Essays on Terrorist Attacks

Overview

The paper will present a case study of the terrorist attack on the United States – US on 9th September 2001. The terrorist attack will be analyzed in the area of upcoming events, actual attacks and its consequences. The primary perpetrators of the attack were members of the terrorist group al-Qaida. The goals of 19 affiliated men from different countries were attacks on the American symbols. The targets chosen include the capitol White House, World Trade Center and Pentagon. A tactic used was plane hijacking and the larger issues at stake went beyond the domestic politics into the international politics, ...

Introduction

The Americans have been proud regarding the relationship of their military sector and the civilians throughout the history. One of the major reasons why United States takes pride to this relationship is the subordination of the military sector to the authority of the civilians. The military-civil relationship in the United States is based on the doctrine about the civilian control over the military. This doctrine states that the control over the strategic plans and decision-making processes which could generally affect the whole nation should be in the hands of the civilian leaders and not the military leaders. It has ...

With the recent increase in global warfare, there has been an influx of refugees throughout the world. The immigrant opts to seek a safe heaven in the European countries, however; the Europeans are angered by the increase of immigrants. It is worth noting that, the issue of refugee was the one of the factors that facilitated Britain to leave the European Union. There are two prevalent schools of thoughts with regards to the increase in the number of refugees. According to the liberalists they uphold the asylum principle and still hold onto the fallacy that a boarderless world can ...

Soldiers differ from political officials as appropriate targets of terrorist attacks because soldiers are considered as combatants driven by the political motives of the officials in charge. Soldiers are considered to be guided by the interests of those in power and their threatening nature compels terrorists to act against them. Therefore, orchestrating attacks on military personnel is considered ethical. On the other hand, despite political officials being considered as the agents of regimes thought to be oppressive (Walzer 7), they are noncombatants hence attacking them is not justifiable. Also, the political code stipulated prevents political officials from being targets ...

Recently, various analysts and American policy makers have established Africa’s growing strategic significance to the United States’ interests. Among other benefits, there are the Africa’s natural resources. Notably, to access such, the country has to cultivate cooperation with African nations and deter various security issues in the continent. For instance, there are alarming concerns over violent extremist activities among other threats perpetrated by maritime piracy, under-governed spaces, and illegal trafficking of weapons and drugs. Additionally, there are mounting concerns about the ongoing humanitarian crisis, civil wars, armed conflicts as well as general challenges such as HIV/AIDs and ...

In this paper, we will explore the psychological impacts of two human-made disasters. One that happened during the First World War, and the other one is a recent terrorist attack in Paris, in 2015. The Lusitania Disaster was an attack from the German army to a British ship liner coming from New York to Liverpool, UK. The terrorist attack in Paris however was not a war attack, so people were not expecting anything as such. However, it can be argued that we are on a war today, that begun by several attacks of radical Islamic groups against the West. ...

Introduction

A country’s economic and security prosperity highly relies on the aviation system that is operating efficiently. The existence of weak security poses a threat to aircraft safety and those that are boarding it. The hostile nation-states, criminals and terrorists have been viewing the aviation sector as a target for exploitation and attack. Successful airport attacks inflict grave economic damage, mass casualties and negatively affect the airline transportation system. The air transport sector should adopt appropriate ways of managing different incidents and threats. Intelligence and Threat Assessment play a significant role in mitigating numerous risks in the aviation industry. ...

Abstract

This article seeks to research about the day to day activities and traumatic events in the lives of the first responders, that include firefighters, policemen, and emergency medical teams (EMTs), and their impacts on their psychology. Research shows that the emergency workers are exposed to tragic events and incidents, in the line of duty on a daily basis, and has severe psychological impacts in some cases which last for many years to come. The first responders are exposed to a variety of traumatic events that include multiple casualties and events that involve a smaller number of victims. These events ...

The 9/11 attacks became the stimulus for the creation of the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) for it made the people become aware of the massive destruction that can be caused by terrorist attacks. After the September 11 attack in America which destroyed the Twin Towers in New York City and the Pentagon in Washington, America decided to create an agency that is solely dedicated to secure all borders of the country, respond to disasters and to strengthen the cyber security and infrastructure, and to deter any act of terrorism. Although there are some events of terrorism occurred in ...

INTRODUCTION

There are some events in the course of the world’s growth and development that seem likely to occur; people will experience conflict, social unrest, possible warfare and any number of natural disasters that can devastate communities all across the globe. In the modern era one of the most terrifying of occurrences are terrorist attacks. Terrorist threats can exist unnoticed; no one knows when they may occur and what public place, government buildings or function that may be targeted. This makes terrorist attacks a huge source of stress, fear and shock for the people and for the governments involved. ...

Part 1

According to Schram & Tibbetts (2014), there are 4 general goals of the strategy of achieving homeland security. These are:

Prevent and disrupt terrorist attacks

Protect the American people, critical infrastructure, and key resources Respond to and recover from incidents that do occur Continue to strengthen the foundation to ensure long term success. Here are my suggestions that could potentially improve the framework. As for the first goal, it would be better to prevent any terrorist-related weapon from entering the territory of the United States in order to prevent any terrorist-related operations within the US territory. For the second goal, certain actions should be taken ...

Terrorism is a very important issue that is plaguing the world today with a large number of countries being affected by it. While it has had a long history, it has come to the limelight after September 11, 2001, strikes on World Trade Center in the U.S. However, terrorism can be either domestic or international and this distinction is important as the consequences of the terrorism may depend on the type of terrorism. For example, international terrorism can have a greater adverse impact on the economic growth of a country than domestic terrorism. The causes of domestic and international ...

Terrorism and cyber terrorism become one of the main global threats to the humanity of XXI century. Nowadays cyber terrorism is the inherent part of the modern terrorism. So we can not discuss the question of terrorism without taking into account the cyber terrorism. Both terrorism and cyber terrorism carry a threat to various states, organizations, groups of people and etc., but when the terrorism uses as a battle-field all accessible variants, cyber terrorism is only in the network. There is no doubt that cyber terrorism and terrorism have similarities but it also has a lot of differences. The ...

The shattering terrorist attacks and the causalities associated with them have resulted in the focus on security leadership issues. Terrorist attacks are often unexpected and the incidences bring panic and disruption to the organizations affected. The disruption makes it difficult to set up effective response plans because communication flow is disrupted making it difficult to coordinate response activities. The security leadership plan is based on being prepared and proactive in handling and responding to terrorist attacks through the establishment of a co-operative effort plan (Pischke & Hallman, 2008). The proactive approach is meant to enhance psychological preparedness which prevents battle ...

Intelligence is the process through which a particular type of information is taken from collection, evaluation, analysis, integration, interpretation and finally dissemination. The information collection process is a critical national security activity that every country needs to protect from foreign and terrorist invasions. Information gathering process entails a variety of activities from the essential eavesdropping, spies, open sources such as radio and publications to technological sources that require a lot of expertise (Nimon, 2013). The introduction of information technology after the Cold War and the numerous developments in technology has made this collection process easier. The scope of intelligence ...

In an article titled ‘How Religion Can Lead to Violence’, Gary Gutting explains his view on the current state of terrorism in the world. Gutting (2016) elaborates that almost all the recent terror attacks all over the world have received almost the same response from Islamic leaders who have distanced the causes of terrorists from their tolerant religion. Clearly, Gutting is of the position that Islamic teachings have failed to teach Muslims tolerance as Christianity has done to its adherents. After reading the article, I was utterly disappointed in the arguments that Gutting presented in a topic defined by ...

The 2015 Paris attacks inflicted tremendous losses upon the French hospitality market, resulting in the lowest level of customer turnover for some hotels over the last twenty five years. The Paris and Nice attacks caused economic damage, equivalent to damage caused by the 2008 Great Recession (Alderman, 2016). On a global scale, the global tourism industry demonstrated 3 percent growth prior to the 2015 Paris attacks (LaGrave, 2016). Moreover, the global tourism industry employed 7.2 million people more in 2015 alone, providing income for about 284 million people all over the world. Global tourism generated about one-tenth of the ...

Ever since the infamous attacks in the World Trade Center last September 11, 2001, the view of the world regarding terrorism has changed forever. To counter terrorism attacks in their countries, governments of various nations have set up diverse procedures and operations that specifically aim to curb the terrorist organizations and their attacks, and to eliminate their threats once and for all. For example, airport terminals thoroughly scan passengers, malls and various establishments check the baggage of entrants, surveillance companies spy on telephone calls by civilians in order to search for suspicious activities, etc. have been utilized in order ...

Nationalist terrorism is very widespread in the world. Its existence was revealed in terrorist activities of groups that seek independence from a particular country, ensures the superiority of one nation over another within one country (Ciment, 2015). The main reason for the period of nationalist terrorism in the United States from 1960s to 1980s was the beginning of Islamization. US Islamization began in the 1960s, when there was an influx of people coming to the United States of America from Muslim countries, mainly from Egypt, Saudi Arabia, Syria and Pakistan. According to the latest statistical research, the number of ...

Abstract

It is well-known fact that people in the US are watched, listened and even recorded against their notice and surely, will. It is also known, that all these undemocratic actions are performed in the name of security. The United States of America is not always related to an advanced technology, high-quality of education and excellent art venues, and Hollywood, sadly, the term “police state” often pop-ups and is being closely affiliated with the America. George J Bush introduced and implemented Patriotic act shortly after September terrorist attacks (2001), however, Barack Obama kept his legacy and Edward Snowdens’ famous leaks ...

Abstract

This paper reviews the historical background of Jihadi-Salafism from the time of the crusaders. Jihadi-Salafists are depicted as elements of the broader Salafi movement, social and religious reformers who desire to restore the original beliefs and practices of the first three generations of the Muslim religion. The current Jihadi-Salafists draw their motivation from the perceived attacks on the Muslim community since the beginning of the European colonialism in the nineteenth century and the termination of Ottoman caliphate during the twentieth century. The first part of the discussion includes an evaluation of the United States foreign policy and how it ...

Abstract

Michael Zehaf-Bibeau is a lone attacker who launched a terrorist attack in Canada in 2014. Zehaf-Bibeau is believed to have been experiencing mental issues as well as a drug problem. Several years after his conversion into the Islamic religion, Zehaf-Bibeau became radicalized and started finding ways through which he could join other foreign fighters in Syria. The Canadian government had placed strict regulations at its border which led to the invalidation of his passport, an act which is believed to have provoked him. Following his displeasure with Canada's new foreign policy to deploy its soldiers in Iraq and Afghanistan ...

In the recent years practically in all corners of the world terrorist activity that is intended to become a global threat has dramatically increased. The most attractive objects for terrorists are vehicles being the very vulnerable. The terrorist attacks on transport are usually accompanied by a large number of victims, paralyzing the activities in the most important spheres of economy and destabilizing the situation in the society. Most often the attacks occur at the air transport entailing the greatest number of victims and representing a minimal threat to the terrorists. The terrible attacks of September 11, 2001, have dramatically ...

Aviation terrorism is the act of unleashing violence on airliners with the aim to harm or intimidate the victims. The occurrence of terrorism has increased with the rise of aviation as a mode of transport. The first known incident of air terrorism was carried out in 1930 by Peruvian insurgents who hijacked an airplane to scatter propaganda leaflets. This practice subsided in the subsequent two decades due to the effect of global factors such as world war two. Modern terrorism started in 1968 when three Palestinian gunmen hijacked a passenger airline of the Israeli Airline El Al on a ...

The article “Transportation Security Issues for the 114th Congress” the authors suggest that all transportation systems are widely designed for efficiency and accessibility. They concede that safeguarding the transportation system from terrorist attacks is challenging, but relevant strategies can be employed to deter terrorist attacks. Policy makers face the dilemma of constructing and financing an elaborate system of protection, deterrence, and response that considerably lowers the chances and effects of terrorist attacks without constraining commerce, travel, and civil liberties. On the other hand, the article “Aviation Security” outlines some of the laws and regulations that legislators have implemented to ...

Introduction

Homeland Security is of prime importance in the United States of America. On 23 January, 2002, during the second session of the one hundred seventh congress of America, an act to establish the Department of Homeland security was held. Valuing Homeland Security by all citizens is due process rights and in direct observation of the American constitution and the preamble. Over the past few years, various public and private bodies, advisory panels and other think tanks have addressed myriad solutions on how to best secure the American homeland. However, some groups have classified homeland security as a combination of ...

Abstract

This project serves to focus on the country of Saudi Arabia and how the nation, handles school preparedness when it comes to disasters. Saudi Arabia is a developing country. The researcher argues that more need to be done in making sure children are protected in a developing society when a disaster happens. Some of the disasters explored in the discussion include fires, earthquakes, hurricanes and terrorist attacks. The researcher believes that while there is potential to rectify this issue, more future research needs to be done. In the exploration of the topic, the author found that there were vulnerabilities ...

Introduction

Natural disasters (e.g. forest fire, hurricane, tsunami) and persistent terrorism attacks remind companies, guests, and staffs of the hospitality industry to be ready for all forms of emergency. Security is not confined to only one element. Rather, it has been categorised into different kinds ranging from property damage prevention to potential injury and death within the hotel vicinity. To enhance security, numerous hotels have used closed circuit televisions, smoke detectors, fire sprinklers, and electronic locks. Hence, there are three types of security, namely, security of systems, security of persons, and physical aspects (Kusluvan et al., 2010). This paper discusses ...

Introduction

Ever since the infamous attack on the World Trade Center which occurred last September 2001, terrorism is a real, pertinent, and primary cause of concern as of late. Many establishments, particularly airports, are very tantamount on upholding security so as to avoid any more terrorist attacks occurring on a wide scale such as what happened at the World Trade Center. In spite of these countermeasures, terrorist attacks are still a genuine threat at large. Despite best efforts, many countries are still experiencing terrorist attacks every now and then, thereby putting the safety of many people in danger. On a ...

The get-tough policies focus on punishment as the sole and primary response to crime. It is worth noting that the model countries emphasize the use of get-tough policy in dealing with crime. The model countries include Germany, France, China, Japan, England, and Saudi Arabia (Dammer and Jay 67). These programs include truth-in-sentencing, zero tolerance, mandatory sentencing, three strokes and other harsher penalties. The model countries have experienced a decrease in the crime rate since the implementation of get-tough policies. The effects of get-tough policies are alarming in most model countries. In fact, most of the organized crimes have declined ...

Following the 9/11 2001 attacks on the US homeland, a commission was set up to investigate the attacks and the response by the US security agencies to the attacks. Known as the 9/11 Commission report, one of the recommendation sections of this report touched on communication as a response to such attacks in the future. According to this National Commission on Terrorist Attacks Upon the United States Report, one of the lesson’s learned in the aftermaths of these attacks was the lack of proper communication channels among the then existing security agencies and authorities. As a matter of ...

Introduction

The primary goals of DHS are to protect American citizens against terrorist threats and securing the U.S. borders. This paper analyses the many missions of the DHS.

Missions of the DHS

Protection against terrorist attacks The priority of the DHS is to protect American citizens against terrorist threats and attacks such as 9/11. The department utilizes a counterterrorism tactic by identifying suspicious terrorist activities within the U.S. borders. Importantly, DHS collaborates with other federal agencies, private sector and the public to mine information essential for prevention of terrorist attacks and preparedness (Napolitano, 2009). Hence, the success of DHS’s missions attributes to effective ...

Combating Terrorism: Extraordinary Renditions and Advanced Interrogations

Terrorist attacks have been the fiercest, threatening the national security of most countries. Various measures have developed to combat the crime of terrorism by different countries. The most common way of disciplining criminals is the use of judicial procedures where the suspects are proved guilty by the criminal courts and appropriate disciplinary measures applied based on the crime committed. However, other measures are used exclusively by some governments to punish the suspects of terror attacks. Among these methods is the use of extraordinary renditions, which involve surrendering the criminals to another country for interrogation and detention (Horowitz & Cammarano, 2013). ...

Abstract

The terrorist attacks on the United States in 2001 revealed the need for information sharing between different local, state, and federal agencies. This resulted in the formation of Department of Homeland Security to coordinate the counterterrorism efforts. The Department created fusion centers that served as facilities of gathering and analyzing information from relevant agencies. The fusion centers have faced constant criticism from researchers regarding their effectiveness and spending but have been successful in stopping several terrorist plans. This has saved thousands of lives and millions of dollars. However, the numerous agencies working towards the same goal has brought about ...

Communication and Problem Solving Practices in Public Safety Agencies

Abstract Communication and problem solving are necessary for public safety agencies to be effective. Employees cannot adequately respond to disasters if they do not have the correct information or the information at all. Historically, public service agencies have used different communication protocols and equipment. This has resulted in a severe lack of coordination to disasters and emergencies that require the cooperation of different public safety agencies. The September 11, 2001 attacks on the World Trade Center and Hurricane Katrina are prime examples of the lack of coordinated communication and problem solving amongst different agencies. New technologies such as geographical ...

Section I: Introduction and Statement of Purpose

Generally, terrorism is understood as the use of threats and violence that aims to achieve political objectives. According to The Global Terrorism Index, in 2014, the level of the terrorist attacks across the world increased by 80% (Bender, 2015). Despite the fact that regions that mostly suffer from the threats of terrorism include the ones in the Middle East, Africa, and Russia, the fight against terror is an international issue. The United States of America experiences the middle impact of terrorism and ranks 35 among 124 positions in the Global Terrorism Index 2015 Map (Bender, 2015). However, the middle ...

Introduction

Domestic terrorist acts in the United States have been committed by a combination of native ideological sects, individuals representing what are considered to be extremist ideologies, and internationally-based terrorist organizations, such as Al-Qaeda. In the aftermath of the September 11, 2011 Al-Qaeda sponsored terrorist attacks in New York City and Washington, D.C., the U.S. Department of Homeland Security was implemented (Furlow, 2005). The primary objective of the Department of Homeland Security can be seen as terrorism prevention. Although prevention of terrorism does not eradicate its ideological causes per se, the act of prevention can aid in the identification and ...

1. Citing class discussion and course readings, please critique the following passage: Our analysis suggests that democracies are more likely to be sensitive to the costs of terrorist attacks, to grant concessions to terrorists so as to limit future attacks, to be constrained in the ability to pursue a lengthy attritional campaign against an organization, but also to be under a greater pressure to do something Terrorism as we know it is a tactic, a tactic used by marginalized and disenfranchised groups to attempt to claw back some of the rights that they have lost or to try and ...

In the Aftermath of the September 11 Attacks

The September 11 terrorist attacks of 2001 on the New York Twin Towers of the World Trade Center constituted a traumatic event for Americans of all social classes and ethnic backgrounds. The memories of such violent attacks have been kept alive by the numerous terrorist attacks perpetrated abroad in places like Madrid, Paris and Brussels and in Americans cities such as San Bernardino, California. Unfortunately, all of these attacks have been perpetrated by Muslim extremists. Besides a sense of fear and vulnerability the September 11 attacks aroused a sense of patriotism and a reconsideration of the meaning of being ...

In his March 8, 2016 article in the Washington Post, entitled “The FBI and NYPD make peace, focusing on fighting terrorism and not each other”, journalist Adam Goldsmith reports on the evolving relationship between the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) and the New York City Police Department (NYPD). According to Goldsmith, the relationship between the two law enforcement agencies has never been particularly friends. However, as a result of the September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks (9/11) in New York City, the relationship had, until recently, become particularly adversarial (Goldsmith). In the aftermath of the attacks, the NYPD established its ...

One of the most elongated conflicts in the world has surely been related to the Jews and Arabs over the territory that defines the modern state of Israel. What many people fail to notice is the gravity of the conflict and how the conflict surely is not recent. What makes both the conflict and the peace process so complex between these two groups is that their cultures and religious beliefs date back thousands of years, (Jospe, R., 1995). To this end, they have many religious holy sites, for example, that are sacred to both faiths due to the territorial ...

(Professor/Instructor) (College/University/Institute)

The digital revolution that reached its peak in the second part of the 20th century pervades its influence on every facet of the global society. One of the effects of a society impacted by this evolution is the faster access to data and the availability of the global community to that information. Nonetheless, there is another instance that is changing the operation of contemporary society-extremism. Examining all of its contemporary features, extremism is posing a two-pronged threat; one, it impacts the global community and two, terrorism impacts the changes that society will undergo. It is only after ...

Power

Power refers to the production of intended effects within the context of a given phenomenon. For instance, when a government declares war against an invading power, it would be seeking to defend the nation (intended effect) since it has the authority to do so for the sake of the citizens (context). Hence, when one has power, he or she would have the ability to make a palpable difference to the current state of the world. Accordingly, control is difficult to identify because its manifestation relies on relationships between people, groups, and States. Still on the example given above, the ...

The term representation is used to refer to the construction of meaning through various symbols and images (Sisler, 2008). Cultures, races, and religions are represented in different forms of media around the world, but in most scenarios these representations are filled with stereotypes making western cultural ideologies and beliefs as better or ideal compared to other forms of cultural ideologies. The portrayal of Arab- Muslim Americans or Muslims in general, within the media of the United States focuses on the idea of agenda setting and the dominant ideology which frames the perceptions of mainstream America (Gerhauser, 2014). The United ...

Protecting citizens, business, and property from the threat of terrorism and naturally manmade disasters is arguably a governor’s most salient responsibility. As the chief executive officer of the states, governors are accountable for overseeing states response to any disaster or emergency. In essence, they must be prepared for the every day events for instance, industrial fires, power outages, tornados, and catastrophes on a scale of the September 11 terrorist attacks. Hence, a new governor must be briefed on the homeland security and how it applies to the state. The paper will provide the new governor with the essential ...

The problem of terrorism is one of the most dangerous and prevalent in today's society. Over the past decade, the actions of terrorist organizations have reached a new level. The attacks occur more often, while it becomes more and more difficult to find the perpetrators of the attacks. Terrorism has become a global problem, and it threatens more and more people with each passing day. The US government and a number of leading European countries introduce various technical and design elaborations to combat international terrorism. Today it is possible to prevent the increasing number of terrorist attacks by means ...

Introduction

The disaster events that have occurred in the recent past have illustrated the challenges that face metropolitan areas and states in preparing and later responding to natural disasters (Deyle & Wiedenman, 2014). Considering the suddenness of the different natural disasters, terrorist incidents, as well as their unexpected nature, it is not surprising that there is evidence of the lack of coordination and confusion in the management of transportation system in the aftermath. Although the immediate response to disasters and security incidents is the responsibility of public security agencies, the metropolitan planning organizations play very important role in promoting and coordinating ...

Government Survaillance is unconstitutional and should not be conducted. It deprives citizens their right of liberty. Peolpe’s privacy should not be sacrificed for the sake of security. Security concerns have often been used to justify a breach of citizens’ privacy. Law enforcement groups have created different measures such as the use of surveillance cameras including in many public places to monitor the activities of unsuspecting citizens. In the surveillance process, the agencies involved use high-tech machines. These devices are controlled from a private area and are mostly invisible to the public (Norris, 2010). The tools are made in ...

At the Center of the Storm: My Years at the CIA is a memoir written by George Tenet and Bill Harlow. The chronicle focuses on the CIA happenings before and after the September 11 2001 Islamic terrorist attacks. In this memoir, George Tenet gives a real life account of his works as the director of the CIA and a chronological order of how things happened during his term as the chief of the Criminal Intelligence Agency. Tenet was the Director of the Criminal Intelligence Agency of the year 1997 to 2004. He writes a book where he recounts the ...

On September 11, 2001, al Qaeda, an extremist Islamist organization, committed the deadliest terrorist attack in U.S history. No one in the world will ever forget that dark moment when two passenger planes, cutting through the blue sky, crashed into the iconic twin towers of the World Trade Center, leading them to collapse to the ground. In the aftermath of this tragedy, anti-Muslim sentiments and fear have grown significantly within the United States. In fact, while innocent Muslim-Americans are being subjected to discrimination at the hands of a section of American society, the notorious terrorists who actually committed the ...

Findings of the 9/11 Commission Report

One of the major findings of the commission is the gross ignorance by the Bush administration about the intelligence warnings, and it was reported by other sources that the president made little effort to improve or prevent domestic attacks. While the report does not explicitly talk about the latter, it is supported by the fact that the president only made counterterrorism a priority after 9/11. The lack to heed to the intelligence reports may be attributed to the failure of the portended "millennium attacks" President Clinton had been warned. Security at the airports and borders had been enhanced, and ...

American nationalism is the kind that is concerned with asserting America on the international scene as a nation as well as promoting its culture and unity of purpose. This would imply the direct actions of the American government aimed at advancing the position and role of America on the international scene. It also entails the actions of multinationals whose mother country is America, movements, and non-profit organizations advancing their ideals, and the elements of American culture that inform their charters and terms of services on the international scene. Orientalism is an outlook that emphasizes, projects, imagines, misrepresents and exaggerates ...

Identification Questions

3.2 Party of the Institutionalized Revolution The Party of the Institutionalized Revolution was a political party in Mexico that was created by Plutarco Elias Calles in 1929. It lasted for 71 years in power in the country, and was the largest political party in Mexico at the time. The party leans toward socialism but has been grouped together with other socialist-democratic government parties. The PIR is historically significant because of its different take on the idea of revolution and the government. Every revolution in history has been based on the idea of breaking down institutions and tearing apart the ...

Introduction

Australia is one of the many countries in which moral panics have resulted to elevated racism. The concerns about crime and the fear of crime in many Australian cities including Sydney have greatly shaped lifestyles and have influenced the qualities of life. It is evidently that crime in many Australian cities is continually being linked to immigrants and other ethnic minorities. In Australia, in the recent years, the issue of crime committed by ethnic minorities and immigrants has been the subject of many media headlines and has greatly shaped policies, both domestic and international. The 9/11 attacks in the ...

Opportunities and Risks of Investing in India

Background Information on Indian Business Environment In India, the political setup is governed by stable democratic environment. Eighty percent of its population belongs to the Hindu community. The economy has been posting a growth at a stable rate of seven percent. On an average, starting a new business consumes approximately twenty five to thirty days. Average tariff rate in India is seven percent. The government, when it comes to procurement, give enormous preferences and favours to local firms. Foreign participation is limited and the financial sector of India is dominated by state-owned institutions. Investment climate in India is trader ...

Question One: Quarantine and Isolation

In the early stages of the emergence of infectious diseases, isolation and quarantine are in most cases the only and last resort used to control effectively and manage the conditions (Al-Ateeg, 2004). These methods are usually handy when there is a limited knowledge of a newly identified or an occurrence of a previously contagious disease that poses a serious public threat. While these methods are used to respond to emerging and re-emerging public health threats and protecting the public by preventing the exposure of the population who have or may not have contracted a contagious disease, there are significant ...

1) The main difference between the terrorist hazard and the natural and technological disasters is the issue of causation. All terrorist acts are deliberate and have the purpose. On the contrary, the natural and technological disasters are non-intended. Therefore, the terrorist acts may be prevented, if the government s and other organizations take the proper action. In the case of the natural and technological disasters one may reduce the risk of technological disasters, but cannot avoid the natural disasters. 2) The goal of the emergency management in regards to the terrorism threat is to increase security via five phases: ...

On September 11, 2011, four airliners were hijacked by militant members of al-Qaeda, an international Islamic extremist group. Consequently, two of the planes crashed into New Yorks’s World Trade Center, while the third plane was directed and hit the Pentagon. Both incidents resulted in the death of the passengers and people within these buildings, including the many rescuers. On the other hand, the passengers on the fourth hijacked plane fought with the terrorist. The plane was not able to reach its intended target and it eventually landed in the fields of Pennsylvania, killing all the passengers. These attacks ...

Abstract

Many scholars in the management field have spent most of their time trying to come up with theories that explain management. The work of these theorists, however, has not gone to waste as there are very many theories that have come up as a result. Management theorists have been linked to improving the quality of products and services being offered by any organization by using their creative minds in developing ideas that solve problems. For one to be well conversant and an expert in the management field, he/she must study and try to emulate the work of these theorists. ...

The security of the worlds populations remains a major concern for security administrators, managers, and other stakeholders interested in public safety. Despite this honorary effort, various populations drawn from different contexts remain vulnerable to insecurity and terrorism (Harrison, 2009). Terrorism occurs as one of the major factors that have and continue to jeopardize the safety of the world. Terrorist organizations have mastered the art of revolutionizing various factors to suit their terror activities (Harrison, 2009). Terrorism has been on the rise very frequently over the past decade throughout the world as well as in the United States. As an ...