Essays on Fatty

Energy Storage inform of Lipids

Lipids are a class of natural compounds that are hydrophobic in nature and consist of ketoacyl and isoprene groups. They include sterols, waxes, fats, glycerides, phospholids and fat soluble vitamins such as vitamins A, E and K. Lipids are structural compounds being components of the cell wall but also serve in energy storage and signaling. The signaling function of lipids results from their use in nerve cell axons and as bases for hormones. After digestion and absorption lipids are carried as lipoproteins by blood to the liver which regulates lipid levels in blood. Excess lipids are converted to adipose ...

Introduction

Beef is a significant source of proteins, and it is estimated that meat has 16.5 percent protein content (Chapter 9). Meat also has a considerable concentration of fats. Meat is an important source of proteins and fats, but it is unfortunate that excessive consumption of meat and meat products leads to the development of cardiovascular diseases owing to the presence of trans-fatty acids in those products. Dieticians worldwide are recommending that people should reduce the consumption of trans-fatty acids, but increase their intake of essential fatty acids. Essential fatty acids are more beneficial than trans-fatty acids (Chapter 8). Previous ...

Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Analysis (GC-MS) is a technique that incorporates chromatographic and spectroscopic techniques in separating and identifying constituents in a sample. According to Erika, Josefina and Maria (2011), the major goal of the technique is in quantifying an amount of a sample, which is done by comparing the relative concentrations among the atomic masses in the produced spectrum. The sample that needs to be quantified is organic and volatile, or semi volatile. The GC part is used to separate is essential in carrying out separation techniques where mixtures are isolated from their constituents using a temperature-controlled capillary column. ...

Introduction

The term lipids is used to refer to a group of organic compounds that are naturally occurring and that are all soluble in non-organic solvents such as benzene , chloroform, acetone and ether but not soluble in water. The later characteristic means that lipids can also be defined as amphiphilic or hydrophobic small modules. This amphophilic nature of lipids essentially allows them to be able to form structures such as liposome’s, vesicles or membranes when subjected to aqueous environments. The biological lipids mainly originate from two major build-blocks or biochemical sub-units: isoprene and ketoacyl groups. Another distinct characteristic of ...

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus is the metabolic diseases that result from an increased level of blood sugar. It is divided into three main categories, Type 1 and 2 diabetes mellitus, and the gestational diabetes. The treatment aims at effectively controlling the level of glucose, as well as lipid content in blood. The treatment may be in the form of a drug, pancreas replacement, herbal drug or dietary therapy. The most effective way of managing diabetes is through dietary therapy, as well as lifestyle management. The use of dietary therapy in the management of diabetes is a safe and a very effective ...

Introduction

This analysis will focus on the excess intake of saturated fats and cardiovascular disease. The analysis is based on the report detailing my nutrient intake recorded for two days starting from September 4, 2014 to September 6, 2014. According to the analysis, my diet during the two-day period predisposes me to cardiovascular disease since it is high in saturated fats. According to the food guidelines given by USDA, saturated fats should contribute less than 10 percent of the total daily calories. However, my nutrient report indicates that saturated fats contribute 12 percent of my total daily calorie intake. Consequently, ...

In the article “After all those warnings about saturated fat being unhealthy for hearts Stop feeling guilty! That juicy steak is good for you,” Bee (2013) explains that scientific evidence is beginning to refute previous beliefs about saturated fat being bad for health by increasing risk of heart attacks. However, a cohort study by Yavchitz et al. (2012) found that the quality of media reports on scientific studies is often questionable, so it is important to be cautious when accepting statements presented by mainstream media. Upon conducting the assessment of medical news reported in the media, the researchers found ...

Report Epidemiology Cardiovascular diseases and dietary fats

- Introduction - Cardiovascular Diseases - What is Cardiovascular Diseases (CVD)? CVDs include diseases of the heart, vascular diseases of the brain and diseases of blood vessels such as coronary heart disease, atherosclerosis, hypertension, stroke, peripheral vascular disease and heart failure. Coronary heart disease (CHD) is the most deadly CVD that due to lacking blood flow to the network of blood vessels surrounding the heart, also named coronary artery disease (CAD) or ischemic heart disease (IHD) (Nabel and Braunwald, 2012). - The pathology of heart attack and stroke Atherosclerosis is the major cause of CVD. The underlying disease ...

Lorenzo’s Oil, directed by George Miller, tells the story of Michaela and Augusto Odone’s struggle to understand adrenoleukodystrophy (ALD), a rare genetic disease that afflicts their son Lorenzo. This movie highlights the difficulty associated with trying to find a treatment for a devastating disease that affects only a small number of people. These “orphan” diseases like ALD are understudied and often the only treatment option is participation in experimental therapeutic trials. Lorenzo’s Oil takes the viewer on a journey through medical science as two devoted parents try to save their son’s life. Lorenzo (played by ...

Good and Bad Fats

Fats can be classified as saturated fats and unsaturated fats. Unsaturated fats can be classified further as cis and trans unsaturated fats. Saturated fats are considered as bad fats. They consist of a long chained linear structure, high melting point and contain higher energy than unsaturated fats. These characteristics make them tightly bound to the body. Unsaturated cis fats have similar structures to saturated fats and are easy to deposit in the body. Unsaturated trans fats are good fats. They have a lower melting point, bent structure that allows for efficient packing, and can be broken down more easily ...

In numerous ways, the human body can be regarded as chemical dispensation plant. In that, chemicals are ingested, processed via a variety of types of reactions, and then dispensed all over the body to be utilized instantaneously or accumulated for later utility. These chemicals utilized by the body can be separated into two wide groups: the macronutrients, those that we require frequently and in great quantities, and micronutrients, those that we require merely in small amounts. Among the macronutrients, there are three major classes necessary to living organisms: carbohydrates, fats, and proteins.

Simple Carbohydrates vs. complex ...

[Student] [Professor] 1a) Name and describe sex-specific forms of obesity with regard to body shape. What are the differences, if any, in health risks, associated with each shape? Answer : There are various forms of obesity that are signified by age, gender and genetic predisposition. The sex-specific forms of obesity include Android obesity and Gynoid obesity. Both are in contrast with each other with respect to human tendency of developing adipose tissue in the body. The Android obesity is signified by fat deposit in "apple-shape" including shoulder, nape of neck, chest in the upper abdomen which is more evident ...

- Ingestion of fava beans increases the formation of free radicals in red blood cells which in turn causes disruption on the normal functioning or reduction of Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase enzyme. Consequently, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase reduces and therefore the red blood cells are incapable of defending themselves from the detrimental effects of reactive oxygen species. This makes the damaged cells to breakdown and rupture prematurely hence hemolysis.

Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase pathway

The G6PD gene is located from base pair 153,759,605 to base pair 153,775,795 on the X chromosome. - Fatty acid synthesis occurs in the cell cytoplasm. Fatty acid synthesis is ...

Introduction

Saponification number is defined as the number of milligrams of KOH required to saponify completely 1 gm of fat. Since fats are mixture of triglycerides, most of which are of mixed type, so saponification number is measure of average molecular weight of the fatty acids comprising the fats (i.e. the measure of the average chain length of fatty acids). Saponification number is an important constant particularly in distinguishing or identifying certain oils. Iodine number is defined as the number of grams of iodine absorbed by 100 gm of fat. Halogens, e.g. iodine or bromine are taken up by ...

Why are lipids important?

Lipids are a form of organic molecules, which are categorized together based on their solubility in non-polar solvents. There are four key lipid groups, which include fatty acids, glycerides, nonglyceride lipids and Complex lipids. Lipids are important since they serve different biological functions, which include storage of energy, source of energy, structural components of the cell membrane, adsorption of vitamins, protection, as well as insulation.

Can the body produce essential fatty acids (EFA’s)? If not, how does thebody obtain these needed lipids?

Essential fatty acids (EFAS) include omega-6 also known as linoleic acid and omega-3 also known as alpha-linolenic acid. The body does not produce them, but they are needed and are used to make other ...

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the number one cause of mortality in the US. According to American heart association statistics, nearly one million men and women succumb to various complications from CVD. In the US, CVD claims more lives than cancer and AIDS combined (CDC, 2012). It is also one of the leading causes of deaths worldwide (WHO). The economic cost of CVD in 2008 was estimated to be $448.9 billion, which was double the cost estimated for the year 2007, $219 billion. There are a number of factors to the incidence of CVD. These include non modifiable factors such ...

Dieting has become an urgent problem of nowadays for many people. Obesity, high cholesterol level, killing heart diseases, and diabetes are haunting people making them look for a way to prevent or cure them. Dieting is often a solution they seek. For more than thirty years a low-fat diet has been considered a panacea. But is it really as efficient as it is said? The idea of limiting the amount of fat intake to avoid cholesterol level increase and resultant heart diseases was first introduced as early as in the mid-1979s by Marshal Matz and Alan Stone, members of ...

Food items such as eggs, vegetable oil, walnut, fish and milk all vary greatly from each other. Do these items still have anything in common? The answer to this question is ‘Yes’. Lipids are the ones arousing a sense of similarity between them. Lipids are the group of organic compounds like fats, mono-glycerides, di-glycerides, tri-glycerides, fat soluble vitamins (A, D, E and k) and some components of membranes which usually do not react with water but yet they group together. In other words, Lipids may be defined as the molecules containing hydrocarbons and making up the building blocks of ...

Peterson Robin

24 Robust Road

Thompson, VA 735598

The Vice Chancellor Brookshire University 2755 Virgin Drive

Hometown, NJ 60245

Dear Ms. Bryson, RE: Healthy Dining Options The reason why I am writing this letter is to express my concern over the campus diet being offered. Though I am a freshman and I have been here only for a short period, I must admit that I have issues with the food which is being offered in the different campus eating joints. For the two and a half months I have been suffering a great deal over the fatty foods which unfortunately lack any alternative. I have therefore taken ...

Nutrition Paper

Part 1. Scott, Paul. “5 Fishy Food Claims”. Men’s Health. August 2011. Web. Retrieved

Part 2.

In the August 2011 issue of Men’s Health Magazine it was stated that there is really no strong evidence based from prospective epidemiologic studies that will confirm that dietary saturated fat is closely related to adding the risk of stroke, Coronary Heart Disease (COD) or Cardiovascular Diseases (CVD) based on the author’s interview with scientist Dr. Ronald Krauss (Krauss, Men’s Health). According to the article that was published in Men’s Health, the claim that saturated fat is sinful must be ...

The blood vessels of the human body are predominantly made up of endothelial cells (EC) and smooth muscle cells (SMC). The remainder of it is composed of extracellular matric (ECM), which includes collagen, elastin, and glycosaminoglycans (Robbins, 2007, pg. 340). The walls of the vessels can be separated into three layers. The innermost layer, or tunica intima is made up of a single layer of endothelial cells overlying extracellular matrix (Robbins, 2007, pg.340) The next layer, or tunica media is separated from the tunica intima by the internal elastic lamina; the tunica media is mainly composed of SMC’s ...

Introduction

Biomass is a biological material obtained from a living organism or a recently living organism. The word biomass is derived from two Greek words; bio meaning life, and maza meaning mass (Demirbas, “Fuels from Biomass” 43). Biomass means non-fossil and bio-decomposable organic matter (originating from plants, animals and microorganisms). The products, byproducts, residues and waste from agricultural processing, all constitute biomass. Bio-waste simply means non-fossil and biodegradable waste that is composed of organic matter. Bio-wastes include food and kitchen wastes, garden and park wastes, and wastes from food processing plants. Bio-waste is therefore an element of biomass. Non-fossil wastes ...

Introduction

Waste biomass is usually in the form of manure, agricultural residues, municipal sewage sludge, municipal solid waste, and industrial bio-sludge which can be converted to animal feeds, alcohol fuels or industrial chemicals. There are various processes which are employed to convert this waste into the respective useful end products rather than being dumped away. The complexity of these processes depends on the kind of technologies being used. Conversions of waste biomass into renewable energy forms play a major role in reducing the dependence on crude oil and thus promote economic growth. The process of waste biomass conversion to useful ...

Abstract

Adequate nutrition is required for optimal wound healing. The normal processes that allow the progress of wound healing are disrupted due to nutritional deficiencies. Increased infection rates and decreased wound tensile strength are associated with malnutrition. Chronic on-healing wounds are formed in malnourished patients or individuals. Such patients can develop infections, pressure ulcers, and delayed wound healing. Morbidity and mortality among malnourished patients with chronic wounds constitute a serious clinical concern. Wound healing is considered as a complex process. It is the process of replacing injured tissue with new tissue (produced by the body). Production of new tissue is ...

Obesity is a disease, in which metabolism is violated and there occurs excessive accumulation of body fat. According to most researchers of this problem, the main causes of obesity are excessive food intake and lack of physical activity. Heredity also plays an important role, but people run hereditary mechanisms of obesity themselves by not respecting the basic rules. What contributes to obesity? Irrational, unbalanced, abundant food. It is consumption of excessive amounts of easily digestible carbohydrates (sweets, flour, etc.) and fats (butter, fatty meats, lard, etc.) and inadequate intake of vitamins, essential trace elements and other vital components of ...

Food manufacturers often use hydrogenated fats as functional ingredients to improve the shelf-life of food materials. The chemical process through which hydrogenated fats are produced is termed as fat hydrogenation. Essentially, this process involves addition of hydrogen atoms to a double bond existing between carbon atoms in a fatty acid chain, which turns unsaturated fats into saturated ones (Leigh). During fat hydrogenation, hydrogen gas is forced into unsaturated fats such as oils at a very high temperature (250 to 400oC) and pressure in the presence of a metal catalyst such as nickel, copper, zinc or platinum. The high temperature ...

http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ 2. http://www.blackmores.com.au/products/joint-formula-with-glucosamine-chondroitin http://www.naturesway.com/ 3. Interaction between health supplements and prescription medication

Part A is answered for interaction between various agents

Fish oil and aspirin A clinical study was carried on 10 healthy patients to investigate the effect of omega 3 fatty acid prescription in combination with aspirin on the platelet aggregation effect and bleeding time. Aspirin alone inhibited platelet aggregation in presence of low concentration of collagen.Omega3 fatty acid treatment did not inhibit platelet aggregation under the experimental condition; however combination of aspirin and omega 3 fatty acid inhibited blood platelet aggregation. This study demonstrated the efficacy of prescribing omega-3 fatty acid (fish oil) with aspirin to ...

(City, State)

Introduction

A balanced diet refers to the food intake, which incorporates all the dietary needs of an organism in the right proportions. This is unlike the adequate diet, which includes the energy that is sufficient energy for the need of an individual. A balanced diet, therefore, includes both sufficient energy as well as all the dietary requirements that are needed by an individual at the right proportion. The main components that make up a balanced diet include carbohydrate, proteins, vitamins, fats, dietary fiber, water and minerals. Carbohydrates as a source of nutrients in the body are usually broken ...

Information Research AssignmentBIOL1070 / BIOL2149 / BIOL2303

Program: Telephone: Postal address: [essential for returning PG assignments]

Save the assignment as: 2013 BIOL Info_Res_assignment_your given name_family name.doc

All questions must be completed to pass the library component of the course. Q.1 1.1 Explain your research topic in 100-200 words. Noodles play a very crucial role in nutrition provision to the world population. They are very popular since they are easy to cook and are very nutritious. Dried, wet as well as instant noodles are used in large quantities, in China and South-East Asia. Noodles are made by mixing what flour and salt to make white noodles or with alkaline solution to make yellow noodles (Whitehurst & Van Oort, ...

Purpose

The purpose of this experiment is to prepare soap through the saponification process and use it to test water hardness. Procedure The saponification process began by placing approximately 5 grams of lard in a beaker. 15 mL of sodium Hydroxide (6 M) was slowly and carefully added followed by an addition of 25 mL of ethanol. After adding ethanol, the beaker was heated while stirring until the base fully reacted with the lard. The result was a clear and homogenous solution. After cooling the solution, 20 mL of water was added. The next step involved the preparation of saturated ...

Wellness: Health Promotion and Disease

Question 1

The psychologist Daniel Levinson identified five developmental tasks for young adults. These are 1) pursuing a dream; 2) creating relationships; 3) developing an occupational career; 4) forming a marriage and family; and 5) building responsibility in the larger community. The tasks are all interdependent, meaning that achieving one affects the possibility of accomplishing the other four (StudyMode.com, 2011). For example, developing a career may provide the financial stability necessary to pursue a dream or to form a family. Creating a relationship with another person may lead to marriage and a family, while creating a relationship with a ...

Abstract

Depression refers to a mental condition that is characterized by several symptoms that include but are not limited to: lethargy, isolation, prolonged periods of sadness, sudden emotional outburst such as crying for no particular reason, bouts of rage, self destructive tendencies such as cutting or biting, anxiety, paranoia, loss of appetite or unusual increase in appetite characterized by binge eating, insomnia and hostility. Recent estimates indicate that 1 out of every 10 individuals in the United States in termed as clinically depressed. The study also found that those likely to e depressed are: persons without any source of income, ...

Introduction

Good nutrition plays a vital role in maintaining good health as well as in the prevention and management of various diseases. In order to maintain healthy organs and strong bones, and to produce hormones necessary for the proper functioning of organs, the body needs carbohydrates, proteins, vitamins, minerals and fats. In consequence of dietary changes, both first world and third world countries are increasingly being affected by chronic diseases. In reality, diet-related chronic ailments such as obesity, cardiovascular disease, cancer, diabetes and arthritis are the most common ...

Introduction

In previous decades, epidemics were associated entirely with communicable diseases. However, a recent global phenomenon is the significant rise in incidence of chronic diseases linked to individual lifestyles. Unhealthy diet, inadequate physical activity, smoking, and alcohol intake all play a role in initiating the physiologic changes that lead to the development and progression of lifestyle-related conditions including cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, and cancer (Strychar, Elisha & Schmitz, 2012). These are the top causes of death in populations as reported by many countries. Because of the association with lifestyle factors, such illnesses are largely preventable but require complex management once ...

Apart from good fats there is another food containing bad fat that one should avoid in the best way possible for a good health. Despite avoiding these fats, people are by consensus getting fatter increasing the trend for obesity. The major problem is that we are eating low fat foods and avoiding red meats like the plague. In Chris Kresser’s article, He gives some amazing and interesting facts about Grass Fed Beef VS. Grain Fed Beef. After reading the article, one would change his or her approach towards some eating habits. People avoid buying grass fed beef because ...

Question#1

Nutrition also known as aliment or nourishment, is the stipulation, to organisms and cells, of the materials essential (in food form) to support life. Most common health complications can be curbed or combated with a healthy diet. The diet of an organism is determined by the palatability of foods with regard to what it eats. In this study I am going to let you know how nutrients need to change throughout the life cycle: during the infancy and early child hood, and adolescent and adult hood respectively. Requirements for micronutrients and macronutrients are advanced on a per–kilogram base ...

Abstract

Oxidation is a common problem in olive oil due to its high content of unsaturated fatty acid, this leads to nutritional losses and quality degradation, especially under microwave heating. A number of studies have been done to add natural antioxidants to reduce oxidation. This project examines the possible application of olive leaves to reduce or inhibit olive oil oxidation under microwave heating. Olive leaves were able to increase the total polyphenol content as well as reducing the peroxide value in olive oil. However, the microwave heating caused severe quality degradation (increasing peroxide value and reducing total polyphenol) especially after ...

Abstract

Alcohol abuse related problems contribute to numerous deaths in the United States. These involve heath and non-health related circumstances. This paper reviews alcohol related problems in a deeper perspective. It analyzes the psychological toils that prevail in an individual who abuses alcohol. Secondly, it analyzes the advanced stage of alcohol abuse which is alcohol addiction. The problems encountered by an alcoholic and the symptoms are listed to act as guidelines when analyzing an alcohol dependent individual. The psychological implications of excessive consumptions of alcohol are discussed and it is advised that if people must engage in drinking, they should ...

When someone is obese, it means that he or she has accumulated so much fat in the body that it negatively affects their health. A Body Mass Index of between 25 and 29.9 is considered over weight. If the BMI is 30 and above, then the person is obese. Childhood obesity occurs when the weight of a child is above normal for his or her age and height. This exposes them to health problems such as diabetes, high levels of cholesterol and high blood pressure. Childhood obesity is a serious public health problem in Australia and globally. It has ...

Discussion Board

Nutrition - The food selected is Egg whole cooked, Omelet and the portion is 1 large serving of 61 grams. The carbohydrate, protein and lipid content are 0.39 g, 6.45 g and 7.11 g. Omelet serving of 61 grams contain energy of 94 Kcal. Omelet is rich in phosphorus, potassium, sodium and calcium. It has excellent quantity of vitamin A, RAE, Vitamin A, IU, Vitamin D, and retinol. The food has excellent quantity of choline, Lutein + zeaxanthin and has good quantity of Folate.

Water – The water is 46.44 grams in 61 grams of omelet. Water is an important nutrient, ...

Preamble

Career exploration is one of the most significant phenomena, yet it is necessitated by the need for knowledge and understanding of the environment. While carrying out a career exploration program at a gym popularly known as “Anytime Fitness,” certain issues were noted. Some of the issues observed violated the code of ethics that is required of a professional dietetic. The professional, who was working at the gym, is a white man that has been in the profession for about five years. While working at the gym, the dietician worked with a female African American.

Situation

The young woman probably in ...

Acrylamide is a substance that has the molecular formula of C3H5NO. The chemical acrylamide also is designated as prop- 2- amide. Acrylamide is a crystalline odorless white substrate that is soluble in chloroform, ether, ethanol and water. Acrylamide becomes decomposed in the presence of iron salts, iron, oxidizing agents, bases and acids. Acrylamide deconstructs into ammonia, carbon monoxide and nitrous oxides (European Food Safety Authority 1; Gilbert & Maurissen 32; Grob et al. 187; Lawley et al. 340; Mattram et al. 449; National Cancer Institute 1; Skog & Viklund 365; Zhang & Chen 7).

BACKGROUND

Acrylamide is a chemical substance that is applied ...

Ryan is a bright student; he understands lectures, finishes homework early and has an eye for detail. However, Ryan’s test scores do not reflect the diligent effort he puts into studying. His teachers are concerned and same is true for his parents. Ryan has had many sessions with the school counselor who diagnosed him with test anxiety. Test anxiety or anxiety related factors can affect the performance of students in exams and other classroom tasks. A significant body of research exists on the type of stressors on students that implicitly affect test performance. Anxiety-related performance deficits can have ...

1- The chapter opens with these words: “ Neeru, shouei, maima, aqua. In any language, water is the most abundant compound on the surface of the Earth.” - Explain the term compound and also why water is not an element. Answer: Compound is a chemical entity made from combination of two or more different elements. These elements lose their individual identities when they combine to form a compound and possess unique properties subjected to that compound. Water is made from two molecules of hydrogen and one molecule of oxygen. Hydrogen and oxygen individually are elements but when combined in the ...

Child obesity has been on the rise in the recent years. Most of the children aged 2-19 years have been considered obese or are almost being overweight. This is an alarming issue in terms of health matters. Children and adolescent risk a lot in this condition, and they do need help to cut down their weight. In the last thirty years, the number of children with obesity has doubled. There are various risk of being obese, this cut across all human beings. One can easily get type two diabetes and cancer. There is a risk of being diagnosed with ...

INTRODUCTION

Soft drink is also popularly known as soda, soda pop and pop. They are usually non-alcoholic but contain carbonated gases. Regular soft drinks contain fructose and diet soft drinks contain aspartame instead of fructose. Aspartame is 160 times sweeter than sugar. Fructose has been associated with high visceral fat accumulation in mice, which ultimately results in obesity. Obesity does not just mean being overweight, but also means the person is at risk of hypertension, heart problems, high blood pressure, fatty liver syndrome and is at risk of developing diabetes. Studies show soda drinks corrode the calcium out of the ...

“The Depression Cure: The 6-Step Program to Beat Depression without Drugs” by Ilardi (2009) is a self-help book for people who suffer from depression that helps them make lifestyle changes associated with improvements in depression scores. The book is divided into three sections, which include understanding depression, therapeutic lifestyle change, and making the change. In understanding depression, the author begins with describing a case study of a patient he had personally treated for depression. Of course, it is noted that names throughout the books were changed to protect the patient-therapist privacy while allowing the author to build trust and ...

Movie review: ‘what time is it there’ and ‘pushing hands’

The two movies, ‘What time is it there’ and pushing hands are similar and also different in a number of ways. In both movies, we find at least two contrasting situations, for instance, in what time is it there, we realize that the two sittings we have totally different situations. They are Taipei, Taiwan and Paris, France. Chen Shiang-Chyi who goes to Paris finds totally different conditions there and she feels out of place, lonely and bored too. She misses sex and has to find another woman to help her ease it. On the other hand in ‘pushing hands’, ...

a) Background and Significance Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus is a chronic disorder characterized by two main features: high blood glucose level (hyperglycemia) and insulin resistance. The disorder was formerly referred to as non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. The pathophysiology of type 2diabetes is progressive, characterized by decreased insulin sensitivity, deteriorating cell function, and decreased incretion function (Phielix and Mensink, 2008; Misra, 2008). In human studies, people with type 2 diabetes have a decreased PGC-1α expression compared to healthy subjects (Wagner et al., 2008; Cantó and Auwerx, 2009; Kang, 2012). The skeletal muscles of people with type 2 diabetes and those of ...

Red blood cells take approximately 120 days to be produced. The process of its production is called erythropoiesis and the place of production is myeloid tissue. For the formation of red blood cells, the haemocytoblast must be present. The existence of Multi-CSF causes the haemocytoblast to progress into progenitor cells. The progenitor cells, on the other hand, will form other cells. This cell may also develop into proerythroblast when EPO is present. Proerythroblast forms basophilic erythroblast which will in turn develop into polychromatophilic erythroblast, followed by normoblast which develops into reticulocyte which eventually becomes erythrocyte. All these developments must ...

- The answer to this question depends on the definition of an STD. For instance, Shigella was once though to be a Gastrointestinal disease, but with modern sexual practices and the increase of oral to anal intercourse it is now becoming an STD as well. Therefore, no precise number of STDs can be stated but there are now >30 infections classified as predominantly sexually transmitted (Harrisons, 2008, p. 822) - The most common viral STD is HPV. It is said that nearly ½ of the population is infected with the virus at any given time. Both males and females can ...

Abstract

Since the development of fast foods or processed foods in the 1970s and the evolving nature of human life, obesity became a global pandemic, attacking not just the developed nations but also the developing nations. Outdoor activities and healthy meals are now replaced by fatty foods and the internet. A few would develop obesity due to a medical condition or health problem, which may also put them at risk to obesity-related health complications. As a result of this, increase of obesity and obesity-related complications are recorded each year as it gradually increases around the globe. While many complain with ...

Abstract

Obesity is a condition typified by surplus body fat. It carries considerable health repercussions for both unceasing disease and death. This truth and its mounting prevalence make obesity a significant health issue. Because obesity comes about due to chronic consumption of excess calories, prevention entails individuals balancing the energy they consume with the ones expended via metabolic and muscular actions. This paper tries to show the prevalence of obesity in America, its causes and provides some recommendations on how to curb this condition.

Introduction

Obesity has become a huge problem in the United States. The magnitude of individuals termed medically ...

The Role of Diet in Human Health

The human immune system is highly developed and complex to ensure that it fights with a wide range of microorganisms, viruses, bacteria, particles and other foreign objects that may affect the body in any way. The system is made up of various components within the body, and all are in some relation with each other to ensure that there is an effective immunity against any foreign body capable of causing some pathological conditions in the body. The major components of the human immune system include a group of immune cells ...

Section 6

According to Silberstein and Joyce, avocado oil is the best oil for cooking because it has the highest smoke point, which means it does not develop unhealthy toxins at high temperatures (“Oils and Butter”). However, they fail to mention that avocado oil is stable at high temperatures only when it is refined while virgin oils usually have a smoke point lower than 400°F (Eyres, Sherpa, and Hendriks 87). With that in mind, I doubt I would make a transition to the recommended oils because even though refining those oils filters some impurities, a lot of nutrients are lost ...

- What did you learn that was beneficial to you? Be specific (i.e. give specific examples and references). Why did you find this beneficial? How will you apply what you have learned to your personal lifestyle?

In this class I have learned that eating healthy does not necessarily mean consuming less calories, skipping specific food groups, or skipping whole meals; but rather, eating healthy means consuming all types of foods in a balanced way. What surprised me most was that healthy eating actually means consuming many calories, but they have to be beneficial; they cannot be so called “empty calories.” ...

Report on Case 1: Diagnosis of Hereditary Fructose Intolerance

Enzymes act as biological catalysts, they speed up biological reactions and are also capable of regulation. Enzymatic reactions can be anabolic – where a new substance is built from smaller ones; or catabolic – where a substance is broken down to yield simpler molecules. In the example of fructose, enzymes catabolize this simple sugar to substances that are intermediates of the glycolytic pathway, allowing fructose, a 6-carbon sugar, to be used by cells to obtain energy in a way similar to glucose (also a 6-varbon sugar). Aldolase B is one of the enzymes involved in the catabolism of fructose, and its ...

SARS Disease Outbreak

The SARS disease outbreak occurred in 2003 when the World Health Organization issued a global alert on the disease that was similar to pneumonia (Wei et al., 2009). Similar cases were experienced in China, Vietnam, Thailand, Taiwan, Indonesia, Philippines, and Thailand. Other countries affected included Germany, United States, and Canada. The disease spread from Beijing leading to an outbreak in Tianjin city. According to Wei et al., (2009), 175 probable cases of SARS were reported. This included 21 deaths. The transfer of patients from one hospital to another stimulated the spread of the disease. A patient that was suspected ...

It was advised that i stat home and whenever it is important to eat out, the 'Eating Smart Restaurant Guide' should be my companion.

1 .Reduction in quantity of processed sugar, saturated fat and trans- fat consumed. 2 Increased consumption of vegetables. 3 I will have to increase the number of times I eat at home and reduce my visits to the restaurants. The acceptable macronutrient distribution range for carbohydrates in adults is 45-65%, while for proteins it is 10-35% of the calories taken daily by the person. The acceptable macronutrient distribution range for fats is between 25-30%. It ...

Getting rid of the Trans fats has become an issue affecting the American citizens and manufacturing industries. Trans fats are a type of unsaturated fats that found its way in the market through manufacturing and processing natural fats. Trans fats acids are considered unnatural and harmful to the health of human beings. They come to existence from vegetables, fast foods, snack foods, and baked goods. Trans fats are associated with increasing risk of coronary and heart disease. Coronary heart disease is the leading number one killer. Unsaturated fatty acids have trans isomerism opposed to trans configurations hence they lack ...