Essays on Absolutism

“Happiness Principle holds that actions are right in proportion as they tend to promote happiness, wrong, as they tend to produce the reverse of happiness. By happiness are intended pleasure, and the absence of pain; by unhappiness, pain, and the privation of pleasure.” Utilitarianism is to maximize happiness and reduce suffering; it is to maximize utility.

The core principle of utilitarianism is the greatest happiness principle. It promotes the ability to achieve happiness or higher pleasures for the most amounts of people. The significance of happiness has already been recognized, as all men agreed that ...

Why is the Renaissance considered the Age of Rebirth?

OR, if you are so inclined, watch this video and, combined with the material you read from the text, consider Machiavelli's Prince and tackle one of the following prompts.

1. Consider legality vs. morality as expressed by Machiavelli and any other ideologies present at the time, discuss how it is similar or different than political/legal practice today, and explore any legal issues/themes that strike your interests about it or related works.

2. Consider the impact that Machiavelli's theories and their practice might have and/or did have on the economic climate, ...

A Consequentialist is someone who believes that an action is only wrong or right depending on the nature of outcomes of the action. When consequences of the action are morally acceptable to the society, it means that the action is right thus; a person committing the action is has upright morals. On the contrary, an action is wrong when the consequences are ethically negative, and the person responsible for the action is deemed wrong. For instance, the case a driver preferring to kill one person crossing a road to save lives of many passengers on board could be argued ...

People propose moral relativism on psychological grounds. The psychological reasons include psychological conclusions while subjective personal motives normally form powerful moral relativism sources as compared to the logical considerations. People consider moral relativism as objective logical arguments. The main motive for relativism is people’s deep desire to achieve happiness. In addition, fears correspond to the fundamental desires within. It is rather probable that such fear for moral absolutism makes people unhappy through making them feel even guiltier. For this reason, moral absolutism becomes unloving and uncompassionate. This good morality component has positive consequences while bad morality bears negative ...

Before Alexis de Tocqueville wrote the book “Democracy in America,” the problem of “tyranny of the majority” had hit the American society in such a way that the majority enjoyed the sovereignty of the minority. It was until after the French revolution that most scholars such as John Stuart Mill and Tocqueville opted to devise mechanisms through which they would adopt in reducing and preventing the sustainability of the vice. This is because the minority groups from various religion and races had become slaves in such a way that they could not influence any problem solving or decision-making process ...

The possibility of a “tyranny of the majority” is emphasized in the de Tocqueville reading and also in Madison’s Federalist Paper #10. When comparing and contrasting both author’s thoughts on tyranny of the majority, you come across de Tocqueville’s feelings towards a democracy and Madison’s feelings towards a democracy too, both authors seem to follow the same goals but instinctively it really falls on the author that feels the majority is overbearing. De Tocqueville felt that a society that was comprised of equal citizens shouldn’t just depend on the majority being right, since they ...

Philosophy

Interpretation involves more than just representing information. It is a process of communication that intends to reveal in depth meanings to the information. It is a communication tactic whereby data gets translated from a technical language to an easily understandable language. Interpretation requires one to be interactive with the audience and begins by passing information that will raise their curiosity to know more. Understanding how they learn things will help in interpreting to them in such a way that they will hardly forget. According to Veverka, in his paper concerning interpretation, people will appreciate interpretation more if it communicates ...

In the 2008 film Die Welle (The Wave) directed by Dennis Gansel and produced by Rat Pack Film and Christian Becker, high school teacher Rainer Wenger (portrayed by Jürgen Vogel) challenged his students about the possibility of an authoritarian government in modern Germany. To prove its possibility, he provoked his students to being his blind Nazi followers while he plays as the dictator "Herr Wenger". It was an experiential experiment gone astray but a subtle and touching revelation on the transcendence of fascism in contemporary time. For Rainer, it started as an innocent class strategy in teaching Autocracy ...

Introduction

Tyranny of majority is a phrase used by Alexis de Tocqueville in the book Democracy in America. Tocqueville used this phrase to imply a situation where the majority uses their influence to victimize or oppress the minority. Tyranny of majority presents a scenario where if the majority influences all matters in the society then the rights of the individuals and the minority will be vulnerable. Tocqueville argues that, tyranny of majority is comparable to a modified form of dictatorship where the majority oppresses the minority. It is a dangerous system of democracy and should be discouraged to avoid manipulation ...

The statement “Democracy is the best form of government for all the world’s inhabitants” may sound good as a theory but in reality there are many complications standing on the way of a country fully run by democracy. Theoretically democracy is a political system in which common people have the right to choose their government through fair elections. People have sovereign power and they can decide who would represent them in the parliament and who would be their leaders in national and state level. Democracy is of three types - participatory, direct or referendums and representative. Many countries ...

In absolutism, the sovereign power of a certain country or state rests in the hands of a monarch, a king or a queen, the “claims to rule by divine right” (Spielvogel 427). In the 16th century, absolutist states are ruled by kings. In an absolutist society, the king is sovereign and all powerful and they are answer only to one other entity which is God. In the 16th to 17th century, citizens in Europe have already some idea what the state and being a citizen means. The state is seen as a political body where citizens are subject to ...

Thomas Ertman identified four types of territorial states in early modern Europe, all of which faced significant strains, challenges from below and demands for change that finally culminated in the French Revolution of 1789. Even Britain, which had already experienced two revolutions in the 17th Century that overthrow the absolutist monarchy and established the principle of parliamentary supremacy, underwent significant strains and conflicts at that time, with demands for greater democracy in political and economic life. Britain’s bureaucratic constitutionalism, which had replaced the absolute Tudor and Stuart monarchies, managed to weather the storm more or less intact (Ertman ...

Abstract

In the framework of the modern merge between philosophy and economic theory, two opposite theories of socio-economic development of human civilization are of specific interest. The first concept theory is Mill’s perception of the liberalism and its further contribution to formation of free market system. The second one is classical Marx’s theory of socialism, which should save humanity from social stratification and anarchy of the free market. In order to understand the correlation between those two concepts and realize what might be wrong about liberty, Mill’s work “On Liberty” will be analyzed from the perspective of ...

Philosophy

Empiricism vs. Absolutism William James and Charles Sanders Peirce are both credited for their philosophical conceptualization of “pragmatism” in the late 19th century. (Point 304) Charles Peirce was hailed the “father of pragmatism” (“Pragmatism”) as he initiated the idea, while James propagated it (Point 304). Though the two philosophical fathers differ in the scope of their definition of pragmatism (Point 304), both agree that pragmatism is the philosophy that the truth is proven by practical means, to say in the simplest amd, perhaps, inadequate words. It is a breath of fresh air from philosophical ideas of pursuing the truth ...

Introduction

“Animal Farm” was written by George Orwell. It is a satire and political literature. The original title of the novel is “Animal Farm: A Fairy Story” that proves it as a fable written with a purpose. However, the author did a wonderful attempt to present the political crisis and tyrannical government through a story of animals in a farm. It is a dystopian and allegorical novel. Orwell’s intention is to reflect Russian Revolution and reign of Stalin in Soviet Union. The novel is about the life of animals in a farm. They wanted to rebel and save themselves ...

Through different methods of justification, we can reach conclusions in ethics that are as well-supported as those provided in mathematics.' To what extent would you agree? As the question indicates, the two areas of knowledge, mathematics and ethics, should be considered and revised thoroughly. Firstly, I would like to define the key words which are going to be analyzed in this essay. Mathematics can be defined as the abstract science of number, quantity and space. This definition of mathematics is quite clear. However, the definition for ethics is much more complex. As the word 'ethics' comes from Greek, it ...

1. It has been argued that it is "irrational" to vote and "irrational" to become informed about politics. Explain fully how these conclusions are derived. What factors, e.g., political factors or behavior, promote voting and/or reduce the costs of voting and getting informed? Use concrete examples to explain if, why and how people become informed about politics and vote. There have been several arguments about voting and some people have argued out that it is unreasonable to vote and become informed about politics. Such arguments are based on the nature of politics and the occurrences of events in the ...

Settling a peaceful life in a tempestuous place is possible or not?

Settling a peaceful life in a tempestuous place is possible or not? Inner realization and solace is a component aspired by every individual of present times. The very search is the objective of my present state in life. I searched books and scholarly reading of poetry and religious scripts. The vision of realization was obvious but the essence of sensation in person was distant away. The very thought when searched in readings illusify verified opinions. However, the approach to attain the state of solace and self realization in my opinion can be consolidated in the theory illustrated below; Spiritual ...

Introduction

Plato in his work The Republic dialogues with other great thinkers of his era in an endeavor to develop a perfect governance system. In the dialogue, various elements of the government become prominent. The key elements are justice and leadership of the city. The dialogue seeks debate on and develops a system of governance or a city where there are minimal disputes and perfect leadership. The main argument in the platonic dialogue is that the other governments that Plato approached with varying scorn were ineffective in running a state; on their stead, Plato proposed his version on a republic. ...

The Ox-Bow Incident is an American western movie directed in 1943 by William Wellman and based on the novel by Walter van Tilburg Clark. The movie became a classic due to its original storyline different from the usual western movie plots. The movie is nowadays considered a movie classic due to its historical value and the importance of the message it delivers. Usually, the theme of the westerns revolved around morality and justice enforced or restored by a single character, classically a cowboy. The theme of The Ox-Bow Incident, however, is a tragic one, as not only the injustice ...

- Introduction: The Second Amendment is crucial to the very nature of American democracy. - First point: The framers of the constitution wrote the constitution under the assumption that the most important governing document would not let government pass restrictions that would prevent free citizens from owning a firearm. - Second Point: Media coverage is often slanted on the issue, with different media fighting with each other instead of offering objective viewpoints on the issue. - Third Point: Self-defense, stopping government tyranny, protecting from foreign invasions are three reasons why the government should not pass laws infringing about the ...

Introduction

Politics has its different faces and its presence is felt even in the mainstream media. There are popular songs of our time that conveys political insights that are often concealed by the catchy melodies, unless the lyrics are closely scrutinized. Songs such as “Imagine” by John Lennon and “Redemption Song” by Bob Marley are two examples of politically inspired music. Although both songs are different in genres, one is of reggae while the other one is more of a rock ballad., but their context is the same. The political elements incorporated in the songs of the two great artists ...

Leadership can be perceived as the process through which an individual influences the fashion in which a group of persons is carrying out a specific task. The individual who is central to this process is known as a leader. There is a broad range of traits which a leader should bear for him or her to be effective in leadership. For the purposes of this paper, this discussion shall majorly concentrate on the trait of charisma as a leadership strategy (Elearn, 2007). All leaders ought to be charismatic, as it is a great feature in progressive leaders. This is ...

in the Debate Between Moral Relativism and Moral Absolutism The issue of moral relativism versus moral absolutism is an important one in the history of moral philosophy. Benedicts argues that normality is “culturally defined” and argues that what we think of as right and wrong, good and evil, and moral and immoral varies from culture to culture” (qtd. in Rosenstand, p. 146). This view of moral relativism is that the standards of moral right and wrong are based on the moral code of each culture. On the other hand, Christina Hoff Sommers observes an opposite view that moral objectivity, ...

Introduction

In literature, Colonialism is defined as a practice of dominance, involving the subjugation one person or a group of people to another person or group of persons. Since literature addresses the various issues that are prevalent in the society and colonialism has been one of the historic occurrences in the existence of the world, various authors of literal books have addressed colonialism. Various writers have addressed the issue using different approaches and styles but they all address it as something that is detrimental and brutal issue that have ever existed in history. Colonialism in its existence is not a ...

As a dramaturge in seventeenth-century France, Molière effectively uses a number of literary techniques to criticize religious hypocrites. Under the strict regime of absolutist Louis XIV, Molière wrote plays primarily for the king. However, being a natural dissident, he disguised critique through satire. The play, Le Tartuffe, has become a household name, and the word “tartuffe” has become a common word in French, meaning “hypocrite”. In this play, Orgon, the head of a noble household, is blinded and swindled by a religious hypocrite, named Tartuffe. Tartuffe manages to treat Orgon’s family with disdain, and disrespect, even ...

Nietzsche’s Attitude to Religion

Introduction The German philosopher, Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche is one of the greatest thinkers of the humanity, who inspired school of thoughts, philosophers, psychologists or writers in their work. His philosophy includes remarks to various social, political, economic or religious aspects. Regarding Nietzsche’s religious philosophies, the most prolific are those regarding the Christianity. This research paper proposes to capture a qualitative analysis of Nietzsche’s attitude to religion, with a specific focus on Christianity.

Body – Literature Review

According to Nietzsche’s perception, there are various attitudes on religion, depending on the social status. As such, the rulers see religion as a strategic ...

Summary

The article is about how in popular perception the powers vested in the Prime Minster and his cabinet is deemed to be such that it can be called that we are living in an autocracy. The key theme in the article is about how the concentration of power and the charges of autocracy are justified to a certain extent but not to the type of characterization in the popular press. The author of the article is arguing that there is a need to reform the institution of the prime minister and curtail some of the undemocratic powers that have ...

The United States Senate (2011) uses the term filibustering to refer to the extended debates or any tactics done by Senators to block a measure by preventing a vote. This is an expression of the right to debate and can turn into an endless balderdash which can only be ended by a cloture, which can be invoked by a super-majority of three-fifths of Senatorial votes, not to halt the filibuster, to impose a time limit to possible dilatory motions.

Part I: Origin

The farthest filibustering can be traced in the American history was less than twenty years after its first Constitution was ...

1. Moral Agent The Ford Pinto case is based on the constant explosion of Ford Pinto due to poor and defective fuel systems. The design led to several debates regarding the strategies applied by Ford for cost cutting measures. There was a clear lack of ethics, as the company was unwilling to upgrade the fuel system for the benefit of its customers.

2. Issue The main issue is that Ford was willing to risk safety over reducing production costs, even when the cost for upgrading the fuel system would be $11 per car. ...

Introduction

Abortion refers to the “termination of pregnancy before fetal viability” (Littleton and Engebretson 508). In this definition, a ‘viable fetus’ refers to one that has thrived for at least twenty weeks after conception. Abortion can broadly be classified into two categories: 1. Spontaneous Abortion: Also known as a miscarriage, this type of abortion refers to the termination of pregnancy without human interference (naturally) (Littleton and Engebretson 508). 2. Induced Abortion: This refers to “termination of pregnancy before fetal viability by medical or surgical intervention” (Littleton and Engebretson 508). This category can further be subdivided into two ...

Question 1: Visionary Company

According to Jerry Porras and Jim Collins visionary companies demonstrate a set of characteristics which are a departure from what is the popular myth. Ordinarily, it would be expected that visionary companies would be characterised by the following: presence of a great idea, charismatic and determined leaders, maximization of profits, focus on beating the competitors and the tendency to hire chief executive officers externally.

Contrary to that, Porras and Collins opine that visionary companies are essentially characterised by a number of factors briefly discussed. They insist that visionary companies are premier institutions in their area ...

Although critical of democracy, Tocqueville did recognize that democracy was the form of political arrangement which would most likely be dominant in the future. While democracy could lead to an overall well being, it could also lead to a type of servitude. Examine and evaluate two of the principal means – the notion of self-interest properly understood and the need for associations – which Tocqueville believed are necessary to mitigate against the dangers of equality and democratic society.

Tocqueville’s Idea of Democracy

The criticism of American democracy by Tocqueville can be expressed as “the tyranny of the majority” (Roark, p. 19). This idea has been ...

Introduction

Leadership is a core element to the development of a nation or an organization. It entails the principles that are necessary for the wellbeing of a society. There are various forms of leadership in organizations as well as nations. Among them is aristocratic form of leadership. It is a form of leadership where an individual controls all the decisions with minimal input from the members of the group. Autocratic leaders make choices on the basis of the personal opinions and judgments. Autocratic leaders are irrelevant when their excessive use of power over the group members would mean the failure ...

Cicero, in his work "De Re Publica" wrote that he didn't install his own, new, invented the terms, but reproduce from memory the conversation between renowned wisest men of his country. In turn, these" famous men": Scipio Africanus, Laelius and others - have repeatedly resorted to the wisdom of the ancient Greek philosophers, referring to Plato and Aristotle. Creativity Plato to the present day remains at the focus of researchers of different directions. For historians in particular, his works are interesting primarily as a reflection of the time period when they were written. Aristotle also belongs to the ...

The Cuban Revolution of 1953-1959 played a crucial role in Cuba’s history as it ended another term of tyranny and oppression under Cuban President Fulgencio Batista and the benchmark for Cuban reform. Batista’s regime alienated the country through his strict security infrastructure to silence public demonstrations and linking the country to organized crime syndicates and foreign control. The public did not take Batista’s actions lightly and protested against his regime, calling his resignation in office. The protest did not just come from the working class of Cuba, but also from the younger generation that have been ...

Braveheart is a directorial debut of the Mel Gibson which he starred himself set in the 13th century features the life of William Wallace, a Scottish patriot who together with Robert the Bruce tried to unify the people to fight for their freedom from the English who were taking their lands and oppressed them. All throughout the movie, accounts of how William experienced the tyranny of the English were shown which contributed to his great desire for freedom. This movie does not only show want for freedom but also demonstrates emotions of love. It is an epic movie slightly ...

1. Why did you pick your speech?

The main reason I chose this speech is that despite it being 52 years old its’ message is still significant today. This speech focuses on vices, hardships and terrors which we currently face today and were faced in the yester years. The speech is direct, simple and eloquent. Its message is concise; it is the fourth shortest inaugural speech delivered, 13 minutes and 59 second. However, it is ranked by historians as one of the best inaugural speeches of all time (Grier, 2011). I was also drawn to this speech because ...

Background of the Case

In 2007, Peoples Company acquired a large manufacturing plant from Lexington, Inc. The new manufacturing plant was run by one of Peoples' subsidiary companies, Choice Manufacturing LLC. They built upon the acquired management team, diversified the client base and made significant investments in the plan. Choice Manufacturing LLC has consistently exceeded expectations for Peoples Company. Since acquiring the new plant from Lexington, they have been able to attract new non-Lexington types of manufacturing. They also considered taking the company public. Choice Manufacturing was the premier business until they ran into a cash flow crisis two and a half years ...

Question 1. According to Machiavelli, power is the main means of ruling which can support ruler’s authority and influence on the subordinates. In this sense, he contradicts with the statement of his predecessors suggesting that kingdom should be ruled on the basis of morality and that the ruler should be an example of morality and goodness. In Machiavellian interpretation, the ruler might be good and moral to the point when he should secure his power and control over the kingdom. In acquisition of power, morality of means is irrelevant, only final result matters. Question 2. The ethics of ...

Moral and cultural relativism attempts to draw the relationship between the differences contained in moral judgments and cultural practices across diverse cultures. It supposes that what is right or wrong, or what is moral or not moral can only be determined through a subjective approach as what is moral or right to one person may not necessarily be so to the other. Allan Bloom in his book The choosing of the American mind; How Higher Education Has Failed Democracy and Impoverished The souls of Today’s Students(1987) explains that an average American Student is a moral relativist and ...

Introduction

Terrorism has been a long-standing problem of globalization, with radical militant groups inflicting coercion upon civilians to push for political, social and religious goals. Arguably, however, terrorism has reached its zenith in recent times when the September 11, 2001 (9/11) attacks in the United States (US) happened. The intensity of the attacks cast the image of the US as the most powerful nation in the world into serious doubt, considering the fatal breach of security involved (Kean, 2004).

Undoubtedly, 9/11 shook the US towards creating new strategies to counter future cases of terrorism. ...

History 1745, US History to 1865

Summer Session, 2015

Introduction

Thomas Paine wrote “Common Sense” in the first month of 1776, and by the end of the year, it had sold 150,000 copies throughout America, constituting itself as the country’s first “best seller”. In this pamphlet, he put forth all the arguments that had been built up by the time, regarding the Colonies’ right to independence, and the evils of absolutist monarchy. The ideas of Natural Laws, and the roles and limitations of the Government, which are expressed in this document, were in wide circulation in the educated circles at the time, and even ...

The founding fathers of this nation pieced together Constitutional guarantees for the citizens of the land to protect them from anarchy and tyranny. They had just overthrown the yoke of the most vilianous colonial regime in Great Britain. They were also determined that no American citizen should ever be subject to such tyranny especially in the name of the law. Hence, we have our Constitutional Amendments. The Fifth Amendment allows a citizen not to testify in court if the information would be self-incriminating. The Sixth Amendment allows citizens to the right to have their day in court. They are ...

Nineteen Eighty-Four (1984) is a political fiction written by George Orwell and published by Secker and Warburg in 1949. Even if its title shows a later year, this was just a futuristic foreshadow of what would become of the society several years later. In this fiction, Orwell discusses about the social and political issues affecting the society at the time. As a prolific writer, Orwell was quite critical and bold in his writings. He could use his literary skills to reflect on the major issues facing humanity. In this paper, a critical analysis is given about how 1984 was ...

""Do Thin Models Warp Girls' Body Image?"-Analytic Response" StudyMode.com. 03 2013. 2013. 03 2013 <http://www.studymode.com/essays/Do-Thin-Models-Warp- Girls%27-Body-1542353.html>.

Do Thin Models Warp Girls’ Body Image? (705)

Models have followers and fans in the name of young girls who are driven into wanting to look like a particular model. However, the course of a model’s life is not an easy one that an ordinary girl would love to walk through. According to research, the issue of body has outgrown with time so that, when a girl is growing, there is one particular look that she would love to appear in. Take for instance, the cheerleaders in ...

Democracy, Rights, and Empire

Thesis Europe has seen it all; revolutions, plague, recession, famine, revolts, and invasions, and this was why, when opportunity came knocking at their doors, the few powerful nations of Europe, adventured to expand and control their business interests far from their shores. In order to understand how and why this transpired, one needs to go back in time and understand Europe as it was in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries.

Background

The Rise of Europe between 1500 and 1850 was largely accounted for by the growth of European nations which shared their borders with the Atlantic, and in particular, by ...

An individual is the basic unit of society for most Western democracies. As such, laws and the execution of laws (one form of justice) in these societies focus on individual rights. Justice can be seen as two parts. Justice is one sense is reparations, or punishment that a society inflicts upon an individual. This essay looks at texts of Martin Luther King, Sigmund Freud and Thomas Jefferson in order to ascertain each of their guiding philosophies on what consisted of individual rights and justice. Each of them falls in line in a very particular philosophical school of thought with ...

Human beings have always been social creatures. Often, religious organizations represent the fundamental level at which a society operates and instills the values of that society in its members. As Girard noted, religious ritual and sacrifice has played an important role in the prevention of violence in all human societies, both prehistoric and contemporary (45). In the discussion of human culture throughout history, there has always been a marked difference between the social norms that highly religious, rural societies adopt and those of more secular, urban societies. While urban societies are noted for their ability to produce technological progress ...

Introduction

The passage from the Republic by Plato is prone to different interpretations. To gain full comprehension of the passage the reader is obliged to delve deep into the platonic debate between Socrates and Glaucon. The trajectory of the argument according to Plato, was that democracies are governments ran by fools. The principal argument in the discussion was that democracies elect courses of action without a coherent understanding of the matter they are handling. The overriding argument was that only those who are fully experienced in statecraft should be allowed to rule. ‘Socrates argued that the cobbler and the medical ...

Introduction

One of the earliest tenets of the American government is the need for checks and balances in order to maintain a sense of equality and fairness in the choices being made for the American people. The US Constitution implements the separation of powers and checks and balances through the use of various overriding powers that each branch of government has over the other. For example, while Congress can approve a bill for legislation, the president has the opportunity to veto it if he does not like it. Congress, meanwhile, can impeach the president if they feel he is not ...

Ethical challenges are common in the workplace for employees on a daily basis. There are plenty of examples of ethics in the world of business but the ethical choices have been made rather difficult in the modern era since the target changes with the progress of society. This is the reason why discussions concerning business ethics in the international workplace at frequent intervals can have a positive impact on the human relations. If the contemporary corporate business ethics and morals in the global workplace are applied to the situation “Credit Suisse admits guilt over tax evasion, fined $2.8 billion” , ...

[University]

Introduction

Perhaps no clause in the U.S. constitution has been so misconstrued and debated as the Second Amendment. In fact, even the Supreme Court could not make up their mind as to the true meaning of “A well-regulated militia, being necessary to the security of a free state, the right of the people to keep and bear arms, shall not be infringed”. A decisive interpretation to this clause has been quite elusive. Since its ratification, only a few cases have found its way to the Supreme Court while the court’s decision has not helped clarify the matter more ...

Lysander Spooner was an American philosopher and anarchist who was an ardent supporter of labor movements in his hey days during 19th century. Born in state of Massachusetts in the early years of the 19th century, Spooner a lawyer was against the set legislation that have been instituted by man in a bid to harmonize the daily life of citizens. Spooner questions the authority of the constitution to bid all the citizens both the presently alive and the future generation to obediently follow its doctrines and practices. According to Spooner, there is no way the future generation should be ...

The French Revolution (1789-1794)

The French Revolution was the democratic revolution of 1789-94 in France, which put an end to feudal-absolutist system and cleared the way for the development of capitalism. It was a natural result of a prolonged crisis of outdated feudal-absolutist system, the result of a crisis that reflected the growing conflict between the old, feudal relations of production and the new capitalist concepts and capitalist production. The main contradictions that predetermined the revolution were exacerbated with state bankruptcy, commercial and industrial crisis which began in 1787, lean years that resulted in famine all over France. In 1788 peasant uprisings swept ...

Do cultures determine what is good, right, correct and acceptable or are there basic human virtues that determine what is wrong, good, moral action and morally good? Or are morals universal and applicable to all cultures? This paper seeks to determine the characteristics of both sides and determine whether there exists a common ground between the two points of view. Rosenstand, (2012, pg 146) points out that the concept of normal is properly a variant concept of good. Benedicts also asserted that normality is culturally defined i.e. what a society takes as good, right, correct action or morally good ...

Philosophy

The republic vIII is very insightful as far as political power and political organizations are concerned. In the book Plato delves deeply into the various forms of political power and political organization and how one form of political organization can morph into a completely different form of political organization which just so happens to have contrasting ideals and principle. A good example is that of a pure democracy morphing into a complete tyranny. The amazing aspect or rather fact about the republic VII is that the ideas presented in the book are completely in line with the political ongoing ...

Cultural Pluralism refers to a situation where different society groups with distinctive cultures peacefully coexist together with a dominant group. Cultural pluralism gives individual ethnic groups the right to live by their terms and cultural heritages (Weisbrod and carol, 29). The concept of cultural pluralism enhances cooperation among endogenous groups of diverse lifestyles and family structures. In the united state of America, cultural pluralists have paid tribute to the significance of this concept in enriching the citizens’ way of life. Immigrants and native-born Americans have learned a lot from each other. This has broaden their views on education, art, ...

How is the traditional system of values, as it is depicted in Palace Walk, different from the values of a modern person like the character Fahmi? - Introduction Naguib Mahfouz’s Palace Walk provides an insight into 19th Century Egyptian society and the social, political and philosophical changes that take place during this dramatic period. Published in 1954, the book offers a highly detailed account of a society in the midst of transition from tradition to modernity and interweaves a family’s life story with the emergence of the Egyptian Nationalist Movement. This essay aims to illustrate the existence ...

Healthcare in the United States has been a center of controversy for a long time. Access to quality healthcare has been limited to the rich at the detriment of the poor. The current infrastructure in the United States requires the citizenry to own health insurance, which will aid in reducing the cost of healthcare. However, it is worth noting that despite the United States being one of the strongest nations in the world, a reasonable proportion of its population remains poor. A large number of people in the United States do not earn wages that can allow them to ...