Essays on Bowel

The process of nursing care aims at ensuring that the care which patients are given in a health care facility has been tested and proven to result in positive outcomes. There are, however, instances where a particular nurse may be overwhelmed by their responsibilities or certain circumstances where the knowledge of a nurse regarding a particular care protocol may be deficient (Huber, 2013). In situations such as these, the delegation of responsibilities is needed. In this regard, a nurse in charge will be required to transfer the responsibility of performing such a task to another care provider while at ...

I take roughly three meals every day with a small serving of an extra snack to complement at the end of the day. The size and portions of my serving may differ depending on how hungry I may be but overall I try to maintain a healthy eating habit with some elements being consistent like water and a fruit and vegetable serving to ensure I have not only very essential micronutrients but also non-nutrient elements like roughage to ease digestion and bowel movement while avoiding conditions like indigestion. On the very first day I took three meals on that ...

The case is based on acute right quadrant abdominal pain of Mrs. DC who comes to the emergency department. She states that the pain occurred after dinner and has steadily increased. She complains that the pain has increased substantially which has moved towards her back. She also reports to feel bloated and gassy (Yarmish, et al. 2014). The cause of upper right quadrant pain can be due to varied reasons which is based on the general conditions, age, and sex of the patient (Mazzei, et al. 2013). The medical history and physical examination of the patient would help in ...

Abstract

A complete and thorough health assessment can help in the correct diagnosis (Dingman, 1941). According to a famous saying “A case well taken is half solved”. A well taken case should include complete description of the patient’s mental, physical and social well being. Mere jotting down of physical signs and symptoms may not give the true picture of a disease. As every patient is a different individual, thorough case taking is required in order to establish the individuality of the patient. Many features of the patients may have a role to play in his or her health, therefore, ...

Step1: Patient situation:

The first step in clinical reasoning is to describe the patient in the context of the clinical situation. Ms. Melody King, a 36-year-old female was presented for an emergency laparoscopic surgery for a ruptured appendix. She has a medical history of asthma and depression. Her medication list includes Ventolin, Seretide, Sertraline. Postoperatively, Melody developed peritonitis and was treated with antibiotics and analgesic. The biopsy results of Melody’s sample revealed the presence of adenocarcinoma. Melody will need to undergo a few most test, and till then continue her stay at the hospital. The diagnostic tests: CT scan of chest, ...

Multiple choice questions

Multiple Choice Questions

Increased erythropoietin production Increased heart rate Increased cardiac output Enhancement in oxygen extraction The answer for this question is b. increased heart rate. A reduction in tissue oxygenation as happens in anemia stimulates increased production of erythropoietin through a complex feedback mechanism. Increased production of erythropoietin enhances erythropoiesis in anemia. Increased extraction of oxygen in anemia is a compensatory mechanism that is mediated by an increase in 2, 3-diphosphoglycerate concentrations. Increased cardiac output is the main hemodynamic compensatory mechanism in anemia that aims to increase blood flow to the body organs. An increase in heart rate ...

Age: 34 Yrs

LMP: October 28, 2015 EDC: August 10, 2016 Gestation: 40 weeks Obstetric History: Elena is a 34-year-old female who presents to the maternity clinic with labor pains. The client is a G3 P3 T3 A0 L2. The previous children were delivered by normal vaginal birth. She had a pre-pregnant weight of 137 lbs and a current weight of 176 lbs.

First Stage of Labour

The patient reports that contractions started seven hours ago at home. The contractions are regular occurring after approximately five minutes with a duration of 45 to 60 seconds. The cervical dilation is at 6cm. After two hours, the contractions ...

The causes of both acute and chronic abdominal pains may be different among persons within different age-groups as a result of the age effect on predisposition to certain causative factors (Budhram & Bengiamin, 2013).

Acute abdominal pain in 20-year old versus 50-year-old males

For a 20-year old male, acute abdominal pains may be caused by various gastrointestinal conditions that are more prevalent within this age-group, mainly due to lifestyle issues. Among these factors include; gastritis and GERD (Budhram & Bengiamin, 2013). These two conditions may be caused by increased intake of acidic foods and drinks such as coffee and tea. Additionally, an acute abdominal pain for a 20-year-old male may ...

Abdominal Pain

Acute abdominal pain is a common presenting complaint. It can be due to a range of conditions some of which are benign and self-limiting and others life-threatening medical/surgical emergencies (Cartwright and Knudson, 2008). This paper will address the issue of abdominal pain from a paramedicine perspective in reference to a 29 year old male patient who presents with this complaint. It will interrogate the provided information and identify other essential information that is needed, three differential diagnoses for the patient, and the pathophysiology of the most probable diagnosis. Lastly, the implications of the case on paramedicine practice will be ...

Introduction

According to Tamparo and Lewis, 2011, endometriosis and Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome are gynecologic disorders which are common among women at the age of childbearing and teenagers. These disorders are often not easy to detect regardless of their uncomfortable and painful nature. Pathophysiology of endometriosis include: painful periods, abdominal pain during or before menstruation, pain following or during sexual intercourse, cramps before or during menstruation, pain due to bowel movements and low back or pelvic pain during menstruation. Polycystic Ovarian syndrome is associated with prolonged or infrequent menstrual periods, acne, excessive hair growth and abnormal weight gain, difficult to become ...

Objective: Patient appears well-groomed and devoid of nervousness or anxiety. Vital signs are within normal limits (WNL), except for mild fever. Abdomen: Normal bowel sounds, no rebound or guarding, no masses, presence of mild epigastric tenderness on palpation.

Gastritis Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) The primary diagnosis for this case is gastritis. Based on the subjective assessment findings, it is apparent that the symptoms described by the patient are consistent with gastritis. Additionally, the patient has a history of gastritis, hence making it a primary diagnosis. GERD may be excluded as a primary diagnosis since GERD-related ...

For elderly hospitalized patients (P), does the adoption of hourly rounding for nurses (I) as compared to daily baths with chlorhexidine gluconate (O) reduce the rate of incontinence-associated pressure ulcers (O) over a six month program (T)? The cases of pressure ulcers among the elderly population within the inpatient settings or homecare settings tend to be higher than those in other inpatient or similar settings. This is mainly attributed to the fact that the elderly population has other health issues that affect their functionality and these could range from physical to cognitive issues. On one hand, the physical ...

Introduction of disease

Endometriosis is a disorder, which affects the reproductive organs of women. It is a common medical condition that affects the lower abdomen and occurs when the tissue that aligns inside the womb grows outside it. In most cases, it happens without the knowledge of the victim. However, endometriosis can be very chronic, and it is associated with a lot of pain and problems with fertility. The diagnosis of endometriosis can take a long time because many women take the pain for granted like any other normal pain. Until a diagnosis is made, most women try to cope with the ...

Crohn’s Disease is a chronic condition grouped under Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (IBD) which causes inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract especially at the beginning of the colon and the end of the ileum. It can also affect the entire thickness of the bowel wall. This disease is usually manifested in symptoms such as: persistent diarrhoea, rectal bleeding, urgent need to move bowels, altered taste sensation, loss of appetite, sweating at nightime, fever, loss of appetite, sensation of incomplete evacuation of stool, constipation and in women, loss of normal menses (Greenstein p.400). Apart from medication, the disease is also treated ...

Naso-duodenal tube feeding is recommended for hospitalized patients. This means that Sharyn does not need the assessment of the caretakers and the important home details. However, like any other patient, Sharyn needs to be psychologically prepared to the feeding method. Therefore, there will be need to establish an understanding between the hospital caregivers and Sharyn. This will include explaining to the patient everything concerning the procedure including the indication and contraindication. Hospitals will often provide the outlined procedure for the administration of the feeding method and this should be followed to the latter. According to the hospital procedure and ...

The purpose of this article is to provide simple solutions to digestive disorders that may cause an upset stomach. Bad food has been identified as one of the main causes of digestive disorders and other chronic conditions including celiac disease, irritable bowel syndrome, ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease (Cohen 1). The author has identified four common digestive problems such as constipation, diarrhea and painful cramps, hemorrhoids and heart burn.

Patients who are constipated can also drink aloe vera juice can to normalize their bowel movements.

For patients who suffer from painful cramps and chronic diarrhea, the author has recommended the use of ginger root, which is readily available at the grocery store. Ginger can ...

Introduction

Trillions of microbes constitute the “Metagenome” of the human gut. This is the organ called microbiome, which is highly essential, and offers the host benefits such as metabolic abilities, pathogen protection, immune system enhancement, and GI tract developmental modulations (De Fillipo, et al.). In their study, three questions regarding the evolution of the human microbiota have been raised. They are: (1) how does the partitioning of bacterial diversity between and within two populations studied? (2) Does there exist a correlation between the diet and bacterial diversity?; and (3) considering the varied geography and hygienic conditions, what is the bacterial ...

Brief information, risk factors and symptoms

Colon cancer, that is also known as colorectal, is a type of cancer that starts from rectum or colon. As any other type of cancer, colon cancer is characterized by uncontrolled growing cells of the body. This type of cancer usually starts with a polyp – a kind of growth on the inner lining of the rectum or colon. However, it is important to know that not all polyps change into cancer, though some of them might do it after several years. The chances that a polyp will become cancer after some, depends on the type of polyps. There are ...

Introduction

The Intussusception remains as the most common problem of bowel obstruction in children and infants which needs an immediate medical attention and could be resulting in severe morbidity in children when ignored (Jiang, Jiang, Parashar, Nguyen, Bines & Patel, 2013). The given case study focuses on the Intussusceptions faced by Jayadha, a 4 months old girl, and the given case study analyses the associated pathophysiology and nursing care plan for the child in order to ensure proper adherence to the evidence based practice. The essay will start with pathophysiology and then discuss the role of nurses in the effective use ...

This work seeks to summarize the article,” The Expanded Biology of Serotonin” authored by Berger, Gray, and Roth. According to authors, serotonin, a neurotransmitter that modulates neural activity and neuropsychological processes, is widely used in psychiatry and neurology. It is located mostly outside the central nervous system, and the 15 receptors of serotonin are found outside as well as inside the brain. It regulates a number of biological processes including, bowel motility, cardiovascular function, bladder control, and ejaculatory latency. However, they mention that serotonin regulates some other processes as well including platelet accumulation through receptor independent, but transglutaminase-dependent covalent ...

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD): Although it is mostly diagnosed before the age of thirty, some patients may not manifest the signs and symptoms even till 50 years of age. It is characterised by inflammatory changes in the walls of the intestine demonstrated by changes in the bowel habits and appetite. In the given case the patient experiences loss of appetite, fever, tachycardia and tachypnea which suggest the probability of this condition. However, most of the cases of IBD are presented with diarrhea, whereas this patient is constipated since the last two days (Mayo Clinic Staff, 2016) Sigmoid Diverticulitis: ...

The symptoms of anorexia, heartburn, and weight loss are common for duodenal ulcer disease, functional dyspepsia, acute gastritis, alcohol related dyspepsia (ARD) as well as gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). All these conditions are difficult to diagnose correctly due to the variable nature of its presenting symptoms against those of other gastrointestinal illnesses. In this case, acute gastritis is ruled out technically by the fact that it presents with presence of blood in the stool and the test in this case did not indicate any blood stains. On the other hand, acute gastric presents with temporary pain in the stomach ...

Identify and describe a theory from nursing or from another discipline that provides the framework for your Evidence Based Practice proposal (Low income African Americans have higher risk for colorectal cancer). Explain your rationale for picking this theory. 

Statistics

For the modern civilized world, colorectal cancer is quite prevalent type of cancer and is the fourth largest among the others types of cancers. Every year in the global database 800 new cases of the disease are recorded, half of which are fatal. Interestingly, about 133 thousand of the victims are residents of the United States of America (American Canser Society, ...