globalization and inequality. The terms ‘globalization’ and ‘inequality’ are going to be well defined and their minor relation identified. After that, the relation of the two terms with capitalism in the liberation theory is going to be well examined.
Globalization as a concept in today’s world is very wide. Technology has made the world a global village whereby everybody can connect with each other no matter where they are (Haugen 33). Thus, it is of great importance to establish whether it promotes inequality in terms of age, Continue reading...

Edward Bellamy was an economist who disliked the socio-economic conditions because many laborers got a subsistence pay. Bellamy wrote a book called Looking Backward, which focuses on Julian West who is an upperclassman, lived in Boston. It is important to note that Bellamy lived during the industrial revolution in the US. His book talks of West being induced to sleep because of his chronic Insomnia. The author records accounts of laborers striking because the capitalists and the landlords enjoyed all the profits and interests respectively. Bellamy writes, “The producers of the nineteenth century were not, like ours, working together Continue reading...

The Communist Manifesto was written by Karl Marx with the help of Friedrich Engels in the year 1848. It has been acclaimed as one of the world’s most influential writings. In the manifesto, Marx analyses the historical class struggle and the problems that have been brought by capitalism. He also presents his theories on the nature of society and its political intrigues. These theories should be looked at in the context of people suffering because of the hardships they had to face in order to survive. This happened in the18th and 19th century England, France and Germany. The Continue reading...

When examining the effects and attributes of capitalism as a whole, it is necessary to understand that not all capitalism is created equal. There are many different types of capitalism, which all have their differences that make their particular brand of society unique. There are several major forms of capitalism: mercantilism, free-market capitalism, social market economy, state capitalism, and corporate capitalism, all working toward the idea that societies run on the exchange of goods and services.
Mercantilism is one of the earliest forms of capitalism, and is mostly identified by the give and take of trade between nations (Aizenman Continue reading...

Reflection on Economic & Philosophical Manuscripts By Karl Marx

Marx in his essay Scientific Socialism speaks of labor as alien to the laborer. He says that he labors, but does not “affirm himself in his labor.” The labor becomes separate from both him and his life. This is the central theme of the essay and also the point of his writing. While communism, the governmental system that stemmed from Marx, may not have worked out as he envisioned, his disquietude with the capitalist controllers of production were valid. The solution others proposed from his work did not work out, as in China and Russia. But given the time Continue reading...

Final Integration Paper

Final Integration Paper

Question 1

Capitalist relations in the society contribute to the development of a number of infectious diseases. This tendency began in 1400 when capitalism started to develop at fast pace. On each stage of capitalism development so called “signature diseases” emerged. For example, “Bubonic plague in the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries emerged as a result of the opening of trade routes to Asia, carried by merchants and warriors from the middle of the then world system west to Europe and east to China.” (Robbins, ch. 8). Urbanization processes started at that time when industrialization processes initiated by manufacturers Continue reading...

Essay

The free market system (capitalism) and a command system (communism/socialism)
The economy of any country functions as an independent, a large system, which includes many different activities. Different economic systems of the world differ in their ideologies, as well as in their approach to solving the problems of the economy. The main elements of the economic system are the socio-economic relations, organizational forms of economic activity, the economic mechanism and specific economic relations between economic actors. In the past two centuries diverse economic systems acted in the world. Among them are clearly distinguished the two market system - free Continue reading...

Worker Alienation in a Modern Economy

The term “worker alienation” was coined by Karl Marx decades ago. Built on the principles of capitalism and socialism, it addresses the concept that workers feel apart from the products of their labor. The result is a loss of his sense of humanity. In a capitalist society, exploitation of the worker exists through selling his labor and not the product of his labor. His labor is sold as through it were an intangible product. The product is sold and the profit goes to the capitalist. The proletariat now owns neither his labor nor the product it produced; however, he Continue reading...

- Throughout this course we have analyzed the class structure, monopoly capitalism (the dual economy), economic concentration of the media, the increasing essential role of advertising in these processes, and the relation between the capitalist class and the state. How have these structures and processes evolved with the introduction of the internet as part of the US communications infrastructure? Has it significantly changed the political economic structure of capitalism to call it "revolutionary"? Has it moved journalism any closer to serving as a public good in achieving the normative goals of democratic communications theory noted below?

Introduction:
The internet Continue reading...

“For Marxism, literature does not exist in some timeless, aesthetic realm as an object to be passively contemplated. Rather, like all cultural manifestations, it is a product of the socioeconomic and hence ideological conditions of the time and the place in which it was written, whether or not the author intended it so. Because human beings are themselves products of their socioeconomic and ideological environment, it is assumed that authors cannot help but create works that embody ideology in some form.”
-Tyson, Critical Theory Today.
War of the Worlds, the novel about the Martian invasion on earth is such Continue reading...

The globalization is a process related to increase of the role of external factors (economic, social and cultural) in the functioning of all countries, which leads to the formation of a single world market without national barriers and the establishment of common legal and cultural terms for all countries. As a special phase of international relations, it was born a few decades ago, however, due to the huge spread of political bias in the modern world of science and politics, a single universally accepted definition of the globalization does not exist; existing formulations are descriptive or mutually exclusive.
The Continue reading...

The American Dream is the ‘soul of еру American politics.’ The notion stems from the Declaration of Independence, the text of which says that all people are equal and have an unalienable rights granted to everyone. The right to life, the right to liberty and the right to pursuit of happiness are among them. The striving for happiness is the American dream (Kamp, 2009).
The spirit of the American Dream is the belief that every person, if he/she works hard, this person would be able to achieve the well-being, which he/she deserves, because he/she has all the possibilities. By implication, Continue reading...

Summary

The book, “Adam Smith in Beijing,” was written by Giovanni Arrighi. In his work, Giovanni portrays how China has extraordinarily risen over the years hence inviting the reassessment of the concept of “The Wealth of Nations”. In the eighteenth century, Adam Smith made predictions that eventually there would be equalization of power existing between the West and the territories conquered by the West. The book vividly explains the growth of capitalism from the days of Iberian Peninsula, Genoa, Venice, the Dutch Empire, the Spanish empire to today’s United States. Thus, the book provides a detailed explanation of the Continue reading...

German Revolution 1918-1919

Abstract
The paper seeks to discuss the famous German revolution of 1918 to 1919 that led to the adoption of the system of republicanism by the German government (Haswell, Ralph, 12). There were different schools of thought accrued to the ideas that shaped the aspect of the revolution. Some of the thoughts were documented in a sourcebook that discussed the revolution and subsequent birth of a German republican government. The paper will look at the different schools of thought from the Spartacus manifesto, Heinrich Mann, and Rosa Luxemburg. They had a consensus on the purpose of the revolution, which Continue reading...

Answer 1

According to Stearns, the year 1000 CE can be considered as a marker from which globalization can be traced forward. Though no significant changes took place in the particular year itself, it was followed in the coming years by what can be considered as the history of globalization. Many important events had already took place before the year 1000 CE and these intensified their impact over the next centuries. One of the basis of his arguments is that before 1000CE, the factors which influences the lives of people and the social institutions were isolated and not related to each Continue reading...

The Capitalist Culture

Culture is the most active element that charges the human civilization to further branched out and cut across all the aspect of life such as technology. In the capitalist world, there is a great desire towards the novel and original. This continuous search for novelty and change surpasses the extent of proportions of actual change that has occurred in the society. Further, this cultural desire is already being legitimized, such that the society accepts the role to see the culture as a norm and a moral tradition where the emerging new culture could be sized up and be critically Continue reading...

1. Five steps of Persuasion
The key to effective persuasion is excellent communication while influencing. Persuasion is not about being abrasive or aggressive. Persuasion predominantly means the ability to influence and convince the audience on the merit of the idea, without being disrespectful. Monroe’s Motivated Sequence of Persuasion steps are as follows:
- Attention – Attention is getting somebody to listen to your argument and engaging their focus, like using their name, emotion, physical touch when appropriate, etc.
- Need – Having caught the attention to sustain the focus, it is essential that you voice the need in a way Continue reading...

The industrial revolution was supposed to make changes in engineering, technology and organization of production. However, it had great social consequences. First of all, it had intensified the class structure of society, formed the industrial working class and industrial bourgeoisie. Latter, this event took over the power of dominant position in the economy and society. The structure of the bourgeoisie was modified in the different way. Instead of buyers the main role in the bourgeois society was devoted to manufacturers.
Significant changes have occurred in the organization and working conditions on the factories. By the middle of the XIX Continue reading...

Different societies differ in way they uphold certain values in the society. There are some that disregard educating the girl child while others advocate for equality for all. Some of the features to be identified with a just society would be; provision of social amenities, better health care and quality education. When a community embraces the above attributes, it is able to grow economically and socially (Ogundọwọle, E. 2004). The leaders should take it upon themselves to facilitate equal distribution of the natural resource. It can guarantee this by providing free or subsidized health care facilities.
Economic Continue reading...

Within our societies, we have poor as well as rich people. There are a number of reasons why the gap between the rich and poor keeps on widening. Several critics have said that we are living in a society that has been termed as man eats man society. It is a capitalistic society. In this kind of society, each and every person wants the best for him or herself. Little or no consideration is given to the neighbour. It has led to the famous epitome, everybody for himself, God for us all.
When analyzed critically, it is realized that Continue reading...

In the 1840’s through to 1850’s there was industrial revolution and commercialization of agriculture. This brought with it social problems majorly being some members of the society amercing wealth while others lived in poverty. This paper seeks to compare between response to the manifesto of the communists by Marx and Engels and that by Walden by Thoreau. It specifically looks at what were the problems in their view and what were the possible solutions.
Marx and Engels viewed the greatest problem that faced the world at their time as class conflict. Classes according to them arose when Continue reading...

This paper looks at the theory created by these two that argued that various factors led to the cultural chaos that are present in the world today. The paper compares the line of thought that Adorno and Horkheimer had to the idea that Susman had about culture. The views that Adorno and Horkheimer had on mass culture show a form of primitive and reductive thinking on their part. These factors include loss of support for objectively formed religion, destruction of pre-capitalism and social differentiation and technological differences. The two created a critic of mass society. Many people disagree with Continue reading...

INTRODUCTION

The Great Depression, which hit the US in the late 1920s and was largely blamed on the Hoover Administration policies, ushered in the landslide victory of Franklin D. Roosevelt and the Democrats in 1932. The Hoover policy of raising tariffs of goods entering the US was created to please American farmers, but it boomeranged against the US when many governments imposed retaliatory tariff policies against its exports. This, in effect, started a domino effect that caused the Great Depression (Saint-Etienne 11-16). As businesses went bankrupt and many found themselves unemployed, the landslide victory of Roosevelt and the Democrats was, Continue reading...

The definition of capital may take different directions. Some people refer to capital as the ability to gather money and other resources for investments. It is a valuable production element that requires extensive effort to acquire. However, some people argue of capital as a process and not a thing. There are unique arguments that may support the argument of capital as a process.
Capital is a major requirement for the start of the business. However, it does not have to be collected in a fortnight. It is impossible to find a business that relies on the initial capital. At Continue reading...

The definition of capital may take different directions. Some people refer to capital as the ability to gather money and other resources for investments. It is a valuable production element that requires extensive effort to acquire. However, some people argue of capital as a process and not a thing. There are unique arguments that may support the argument of capital as a process.
Capital is a major requirement for the start of the business. However, it does not have to be collected in a fortnight. It is impossible to find a business that relies on the initial capital. At Continue reading...

The critical review of “Capitalism: A Love Story”

Introduction
The need to create wealth is consuming humanity with the passage of time. The Wall Street is sharing a psyche of too much risk taking. The work calls the behavior of investors as casino mentality that causes adrenaline levels to increase in humans, and they receive direct dosage of the chemical straight to the heart. The investors experience addiction of the natural stimulant. The capitalism is based on the need to create social divides in the society. The social divides are created out of the economic inequality in the community. Human development does not occur because all of Continue reading...

Bertolt Brecht has long been viewed as one of the first practitioners of what is known as the epic form of theater, in which he sought to bring novel changes to drama, breaking away from the conventional forms. These alterations were part of an attempt to bring significant change to society at large. In this particular case, Brecht created a new aesthetic that was designed to usher in a Marxist revolution; indeed, his entire purpose in life was to free humanity from the material form of suffering. In The Good Person of Szechwan, the viewer sees the ways in Continue reading...

Mercantilism is an economic system in which a country exploits its colonies. The country’s aim is to control natural resources and harvest the fruits of the colonies’ labors; it basically maximizes exports and minimizes imports. The successful adoption of this economic system can be attributed to Adam Smith and John Locke and those aristocrats who recognized the benefits it provided. Mercantilism differed from other economic systems like capitalism and socialism because it focused on wealth for those who had things to sell. Capitalism is an economic system that is based on means of production and distribution owned by Continue reading...

Progressivism was a reform movement that started in the late 19th century and lasted up to the early years of the 20th century. This period was marked by social, economic, and political problems resulting from industrialization and urbanization caused by capitalism in America. Progressives wanted to create a lasting solution to these problems. This paper focuses on progressives' efforts to create a strong democratic system in America as an answer to the problems caused by modern capitalism.
Progressives believed that modern capitalism marked the end of an order and the beginning of a new one. They advocated for a Continue reading...

Section 1: What is the something else that DeSoto argues is necessary for a capitalist economy to produce wealth? Choose and explain one example or counter example used by DeSoto to make his case. 
The developed capitalist economies have the wealth to produce more financial resources for the investors. The individuals in the developed countries have houses, lands, and many other assets depending on those they can produce financial resources through the developed financial markets to make relatively more and more investments. Consequently, according to DeSoto, the capital is the most influential factor to be relatively more competitive in Continue reading...