Essays on Active Transport

People working in manufacturing and chemical industries are more prone to health hazards as they are exposed to dangerous substances that have adverse health effects on them. Frequent exposure to synthetic substances causes nausea, vomiting, and headaches, which, if not treated at earlier stages turn into life threatening diseases. These substances directly or indirectly exert toxic elements through biological, chemical, physical, genetic or psychological agents on living organisms and other biological systems, and this study is known as toxicology. In an organism these toxic elements are absorbed systematically through the skin, lungs, or gastro-intestinal tracts. The effect of these ...

Magnesium is an essential nutrient

Magnesium is a mineral which is of great abundance in the human body. Along with enzymes, it is important for protein synthesis, muscle regulation and a host of other important cellular factors such as oxidative phosporylation, energy production which involves production and utilization of ATP and glycolysis. Additionally, Magnesium is required to assist in different cellular processes such as DNA replication and transcription and RNA translation(Barbagallo, 2012). Magnesium is found usually in the bones and or in the soft tissues of humans. Next to Potassium, it is the most abundant ion in the body. The plasma actually contains ...

Cell Description and Shape Attributes

 Essential life molecules, which make up all living organisms, are bound together by a membrane to form a cell’s structural unit (Hand, 2018). The diverse cell shapes in eukaryotes and prokaryotes reveal each cell’s function. Each cell develops a form related to its function. For example, neurons contain extensions (axons and dendrites) that pass quick messages to the entire body (Alberts et al., 2015). Erythrocytes have a flexible shape to facilitate easy movement across capillaries. Pollen grains contain spikes for easy attachment to pollinating agents.

Passive Mechanism of Movement

Molecules move into and out of cells, and where energy is absent, the movement is ...

Abstract

Cell membranes act as hindrances to most, not all, molecules. Advancement of a cell layer that could permit a few materials to pass while obliging the movement of different molecules was a significant venture in the evolution of the unit. Unit membranes are differentially (or semi-) penetrable obstructions dividing the internal cell environment from the external cell (or) nature's domain.

Water potential is the inclination of water to move from a zone of higher focus to one of easier fixation. Energy exists in two structures: potential and kinetic. Water molecules move consistent with contrasts in potential energy between where they are and ...

Microbial nutrition is essential in the survival and growth of microorganisms. Talaro and Chess considers several factors which are key players in the survivability of microbes in order to adapt or “inhabit all parts of the biosphere.” Among these factors include nutrients, temperature, pH, water availability, atmospheric gases, light, pressure and other organisms inhabiting the earth. Nutrition in essence is that which chemical substance in the form of nutrients are ingested inside the body such that when assimilated leads to the formation of energy to be used for metabolic activities.

Organisms require organic forming compound elements such as ...

Membrane transport refers to the mechanisms by which ions and other small molecules move across the lipid bilayer of the plasma membrane. The lipid bilayer of the plasma membrane allows the passage of certain molecules down their concentration gradient. This passage depends on the charge, size and polarity of the molecule. Non-polar molecules and small polar molecules diffuse easily across the cell membrane by the process of simple diffusion. However, it becomes difficult for charged polar molecules to enter the cell even though the concentration of the ion is more outside the cell when compared to the cytosol. At ...

Anatomy deals with the study of forms and body structures (both internal and external) along different levels of organization such as molecules, cells, tissues, organs and organ system. These forms and body structures performs a corresponding function which is responsible for the growth and development of an organism. The study that deals “with the patterns and processes through which the body functions in its environment” is known as physiology (Starr, Evers and Starr, 2008). Physiology is essential in understanding how anatomical structures perform individual and group task related to the activities of the body. For instance, one segment of the ...

Q1 Insolation can be described as the amount of energy of solar radiation received on a certain surface area and recorded in a given time. It is also known as solar irradiation and expressed as daily irradiation when recorded during a day and hourly irradiation when recorded during an hour. Throughout the year, the seasons undergo changes based on the quantity of sunlight hitting the Earth as it circles around the Sun. Seasons occur as a result of Earth tilting on its axis, moving in a loop around the Sun every year. Summer occurs when the hemisphere is angled towards the Sun ...

BBB functions and physiology: The central nervous system (CNS) necessitates a highly controlled environment for its proper functioning. Blood brain barrier is the system which maintains the homeostasis of the CNS. It works by separating and shielding the brain from the constant changes in the nutrient and chemical composition of systemic blood. It protects the brain tissue from harmful chemicals that might be present in the blood. The key functions of the BBB are transport of nutrients from the blood to brain and metabolites in opposite direction to systemic circulation. Only a small number of molecules are allowed access through the ...

Abstract

The paper articulates the electrolyte and fluid study by describing functions and location of various body fluids and factors that affects variations in fluid compartments. These body fluids involves Body fluids involve blood plasma, mucus and lymphatic fluid, saliva and gastric juice, and other fluids such as tears, sweat, semen and vaginal secretions. The functions, regulation, sources and losses of the main electrolytes in the body are also described. The paper also outlines the basic principles of some of the processes that occur in human body such as osmosis, filtration, active transport and diffusion. In order to understand ...

Introduction

Growth of American Middle Class as a catalyst to cases of Childhood Obesity Obesity has been one of the greatest problems facing the United States today. Many people both young and old continue to die as a result of health complication results from obesity. Many scholars have, like Thomas Friedman has attributed the increased rates of obesity in the United States on the growing culture of consumerism within the American middle class. The continued economic stability within the advanced industrial nations has allowed many lower class people to move to the middle class. This means that the size of the ...

Abstract

Childhood obesity currently exists as a substantial problem in the United States and other countries, due to a combination of factors stemming from a lack of physical activity and insufficient nutrition, among others (Brockman et al., 2010). These are just some of the factors relating to childhood obesity that are found in an individual's macrosystem; cultural and social attributes that surround children, as well as laws and customs, contribute heavily to childhood obesity. Due to the combined macrosystemic components that comprise an individual's socialization, multiple factors contribute to childhood obesity, including media depictions of fast food, limited access to healthy food for ...

INTRODUCTION

Physical activity is a much smaller priority among youth in America and other countries, including the UK (Brockman et al., 2010). These habits of a sedentary lifestyle most often translate into inactivity as an adult as well, increasing the risk of mortality and disease (Gustafson and Rhodes, 2006). Obesity and cardiovascular disease is often linked to inactivity in children, causing significant health problems for youth around the world (Cleland and Venn, 2010). More successful interventions promoting physical activity in youth must be found and implemented if youth health is to be improved.

Active play is one method in which physical activity ...

The Interdependency of the Digestive System, Respiratory System, and Cardiovascular Systems

In the supply, of nutrients and the removal of waste products in the human system, four organ system are involved; the digestive system, the circulatory system, respiratory system and excretory system. The digestive system comprises of the mouth, stomach, small intestine and the liver.

The digestion of the carbohydrate begins in the mouth. The predominant carbohydrate is the starch. In the mouth, enzyme salivary amylase hydrolyses the starch to disaccharides and trisaccharide. The remaining starch from the mouth is taken to the duodenum, the upper chamber of the small intestine where it is hydrolyzed by enzyme pancreatic amylase. The ...