Essays on Estrogen

A diet high in fiber is associated with a lower level of estrogen in the bloodstream (Gaskins et al., 2009). Estrogen will break down into estradiol in the body, and a high-fiber diet will reduce the levels of serum estrone and estradiol in the blood (“Nutrition and Breast Cancer,” 2015). An increase of estrogen that is eliminated from the body in the stool is also related to a diet high in fiber (“Nutrition and Breast Cancer,” 2015; Gaskins et al., 2009). Fiber is known to bind to bile acids, toxic compounds, and carcinogens. The whole grains that are high ...

Introduction of Topic

Burden of Deep Vein Thrombosis Deep vein thrombosis is a severe preventable cause of morbidity-mortality around the globe. This disease is so silent hence difficult in diagnosing it and so it is seen as a significant challenge regarding diagnosis. The Little level of clinical suspicion and higher incidence and fatality makes deep vein thrombosis a grave concern to the world (Jaff, et al, 2011). In the United States, 1 to 2 in every 1,000 people is likely to be affect by deep vein thrombosis annually. There is also an estimation that up to 100,000 Americans scampers to ...

Diversity in the workplace is crucial in promoting productivity and fairness among workers. The dimensions of diversity such as age, gender, religious affiliation, and ethnicity among others exhibit a significant influence on an individual or collective healthcare needs and capabilities in various ways. The impact of gender on the healthcare needs, for example, is based on the physiological, anatomical, and behavioral differences between women and men. Concerning behavioral differences, contrary to women, men tend to engage in behaviors that put them at risk of getting injured. Women are also more predisposed to stroke than men owing to the presence ...

Abstract

Rose hip (Rosa Canina), often cultivated for its fruits, are orange-red oval berries, which seeds (including shells) are used in supporting the treatment of bladder infection, diarrhea, diabetes, and related conditions often in the form of a 3-g powdered seeds capsule. Its seed oil contains ascorbic acid, carotenoids, polyphenols, and GOPO, which reduces inflammation and pain, and lowers inflammatory markers. Extraction methods used include solvent extraction, supercritical fluid extraction, and subcritical fluid extraction. Licensed rose hip supplement products include Hyben Vital and LitoZin/i-flex. Hyben Vital dosage is twice daily for 3 to 4 months to reduce osteoarthritic pain and ...

Disease pathophysiology

Definition of breast cancer Breast cancer is a malignant growth of cells in the breast. This type of cancer arises in the milk-producing glands when cells begin to divide in an uncontrolled way, forming a tumor. The most common neoplasm in breast cancer is the adenocarcinoma of the cells covering the terminal lobular unit (American Cancer Society, 2016; Stephan, 2016).

Prevalence of breast cancer

Breast cancer is the most common invasive cancer to affect women in North America, with more than 200,000 new cases each year, and worldwide, counting up more than 1,200,000. It is the second cause of cancer ...

Cardiovascular Disease (CVD)

CVD includes all ailments of the heart and circulatory system, including angina and heart attack. Other CVD diseases include carditis, cardiomyopathy, and congenital heart disorder. Edmunds (2014), states that CVD develops when there is plaque build-up on vessel walls. The mechanism of CVD differs significantly depending on the disease involved. For instance, coronary artery ailment includes atherosclerosis, and may occur due to hypertension, smoking, overweight, high-fat diet or diabetes. Despite the high deaths caused by CVD, it is approximated that 90 percent of CVDs are preventable (McGill, McMahan, and Gidding, 2008). Atherosclerosis can be decreased by controlling the risk ...

Introduction

The large production of bisphenol A (BPA) in the world has been documented because of the increased usage of the same in various industries. The most critical industries that have been using this BPA include those manufacturing containers for foods and beverages, cigarette filters, thermal receipts as well as paper currency. With such a huge provision, it is critical that the basis of such developments only emanates from making the right choices over its uses because its production to a total of 2.7 million tons could be disastrous to the body. The main reasoning here is that the chemical ...

NASA’s space program has yielded a number of spinoffs. From advances in medicine, engineering, transportation, public safety, consumer goods to other fields, NASA spinoffs have improved the quality of life for astronauts, as well as for ordinary citizens on earth (Inside 2016). One of NASA’s latest spinoff advances has been in the field of osteoporosis research and treatments (Inside 2016). NASA-inspired osteoporosis research will help prevent or minimize bone loss in future astronauts, elderly people, and even cancer patients. Already, scientists have discovered that astronauts require regular exercise and specially-formulated foods to help prevent bone loss. For ...

Marketing Mix

Product positioning The Silk Almond milk positioning is based on the benefits, ingredients and size. It is meant to offer more calcium than the dairy milk in addition to being an excellent vitamin E source. Further, it has low calories with 60 per serving, no saturated fat or cholesterol, no added artificial flavors, colors, free of soy, dairy, casein, egg, lactose, gluten and MSG. Finally, it is also non-GMO verified. In that view, it is meant to address the consumers’ health concerns (Silk, 2016). Regarding the ingredients, the original silk almond is rich in almonds and filtered water, Sea ...

Introduction

Menopause is a condition that women experience when their regular monthly menstrual cycles end. It is a perfectly ordinary condition, occurring in some women earlier than others, and varying in severity. Menopause is characterized by changes in monthly period, hot flashes, and/or loss of vaginal health or bladder control (National Institute on Aging, n.d.). Menopause occurs normally in most women, but there are situations in which menopause does not occur naturally, such as surgical menopause, when either one or both ovaries are removed (Johns Hopkins Medicine, n.d.), as in a hysterectomy, or it can, it is believed, be brought  ...

Black Cohosh

Black cohosh is also known as black snakeroot (as the name appeared in the U.S. Pharmacopoeia in the year 1820), bugwort, columbine-leaved leontice, tall bugbane, cordate rattle top, rattleroot, macrotys, papoose root, and battleweed. Its Latin name is Actaea racemosa or Cimicifuga racemosa. Macrotys actaeoides is also a synonym for the drug (Frostburg State University, frostburg.edu). It belongs to the Ranunculaceae (buttercup) family (Kinghorn A 2). The plant was first described in 1690 in Phytographia by Leonard Plukenet as Christopheriana facie. Later in 1751, it was named as Actaea racemosa by Linnaeus. However, the name was later changed into ...

The article “Endocrine System - Everything You Need to Know” by Galan, describes the endocrine system that comprises of various glands and how these glands function in regard to enabling the body to carry out various essential functions mainly related to metabolism as well as growth. According to the article, these glands usually secrete various hormones (chemical messengers) that control as well as coordinate various body activities particularly by activating the body to carry out various essential functions that are related to metabolism as well as growth. Essentially, the endocrine system comprises two main types of glands that include; ...

Breast cancer is identified as the most common cancer among women in the world (Chlebowski, Chen, Anderson, Rohan, Aragaki, Paskett, and Prentice, 2013). The prevalence rates have increased in the recent past, a trend associated with lifestyle attributes such as improper diets and lack of exercise. In as much as genetics play a contributory role in the development of breast cancer, a significant part is associated with these changes. An interesting aspect is that the ailment affects women differently in relation to differences in racial and ethnic considerations. In this regard, Asian women are the least affected group in ...

Lipid soluble hormones have a steroid structure. They are insoluble in blood plasma hence they travel via the bloodstream, attached to water soluble proteins. On reaching the destined cell, through diffusion, they act on the cell’s internal receptors (Cefalu, & Pardridge, 2014)). An example of such is the androgen hormone, produced by the males’ testes for the stimulation of sperm production and development, and maintenance of their sexual behavior and characteristics. Water soluble hormones, on the other hand, have a peptide and amino acid-based structure. They are water soluble and freely travel in the bloodstream. However, they are unable ...

Breast cancer is the growth of malignant tissue that starts in breast region and spreads to distant parts of the body. It is most common in women though it can also happen in men to a lower extent. Risk factors are things that heighten the chances of getting cancer (Bunnell, 2000). There are several risk factors for breast cancer, but it is not easy to know how much the factors can contribute. Some of the risk factors for breast cancer include the use of oral contraceptives, dense breast tissue, previous chest radiation, and drinking alcohol among others. The preventive ...

INTRODUTION

Catechol-O-methyl transferase (COMT) is an enzyme that plays a significant role in the metabolism of dopamine (DA) and amounts to approximately 60% or more of DA breakdown in the frontal cortex . The gene expressing the COMT enzyme could affect cognition and functioning of the brain via its action on dopaminergic function. A polymorphic variation occurs in the coding area of the COMT gene (a Guanine to Adenine replacement), changing the amino acid from valine (Val) to methionine (Met) at the codon position 158 (Val158Met) and consequently influencing the thermal tolerance and stability of the enzyme. Allelic discrepancies in enzyme ...

Hypertension is a health issue which is mostly associated with men and, as such, women are considered safe from its development. However, this myth has been disrupted following various researches that reveal that HBP is not a gender issue affecting both men and women. However, men were found to be more susceptible to developing the illness than compared to women. In this regard, women were also found prone to developing the ailment on the basis of various factors that will be discussed in this paper. In addition, this paper will focus on hypertension in women and the clinical studies ...

Ahmad, A. (2013). Pathways to Breast Cancer Recurrence. ISRN Oncology, 2013, 1-16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/290568 In his article, Ahmed gives an overview of the current knowledge regarding the recurrence of breast cancer after treatment and the challenges. He reviews existing literature on epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), cancer stem cells (CSCs), various signaling pathways such as microRNAs (miRNAs) and Notch/Wnt/Hedgehog. Also, he also examined the hypotheses that are currently undergoing an investigation to determine the prevention of breast cancer recurrence (Ahmad, 2013). Andre, F. & Zielinski, C. (2012). Optimal strategies for the treatment of metastatic triple-negative breast cancer with currently approved agents. Annals of ...

Two Benefits and two risks of hormone therapy

For the relief of menopausal symptoms, hormone therapy (HT) is an approved treatment. Two basic typed of hormone therapy are estrogen-only therapy (ET) and estrogen plus progestogen (EPT) therapy. ET is prescribed for those women without a uterus while the EPT is prescribed to women with a uterus because it works against endometrial cancer ("Menopause Hormone Therapy (HT)", 2016). Hundreds of studies have supported the effectivity of hormone therapy in controlling menopausal symptoms. It helps in hot flashes, night sweats, bone density loss and vaginal dryness. If these symptoms are controlled, this can lead to better sleep and improved ...

In fact, there are considerable differences in physical activity, emotions, interests, perception between men and women. Numerous scientists have explored and discussed if these differences are conditioned by social factors or biology. To make it clear, some think that it is biology that defines human behavior, tastes, skills etc.; others adhere to the opinion that society is a more influential impact on formation of behavior. In other words, socially created features of men and women are called "gender", "sex" is determined by biology. Unfortunately, nowadays it is possible to see numerous mistakes and discrepancies concerning the use of both ...

[Institution Title]

Introduction to gender identity disorder

Mental health is the absence of the mental disorder or the level of the psychological wellbeing. Therefore, it is the ability of a person to create an equilibrium between life activities and to enjoy life. It includes the mental, emotional and social being and therefore, it affects how we feel, think and act as we cope with life. Mental fitness determines how we make choices, handle stress, and relate to others and handling stress. Mental disorders affect our thinking, behavior, and mood. Mental disorders are caused by a family history of mental illness, genes and the life ...

There are several causes of breast cancer. Cancer is an autoimmune disease in which the immune system of the body affects its organs (Lietzen, et al.,7). Breast cancer can recur even after treatment because of several factors, namely, age, medication administrated, other diseases that may compromise the immune system and the age of the individual. Ethnicity also plays a big part in whether or not an individual is more likely to get breast cancer. White women are more than likely to get breast cancer because they have a higher incidence of getting it. Ethnic minority groups such as ...

The main purpose of the current assignment is to consider the effects of scoliosis on the organism of people, whose career appears to be directly associated with the state of their body parts and their back, in particular. Thousands of people are getting a diagnosis of scoliosis and appear to be significantly concerned about the dangerous effects of this physical disorder. Further, not only do they worry about their career as performers, but also about their health in general. What is more important, the majority of people does not have perfect spine, which has its natural peculiarities. Technically, these ...

Abstract

This paper examines what mood disorders are and what individuals with a mood disorder are likely to face. This document encompasses the different types of mood disorders and how they affect an individual in a varied manner. Most importantly, the biological basis of each has been discussed at length. Depression is the most common mood disorder, and that is why -in one way or another- all other odd disorders are likely to revolve around depression. In general, when a person has a mood disorder, they face extreme mood - either too happy, too anxious or too sad. All these ...

Anorexia nervosa

The concept I chose for this paper is anorexia nervosa. And another concept is a parental-children bond as the factor of developing symptoms of anorexia nervosa. Anorexia nervosa - eating disorder characterized by deliberate weight loss, caused by / or supported by the patient, for the purpose of weight loss or prevention of weight gain. It is more common among girls. Many experts believe that anorexia nervosa is a kind of self-harm.

DSM-IV recommends for diagnosis "anorexia nervosa" four criteria:

A. Refusal to maintain body weight at a minimum for age and height of an individual; B. Expressed fear of an increase in weight or volume of ...

Soy beans and their derivative products contain naturally occurring compounds called isoflavones. The isoflavones, occurring predominantly as daidzein and genistein, are not in actual sense estrogens, and, thus, they do not increase estrogen levels in blood when diets rich in them are taken. However, they have been noted to affect estrogen metabolism. Also known sometimes as phytoestrogens, because of producing weak-estrogen like effects in the body, isoflavones usually bind to estrogen receptor proteins, which in turn interact with one’s genetic materials in the cell. In this way, isflavones would be mimicking some of the physiological effects of the ...

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CHOLELITHIASIS:

PATIENT FACTOR; GENDER: Cholelithiasis is a gall bladder disease in which there is the presence of gall stones. Generally, females, as a gender, are particularly more vulnerable to acquire this disease especially in their fertile years. According to Völzke et al. (2005), female gender is one of the most authentically established risk factor for gall stones. It is a non-modifiable risk factor in females of reproductive age. According to Heuman (2015), the reason for this disease to commonly occur in females is thought to be due ...

Gene Editing Techniques

1. Gene Editing – General Background Gene editing entails inserting, deleting and replace the DNA in a genome of an organism utilizing engineered nucleases. Sections of the natural gene are replaced and completed using a synthetic DNA chain. Also, the natural repair process gets rid of the mismatches and gaps in the DNA. On the other hand, gene disruption is a technique by which the DNA fragment is utilized to replace a genome sequence with a chosen marker gene like the kanavanine resistance. DNA –binding proteins are proteins that consist of DNA-binding domains and hence have affinity for single and ...

Abstract

Breast Cancer is quite common among women. In the USA, around 12% of the female population get breast cancer. During the 1980s and the 1990s breast cancer was on the rise in the USA due to over usage of hormone in the birth control process. Presently, around 2.8 million females have breast cancer. Due to advancement in detection and treatment,about 90% of breast cancer patients get cured and live for a minimum of 5 years and more . There are various detection techniques for this condition, which include physical examination, mammogram and ultrasound. If detected early, small surgery with ...

The Women’s Health Initiative is a long-term national health study that started in April 1991. WHI is a result of a growing scientific interest and an urgent need for better understanding of the nature of women’s diseases. The entire project employed 161, 808 women of 50-79 years of age, and therefore, became one of the most far reaching women’s health experiments that have ever been taken in the U.S. The clinical trial consisted of three parts such as hormone therapy, dietary modification and calcium/vitamin D supplements. They were dedicated to the issue of preventing cancer, osteoporosis ...

Men and women handle many things in life differently. The aging process and middle age is one of those differences. The genetic make-up of male and female can have an impact on what effects middle age has on each gender. Middle age can also be known as mid-life crisis, and both male and females may experience changes in their self that reflect on the way their routine of life is handled at this point. Dementia in middle aged individuals is not uncommon. Health factors and memory loss can occur as we age due to the brain cells dying and ...

Definition and description of osteoporosis

Osteoporosis is a complex chronic disease, characterized by the reduction of bone mass, increasing the likelihood of bone fractures. There are two types of osteoporosis. The first type is common among the women who have the lack of estrogen during postmenopausal period. The deficit of estrogen leads to the increasing rate of bone loss. Osteoporosis type 2 is common among the male and female who are older than 70 years (Peña & Perez, 2012, p. 37). As Unnanuntana and Kleimeyer indicate, scientists predict that the incidence of hip fractures increased from 1.26 million in 1990 to 4, 5-million by ...

Women athletes and coaches have long discussed the impact of the menstrual cycle on athletic performance. Most female athletes seek for peak performance. In this regard, understanding the possible influence of menstruation and hormonal fluctuations on endurance is crucial while composing a plan for an athlete.

Question 1

The choice of the issue is dictated by its necessity to examine more details such as the effects during different age and performance levels. This very study intends to establish the menstrual impact during the prolonged exercise performance, which depends on the menstrual phase. In general, the cycle includes the follicular and luteal ...

Source One:

http://uofmhealthblogs.org/womens/pregnancy-childbirth/oh-body-will-change-pregnancy/8463/

Posted by Helen Kang Morgan, MD on September 24, 2013 In addition to the obvious physical changes as your belly grows during pregnancy, what other surprises may your body have in store for you? Pregnancy is an exciting time, but often one filled with many questions — is my baby healthy, can I do this/eat that, and what the heck is happening to my body?

During your first trimester, you’ll probably feel tired, perhaps more tired than you’ve ever felt before. Get as much rest as you can. About 70 percent of women will also ...

DHEA:

Dehydroepiandrosterone, or DHEA, is a hormone the human body produces via the adrenal glands, which are above the kidneys. The exact effect of DHEA is not yet fully identified; however, it is believed to be a precursor of the female and male sex hormones, namely estrogen and testosterone, among others. Precursors are substances that the body converts into hormones.

The production of DHEA usually reaches its peak around the mid-20s and declines ever after. The same applies to estrogen and testosterone, whose production also declines with age. For that reason, if an individual wants to increase their hormone levels, it ...

Love may refer to the emotion that is associated with strong affection and attachment. It is the virtue that represents the human compassion, kindness and affection towards other human beings, animals or one’s self. In psychology, love is depicted as a social and a cognitive phenomenon. Robert Sternberg, who was a psychologist, came up with a triangular love theory arguing that love is made up of three different components. These components are commitment, intimacy, as well as passion.

The component of intimacy occurs when two individuals share confidences and other personal details of their lives. This is usually shown in romantic love ...

Cloning is done by removing the nucleus of an egg and substituted it with the nucleus from an embryonic stem cell animal .A tadpole was produced from an adult cell of a frog by Dr. Gurdon in 1962, but it was welcomed with great distrust since the adult cells cannot assume new ones. He removed the cell nucleus from a developed intestinal cell and injected it into a frog egg. This was to test if the genome could change. The egg was reprogrammed introducing nucleus and the genes were switched to a developing egg rather than duties of an intestinal cell. From the ...

Before taking this course on anatomy and physiology, I used to know that Aging has a significant effect on the reproductive systems especially the effects of aging on fertility. However, I did not understand all the hormonal changes involved in the decline of fertility due to age in men and women. After taking this course on Reproduction, I now comprehend all the changes in reproductive systems with age in men and women. For women the most significant changes occur at menopause while changes in the male reproductive system occur gradually over a long period. The sexual functions and fertility decline with ...

Cover Letter

We appreciate your request to our consulting team for developing the marketing plan of one of your popular products. We respect Bodybuilding.com activity and its operation. It was very interesting and fruitful cooperation. Please, be kindly informed that upon your request on creating the marketing plan for one of your popular products, you are provided with the comprehensive plan below. The marketing plan consists of the description of current situation on the fitness market, competition level, formation of SWOT-analysis, recommended strategy for Bodybuilding.com, map of competitors and marketing mix details.

Thank you very much for your support.

In case any questions arise, please, contact us ...

Cover Letter

We appreciate your request to our consulting team for developing the marketing plan of one of your popular products. We respect Bodybuilding.com activity and its operation. It was very interesting and fruitful cooperation. Please, be kindly informed that upon your request on creating the marketing plan for one of your popular products, you are provided with the comprehensive plan below. The marketing plan consists of the description of current situation on the fitness market, competition level, formation of SWOT-analysis, recommended strategy for Bodybuilding.com, map of competitors and marketing mix details.

Thank you very much for your support.

In case any questions arise, please, contact us ...

Prognostic Cancer Biomarkers

The genetic diversity associated with cancer cells are shocking huge; and identifying a suitable prognostic marker is a real challenge. Prognostic cancer markers aims to evaluate objectively a patient’s overall outcome, response to treatment and chances of cancer recurrence. Prognostic markers can also help to select patients for a particular treatments and help predict the beneficial effect of the therapy. DNA, RNA, epigenetic patterns, signaling pathways, proteins, and metabolic biomolecules have been used as prognostic cancer markers. (Mehta et al., 2010)

Given below are few prognostic biomarkers commonly used in cancer medicine:

1. Beta tubulin: Beta tubulin regulates microtubule assembly in the cell. Class III tubulin are expressed by tumor of both neuronal ...

Abstract

Urinary tract infections, abbreviated as UTIs, are bacterial infections that are very common in people who reside in the nursing home of South Florida. Recurrence of UTIs in the nursing homes is very common, and 50% of women or men experience recurrence of the infection within six weeks therapy time. It becomes challenging to diagnose the UTIs in nursing homes because residents do not present genitourinary symptoms. The administration of antibiotics enhances occurrence re-infection with the organisms that are resistant and adverse effect of drugs. More research is significant on diagnosis and treatment of urinary tract infection among the ...

Following the American Psychological Association’s Guidelines

Midlife, or the age between 35 and 55, can be a complicated time for a woman. As a female enters these years, sometimes it can be difficult to navigate the waters because the things that once made her happy are no longer available, or as satisfying. This can be confusing. Other things that she never enjoyed before may be cast in a new light, and be even more enjoyable than the female ever thought possible. There may be complicated feelings about life satisfaction, which can lead to new discoveries or depression. The female may attempt sexual exploration as her body continues to mature, ...

Exercise 1: Investigation of the Testes and Ovary

- Why are the testes located outside of the body in the scrotum? The testes work best at temperature lower than the body temperatures. Therefore, process of spermatogenesis takes place optimally at temperatures slightly less than that of the body and hence the testes are located outside in the scrotum. - What process occurs in the seminiferous tubules? The seminiferous tubules form the site for germination, maturation, and transportation of the sperm cells within the testes of the male animals. The processes are called spermatogenesis. The process of meiosis takes place within the seminiferous tubules. The ...

Introduction

Over the years, research has been uncovering more and more rare diseases, especially genetic disorders. Hereditary Angioedema (HAE) is one of such rare disorders of the blood that causes a disfiguring swelling of a part of the body, particularly the face, larynx, extremities, abdomen, and genitalia. It may range from a simple painful swelling of an extremity to asphyxiation from laryngeal involvement. Diagnosis and prognosis of this condition depends on a heightened sense of awareness of the symptoms of the disease by the managing clinician and the availability of effective interventions. HAE is known to occur in people with a deficiency of a particular ...

Hormone replacement therapy can be simply defined as all the medications that contain female hormones for the replacement of those hormones that a female body does not manufacture after menopause. This therapy is a standard treatment to cure menopause symptoms. Although there are some benefits related with HRT, a majority of doctors are less likely to recommend this therapy as the concerns associated with it are much hazardous (especially for elder women). On the other hand, it could prove as a better option for certain women who have low risk factors (Cabot, 1995).

Risks of Hormone Therapy

At the same time as Hormone Replacement Therapy helps a majority ...

Hormone Replacement Therapy is also called ‘hormone therapy’. It is a process by which a person receives hormones for either of two reasons; one, to substitute other hormones with the naturally occurring ones, or two, to supplement the natural ones because they are insufficient (Peterson, Arcangelo, 2013). There are a number of forms. The first form is menopause therapy for hormone replacement therapy. This is done to replenish progesterone hormones and estrogen so as to reduce the discomfort that which is caused by lack of the mentioned hormones. It may also be done to individuals who have reached menopause prematurely. This form ...

Summary of article one The first article titled “An Overview of the Pituitary Gland: The Endocrine System's Master Gland’’ begins by restating the role pituitary gland. According to this article pituitary gland produces hormones which have effects on the various parts of the endocrine system. These include adrenal glands, thyroid glands, ovaries and testes. The author goes on to state that pituitary, which measures about one third of an inch is located at the base of the brain next to another important part of the brain called the hypothalamus. Both hypothalamus and pituitary gland functions overlap according to Reham. ...

Breast cancer can be referred to as a cancer type that originates from breast tissue, mostly from the milk ducts’ inner lining or the lobules, which supply the ducts with milk (Sariego, 2010). Cancers arising from ducts are called ductal carcinomas, as those from lobules are called lobular carcinomas. Breast cancer affects humans, as well as other mammals. Breast cancer also affects in men. Breast cancer occurs due to an environmental factor’s interaction with a host that is genetically susceptible. Normal cells undergo division as many times as required and stop. They get attached to other cells where they ...

[Author Name(s), First M. Last, Omit Titles and Degrees] [Institutional Affiliation(s)] [Include any grant/funding information and a complete correspondence address.] Breast cancer is one of the deadliest cancer prevalent in the modern world. According to the Journal of national Comprehensive Cancer Network, the author Therese B. Bevers, (2009) clearly states that Women in the United States have an increased risk of breast cancer. The incidents and the mortality due to breast cancer has also drastically increased in past decade. Thus considering all above statistics, it is very clear that breast cancer is a grave disease. However, ...

Parabens are parahydroxybenzoates or simply esters of parahydroxybenzoic acid. Methylparaben, ethylparaben, propylparaben, butylparaben and heptylparaben are the most commonly used parabens. Parabens are naturally found in many plant sources. Methylparaben, which is antimicrobial in nature, is available in blueberries. Parabens are also produced synthetically for commercial purposes. Parabens are used as ingredients in manufacturing a variety of consumer products because of the nature of parabens to fight bacteria and fungus. Parabens are the popular and approved preservatives used to preserve commercial food items and manufacture various cosmetic and skin care products since they are found to have less allergy-inducing and ...

- Introduction It was Sigmund Freud who first suggested that human psychosexual development is heavily influenced by one’s relationship with one’s father or mother (Katz-Wise 2). However, in reality, the development of sexuality is quite different and significantly more complex. Gender identity has become different from sexual identity, and one’s sexual orientation is different still (Katz-Wise 2). Before detailing the prevailing arguments regarding sexual identity and all the issues that go along with it, it is first important to understand the nature of the discussion. Sexual identity, for the purposes of discussion here, will ...

The decrease in world’s petroleum and oil supply has led the nations to look for alternate sources of energy. As a result of this short-supply, unconventional gas reserves are gaining importance as alternative source of crude oil, where the unconventional gas reserves are estimated to contribute to 45% of the US gas production by the year 2035. Large-scale extraction of unconventional natural gas has resulted in the development of new and untested extraction technology such as hydraulic fracturing or hydrofracking, which is expected to develop rapidly in the next few decades near human settlements and pose a health hazard (Adgate, ...

Introduction

The process of aging has always intrigued people. The conundrum related to the reasons for aging, the timing for aging, the aging marker, and whether or not there is a limit for people to grow old has created a mystery that has been dwelt upon by the mankind for hundreds of years. Despite the advancement made in the study of genetics and molecular biology, the mysteries surrounding the aging body are yet to be unfolded. There are several theories of aging, which try to explain why the body organs, skin and sensory capabilities degrade with age. However, all theories have some ...

Slide 2: Myth and Reality

Myth Hormones released during pregnancy protects women from psychological order and fosters a period of well-being. Reality 20% women suffer from anxiety disorders and severe mood swings during the prenatal period whether or not a person has a history of mental illness, depression and anxiety disorder.

Slide 3: Biological Changes

- Hormonal - Increased Level of Estrogen for fetus and mild ducts development and breast enlargement. - Side effect – Nausea and depression - Increased level of Progesterone for Uterus development - Side effects – weight gain, skin pigmentation and water retention. - Other Changes - Vision Changes ...

Discussion

Breast cancer continues to be the primary cause of cancer morbidity and mortality among women. Significant variation is observed in breast cancer survival rates from one geographic area to another (Jemal et al., 2010, Curado, 2011). Interestingly, while the Middle East, along with sub-Saharan Africa and Asian countries have the lowest rates of breast cancer in the world, the incidence has been rapidly increasing over the last twenty years, as it has been with other cancers (Amoori et al., 2014). Some of the factors that play a role in early detection include improved screening practices and education (Curado, 2011). .In ...

The study of gender communication plays a crucial role in the existence and maintenance of the gender system. Communication problems originate due to the differential patterns of communication in me and women. In fact they are the major cause of marital conflicts. Difference of sex in communication locates gender rather social relations. Critics claim that women are responsible for both miscommunication as well as minimizing the conflicts. In the article, Louann Brizendine describes that gender communication results from the biological differences in the brain. On the other hand, Brenda Allen argues that gender communication depends on differences in power and ...

Specific purpose: With this speech, the audience will: a) have a better understanding of the role of aluminum in deodorants/antiperspirants, b) understand the connection of aluminum to health problems, and c) know if we should worry about the use of deodorants/antiperspirants.

Introduction:

- Attention Getting Device: Who here happens to use deodorants or antiperspirants? Did you know that most deodorants and antiperspirants contain aluminum (Chameides)? Well, it just so happens that there exists a connection between aluminum and some serious health problems, such as breast cancer, Alzheimer’s disease and kidney problems (Watson). But, should you worry? - Thesis: There is a connection ...

Introduction

There was a time when women, in order to rid themselves of unwanted pregnancy, would risk their lives by inserting coat hangers or knitting needles into their vagina to abort a child. Abortion, which refers to the process of terminating pregnancy after a woman has conceived, is debated largely even today. One better way to avoid the circumstances that lead to abortion is to go for birth control options that inhibit pregnancy in the first place. Today, there are a number of birth control options available including contraceptive pill, patch, vaginal ring, IUD, diaphragm, male condom, female condom and implant, but the most ...

Breast cancer is the most common type of cancer found in women, second only to melanoma. Although breast cancer occurs in both men and women it is far more frequently diagnosed in women. Increased awareness and support for breast cancer on a community and national level as improved the ability to detect breast cancer early, and to diagnose type of cancer accurately and quickly has led to new treatments and increased survival rates.

Background Information

Breast cancer is a type of malignancy that begins in the breast tissue. There are two primary kinds of breast cancer. The first, called ductal carcinoma, forms in ...