Essays on Vascular

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Introduction Cirrhosis is caused by liver injury that results in fibrogenesis and inflammation. These problems result in collapse of liver structures and significant distortion of hepatic vascular structure. This distortion leads to elevated resistance to portal blood flow as well as portal hypertension. Moreover, hepatic synthetic dysfunction is also caused as a result of these problems. Clinically, liver cirrhosis is considered as an end-stage disease that could result in death until liver transplantation is performed (Tsochatzis, Bosch, & Burroughs, 2014). Liver cirrhosis is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in most of the developed countries. In ...

Dementia is a package of signs and symptoms which include personality change, impaired intellectual functions, and memory loss which come as a result of trauma to the brain or disease (Godbolt et al. S247). Unfortunately, these changes severely affect independence, relationships, and daily living. However, they do not count as part and parcel of normal aging. There are numerous forms of dementia which include vascular and mixed dementia but Alzheimer’s disease happens to be the most common type (Mitchell 443). A person affected by dementia portrays a noticeable decline in remembering, learning, communication and problem-solving. Often, these changes ...

Physical Activity for Alzheimer's Patients

The topic I have chosen is mostly based on my personal experience working in about six Emergency Department. My PICOT choice is personal to me because I see this problem frequently and I feel it’s unethical and needs to be adequately addressed. The population I am referring to is our senior citizens with Alzheimer’s disease. The intervention that I would like to see introduced is the use of improved therapeutic physical activity to treat their anxiety while in a hospital setting. The comparison would be to see how using physical therapy opposed to only medications can reduce ...

Status of the document.

This document is a project proposal for the development of starch-based hemostatic products. Acknowledgement. Much thanks to the project supervisor who offered guidance in every step of the development of this proposal. Developing starch based hemostatic products Project summary. Purpose: This proposal is envisioned to develop a hemostatic agent from purified plant starch. In this case, the product of the reaction should be developed by the formation of microporous hemosphere particles after etherification, esterification and crosslinking of glucose molecules to form ethyl propanetriol (glycerol-ether links (1-3 deoxy propanol)). The second intention of this study is to investigate the properties ...

Hypertension in children is becoming a growing healthcare concern in America. It is quite common to see reports of hypertension in children. Most cases of hypertension in children remains undiagnosed and therefore the present prevalence is an underestimation of the real scenario. Unlike adults, the normal blood pressure values in children can vary based on their age and height, and thus borderline cases of hypertension, escape diagnosis. Sedentary lifestyle and obesity are important risk factors for hypertension in children. Through proper lifestyle practices and diet, hypertension can be prevented in children. Preventing hypertension in children is important as hypertension ...

Abstract

Regretfully, diagnosis of diabetes is very common nowadays. Diabetes has become a worldwide epidemic and one of the leading causes of premature morbidity and mortality because it often leads to amputation of limbs, loss of sight, kidney failure and provokes cardiovascular disease. However, it is not that hard to suspect a high risk of developing diabetes or the disease itself before the analysis of blood sugar levels. Many of the signs of diabetes are visible to the naked eye. Paying attention to them in timely manner can avoid the severe consequences of the disease. Patients with diabetes can lead ...

Peripheral vascular disease is a term to describe the phenomenon of narrowed veins or arteries outside of those that supply the heart, brain, or lungs (Gardner, 2012). The most common form of peripheral vascular disease occurs in the legs and feet, and can be a side-effect of diabetes. The main symptoms of peripheral vascular disease are blue skin, the development of skin ulcers, cold skin, and poor growth of hair and nails in the affected area (Gardner, 2012). Although peripheral vascular disease is treatable, particularly if caught early, complications include infections and tissue death that can require amputation (Lockhart ...

In this paper, the analysis of “Blood flow reprograms lymphatic vessels to blood vessels” is discussed and the highlighted part is supported with the help of evidence and other research studies. There are some common congenital diseases are discussed in this article indicating how genetic lineage tracing become a reason for a change in vessels. It is analyzed that replacement by blood endothelial cells is not a solution, and lymphatic endothelial cell reprogramming is supported with the help of researches and experiments (Chen, et al., 2012). According to the past researches, the vascular defect may result in a stroke ...

Cardiovascular Disease (CVD)

CVD includes all ailments of the heart and circulatory system, including angina and heart attack. Other CVD diseases include carditis, cardiomyopathy, and congenital heart disorder. Edmunds (2014), states that CVD develops when there is plaque build-up on vessel walls. The mechanism of CVD differs significantly depending on the disease involved. For instance, coronary artery ailment includes atherosclerosis, and may occur due to hypertension, smoking, overweight, high-fat diet or diabetes. Despite the high deaths caused by CVD, it is approximated that 90 percent of CVDs are preventable (McGill, McMahan, and Gidding, 2008). Atherosclerosis can be decreased by controlling the risk ...

A Proper understanding of the pathophysiology of diseases and conditions is essential in their treatment as well as management. Every disease has a way of affecting the normal functioning of the body. Some disorders attack the whole body while others affect specific organs. Therefore, it is crucial to study the pathophysiology of diseases. It is also essential to understand the relationship between related diseases. This helps in understanding the interactions between the diseases. This paper is set to examine the pathophysiology of pneumonia, hypoxemia, as well as thyroid cancer. Additionally, the paper analyses the relationship between these diseases.

Pathophysiology of Pneumonia

Pneumonia ...

Information can be represented through various ways; scientists have undertaken research studies and experiments and published their findings in different scientific journals or databases. Similarly, individuals with little or no scientific knowledge have developed an interest in research. They have increasingly adapted and interpreted scientific research articles so as to meet the demands of the layman. In this paper, a comparative analysis of a scientific research article and its adaptation is presented so as to determine the difference in the ways in which information is presented in each. The scientific article Cashew apple juice supplementation enhanced fat utilization during ...

Abstract

The literature defines hypertension as a medical condition experienced when the systolic blood pressure (BP) is equal or greater than 140 mm Hg or when the diastolic blood pressure is equal or greater than 90 mm Hg. Additionally, it offers a description of systematic, cellular, as well as molecular causes of hypertension. High blood pressure within the arteries is referred to as systemic hypertension (SH). The primary role of the systemic arteries is the transportation of oxygenated blood from the heart to the tissues of the body. The constriction of the arterioles (small arteries) is responsible for the high ...

Seminar: Inflammatory and Immune Mechanisms in Lymphatic Vascular Disease

The YouTube video presented by David Zawieja, talks about immune and inflammatory mechanisms that occur in Lymphatic Vascular diseases. The lymphatic system has a significant role in various essential mechanisms inside the body such as edema resolution, fluid and macromolecular homeostasis, inflammation and antigen trafficking. The primary of the Lymphatic function involves the transportation of Lymphatic substances from the interstitial spaces between the tissues via lymphatic capillary network and nodes that terminate into the venous blood inside the veins. The most significant segment of the lymphatic function is the flow of lymph through multiple nodes. The immune cells like ...

1. Agiosperm wood has vessels as compared to conifers wood. Vessels can be defined as cells stacked end to end. Water is able to flow freely among them and otherwise vessels are called pores. However, conifers wood has resin canals that should not be confused with pores though they might look a little similar. Conifers wood is sometimes referred to as gymnosperms. 2. A. It is a part of sapwood. B. It is monocot. C. Monocots have inside their seed coats one seed leaf while dicots have two. Monocots’ leaves are thin due to the fact that the endosperm ...

Hypertension, the chronic elevation of blood pressure, results in enhanced morbidity and mortality in the long run. However, researchers are not unanimous about the pathophysiology of hypertension. Studies over the years reveal that between 2 to 5 percent patients face elevated blood pressures because of underlying adrenal or renal disease. Rest of the patients, nonetheless, do not exhibit any clear and identifiable reason for the malady. This statistics has well persuaded medical practitioners and researchers to acknowledge the role of multiple factors that might play varying roles in different patients of hypertension. Some of the most researched factors include ...

Why does she have bacteria and white blood cell casts in her urine?

In this case, Ms, Cornwall has focal bacterial infection of her calyces, medulla and renal pelvis. The presence of these bacterial and their invasion within the mentioned parts causes a body response to defend against the invasion. This occurs though a trigger of the inflammatory mediators and other body defense mechanism in this case the white blood cells. With the white blood cells now dominating the region of infection, there occurs a systematic abscess formation and necrosis within the medulla (Alexander et al., 2012). At this point, the next step that could occur is the scar tissue formation which ...

ANNUAL MEDICAL CHECK-UP

Educational Institute Introduction This case study aims to use a common life event that will illustrate the various concepts of knowledge management. My chosen event is my father’s one-day complete medical check-up in a hospital. It was done over 24 hours and I was the one who accompanied him there the whole night. A hospital is a bee-hive of activities that uses physical data, creates medical information and knowledge that spurs action among medical professionals within and even outside where assistance is required. Patients are also led to act on the advice of these professionals to address problems. ...

Should Junk Food Be Sold In Public Schools

Issue: Some public schools say that sugar and salt have no significant effect to our health, and keep selling junk food. Research institutes say that sugar and salt lead to higher chances of obesity and other health problems. Thesis: We will argue that public schools should stop selling junk food; the results will be serious health problems for students in these schools. If junk food keeps being sold in public schools (s), then serious health problems are bound to arise. (o). s → o

If serious health problems arise (o), then fewer children will come to school (m).

If junk food is still sold in public schools (s), then fewer children will come to ...

Abstract

The progressive loss of structure and function of neurons together with their death is called neurodegeneration. This process often causes such an illness as Alzheimer’s. Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is one of the main causes of dementia that has different symptoms, among them, are language problems, disorientation, rapid mood changes, indifference to life, loss of short memory, strange behavior and inability to manage self-care. Scientists have not discovered the exact factors of the disease yet. Genes, obesity, head injuries and depression can be the ground. Unfortunately, there is no any cure of Alzheimer and elderly of 65 and ...

Headache is a common complaint that afflicts most of the adult population at some point in their lives (Hainer & Matheson, 2013). Headaches are by and large a subjective phenomenon with few objectively measurable factors (McMurtray & Saito, 2014). Most headaches will be the benign, but a small percentage will indicate an underlying neurologic or systemic pathology (Hainer & Matheson, 2013). The purpose of this paper is to investigate the chief complaint, “I have headaches or a headache.” The paper will discuss the objective and subjective data that needs to be collected, headache triggers and drug treatments, and the health promotion strategies ...

Introduction

Heart valve surgery is used for the repairing or replacement of valves of the heart that are diseased. The patients receive general anesthesia in this type of surgery whereby the surgeon makes a large surgical incision in the breastbone. The incision is meant to enable the surgeon to reach the aorta and the heart (Kato Paragraph 2). The relevance of stroke to the procedure of open-chest valve surgery is that it is one of the risks associated with cardiac surgery. Other risks include death, failure of the kidneys, cardiac arrest, irregular beats of the heart, and post-pericardiotomy syndrome (Kato ...

Where are apical and lateral meristems found and how are they arranged in the root and stem? What role or function does the meristem tissue play in plants? Apical meristems are found at the tips of growing roots and shoots and form the tissue from which the main plant stem arises. Apical meristems are small compared to lateral meristems and are responsible for the primary growth of stems and roots, subsequently increasing the length and height of the plant. They are dome shaped and have a layered structure known as tunica and corpus. The tunica is made up of ...

Introduction

Stroke is among the key healthcare problems that is associated with severe long-term disabilities, increased morbidity. In addition, stroke is associated with higher incidences of death in the United States as well as the world in its entirety. In the recent years, incidences of stroke especially among the high risk middle age adults have escalated raising serious concerns among the healthcare professionals as well as the entire public. According to CDC, stroke is among the key causes of adult disabilities and is associated with higher incidences of death as well as increased morbidity among this population (Centers for Disease ...

Evidence-Based Practice (EBP) can be termed as the integration and option of best research evidence with clinical expertise, skill and patient values. It seeks to improve the care process and the care outcomes based on the evidence collected over time and tailoring that to the needs of the patients within a particular setting. The EBP process is aimed at improving judgment and decision making but this is also based on the experience of the nurse in understanding the research evidence and relating the same to specific scenarios within the clinical setting. It is a process that is facilitated by ...

(College/University/Institute)

Thesis Statement: Alzheimer’s affects the cognitive functions of individuals in a number of ways.

Introduction “Alzheimer’s” is a form of dementia that renders the person with memory, cognition and dispositional problems. Manifestations of this disease do not arise overnight; these signs develop over time and worsen as time to the point that the condition can interfere with the person’s daily tasks and activities. The condition is the best known form of “dementia,” a universal term commonly associated with memory loss as well as the loss of a number of intellectual functions that can significantly disrupt the person’s daily routines (Alzheimer’s Association, 2016). The condition cannot be reversed and ...

Ageing and Mental Illness

The older members of the population are increasing, with recent indication that people who are over 60 years old are growing in number in the past years. This social phenomenon can be attributed to the advancement in medical technology that provided for the people’s health and well being. With better technology and medical attention, older people can enjoy their advanced years, and can still be valuable members of the society, not only in their capacity as family members but also as active contributors in the workforce. However, while there are older people who enjoy good health, there are ...

Introduction

It is critical to understand that mechanical interventions and thrombolytic therapy are the commonly used approaches to treat both venous and arterial thrombotic complications. However, this approaches offer several limitations that are hard to ignore. First and foremost, there is a possibility of excessive bleeding and damage to the walls of the blood vessel. Secondly, the approach may fail to reach reperfusion. Thus, the use and application of ultra-sound accelerated thrombosis offer an entire revolution in vascular medicine. Again, the technologyis meant to withstand the test of time. Cleary, the technology has reduced the body dosage that would be ...

Cholesterol is a fat that is needed to build cells, certain hormones and bile acids. Cholesterol synthesis is determined genetically, without it the body cannot fully function, but an excess can have the opposite, negative effect. After the growth of the organism is finished and the cells do not divide so rapidly, cholesterol continues to be synthesized by the liver in the same size. Moreover, a large part of the cholesterol is synthesized in the liver, while smaller part comes with the food. Fats in general and cholesterol in particular will not dissolve in blood, so to transport them ...

The patient presented in this case suffers from metabolic syndrome. The metabolic syndrome is a cluster of health problems that is associated with the presence of obesity and tissues resistance to insulin. The metabolic syndrome is a condition that causes a myriad of problems in the body such that the body becomes incapable of maintaining the circulation of the useful energy molecules such as glucose and lipids in the right quantities in the bloodstream (Huang, 2009). Other associated disorders of metabolic syndrome include high blood pressure and dyslipidemia. The lipid problem is characterized by elevated levels of triglycerides and ...

The ultrasound-guided peripheral intravenous catheters are used at the emergency department as alternative to traditional intravenous access due to optimal outcomes (Stone et al., 2013). This new type of technique of vascular access has been chosen for an emergency department patient due to its benefits it has come with especially to patient-centered characteristics that include obesity and past history of intravenous drug abuse. The rates of obesity are currently on the rise in the U.S. and therefore, the subset of emergency department patients are in need for alternative methods of intravenous access are increasing (Stone et al., 2013). Additionally, ...

Hypertension is a health issue which is mostly associated with men and, as such, women are considered safe from its development. However, this myth has been disrupted following various researches that reveal that HBP is not a gender issue affecting both men and women. However, men were found to be more susceptible to developing the illness than compared to women. In this regard, women were also found prone to developing the ailment on the basis of various factors that will be discussed in this paper. In addition, this paper will focus on hypertension in women and the clinical studies ...

Health abnormlities of several kind require a thorough assessment in terms of management. With the technical advancements, medical field had evolved to simplify the complex assesssment tasks. For instance, medical imaging has come up to make feasible the analyis of body parts through the production of images. There is a need to know much about this particualr area. In such context, the present description deals with a topic Magentic Resonance Angiography (MRA) of the remal artery with a special emphasis on the 3D gradient echo sequencing in MRI. Briefly, magnetic resoannce angiography constitutes a kind of MRI (magnetic resonance ...

This work seeks to summarize the article,” The Expanded Biology of Serotonin” authored by Berger, Gray, and Roth. According to authors, serotonin, a neurotransmitter that modulates neural activity and neuropsychological processes, is widely used in psychiatry and neurology. It is located mostly outside the central nervous system, and the 15 receptors of serotonin are found outside as well as inside the brain. It regulates a number of biological processes including, bowel motility, cardiovascular function, bladder control, and ejaculatory latency. However, they mention that serotonin regulates some other processes as well including platelet accumulation through receptor independent, but transglutaminase-dependent covalent ...

Abstract

Continuing Professional Education (CPE) or Continuing Professional Development (CPD) enhanced the management, professionalism, team building, technology, interpersonal communication, accountability, and teaching. In the medical world, the knowledge, skills, attitude, and its concept has incorporated CPD in a wide range of competencies needed to practice the highest quality medical services, socially, ethically, and personally. The Diagnostic Medical Sonographer’s role is highly important to the treatment team such as the doctors, nurses, and other clinical health providers and the patients. The diagnostic medical Sonographer is a well-trained individual who operated the computers and machines to administer an image scan of ...

Introduction

The pathophysiology of atherosclerosis involves a series of complex events that can be likened to that of a chronic inflammatory process, which results in the development of an atherosclerotic plaque. The first step in the process involves injury to the endothelial cells of the artery that results in endothelial cell dysfunction. The activated endothelial cells attract vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) and leukocytes, which proliferate and accumulate in the walls of the artery (Seidman, Mitchell, & Stone, 2014). These cellular components lead to the formation of a large amount of connective tissue matrix. This is the ultimate end point in ...

LEGENDS:

Smoker Heart Disease Underlying Pathophysiology The participant is a 20 year old Caucasian male. His family history shows that his maternal grandfather and father have been diagnosed with hypertension, while his paternal grandfather had died of a heart disease. Porth had indicated that the risk factors for hypertension include one's health condition, family history, and lifestyle. A family history that shows relatives with hypertension does not guarantee that one may acquire the disease. However, a family history riddles with hypertension makes one more at risk than other individuals. Increasing age, a part of an individual’s health condition, may ...

Introduction

Pulmonary edema (PE) is characterized by the accumulation of fluid in the parenchyma and air spaces of the lungs. Most often PE is associated with respiratory failure and impaired gas exchange. Globally, PE is known to be characterized by two major factors, the first is associated with the injury of the lung parenchyma which is termed as non-cardiogenic pulmonary edema. The second is associated with the failure of the left ventricle of the heart to release blood from the pulmonary circulation within the system and is termed as cardiogenic pulmonary edema (Glaus, Schellenberg , and Lang. 2010). The major cause ...

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Diagnosis on the basis of Vitals

The case study selected for this assignment is case number 3. QUESTION 1: The three possible differential diagnosis for this case are: Essential hypertension Thyrotoxicosis Post exercise state QUESTION 2: The most likely diagnosis for this patient is hypertension. According to Bickley, Szilagyi and Bates (2009), normal pulse rate for healthy young adult is 60-100. This patient has a pulse rate corresponding to upper normal limit. According to Madhur et al. (2014), a blood pressure of 150/120 mmHg, as in this case, is classified as ...

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Abstract Smoking is one of the most hated habits of the present generation. It affects almost every part of the body. Over 16 million people in the U.S. are living with some smoking-related disorder. Among the most important problems arising from smoking, include cardiac problems. Smoking is not only related to myocardial infarction, but smoking behavior could increase the chances of a second myocardial infarction, and these chances increase with increased smoking. Moreover, the number of deaths of people, who stopped smoking after CABG, within 20 years, was less as compared to persistent smokers, i.e. 46% ...

In the process of wound healing, angiogenesis is also known as neovascularization. The process commences in lined with the proliferation of the fibroblast when the endothelial cells mover towards the wound site. Oxygen and other nutrients are required for the formation of epithelial cells and the activity of fibroblasts. In comparison to the fibroblast and epidermal mitigation, angiogenesis is crucial for other stages of wound healing. The process of angiogenesis is complex and occurs in the following stages: Latent period: In this stage, vasodilation and premeabilisation are known to permit leukocyte extravasation during the haemostatic and inflammatory phase. Decontamination ...

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Abstract Smoking is one of the most hated habits of the present generation. It affects almost every part of the body. Over 16 million people in the U.S. are living with some smoking-related disorder. Among the most important problems arising from smoking, include cardiac problems. Smoking is not only related to myocardial infarction, but smoking behavior could increase the chances of a second myocardial infarction, and these chances increase with increased smoking. Moreover, the number of deaths of people, who stopped smoking after CABG, within 20 years, was less as compared to persistent smokers, i.e. 46% ...

How the hyperbaric oxygen regulating NADPH facilitates the vascular health

The hyperbaric oxygen and GT Rac1 always plays a very central role in the activation of the complex. The Rac1 regulates the actin cytoskeleton as it responds to the various signals. When the NADPH is stimulated either by mechanical factors or by the signaling of the molecules, the Rac1 dissociates from its inhibitor and it is consequently activated by the release of the GDP and the binding GTP which in turn exposes the isoprenyl moiety ( Seyfried, T. N. 2012). This therefore agglomerates the cytosolic components of the NADPH oxidase NOXA1 and NOXO1. The end process therefore results to the ...

With

Peripheral Vascular Disease Effects of Physical Therapy on Patients with Peripheral Vascular Disease The term Peripheral Vascular Disease stands for systemic manifestations of atherosclerosis leading to narrowing of the arteries lying distal to the arch of aorta. The commonest manifestation of Peripheral Vascular Disease is the intermittent claudication of the affected organ. At times, this disease condition may lead to acute or critical ischaemia of the affected limb. Intermittent claudication can be explained as the pain of the limbs on exercise or exertion, this symptom is commonly seen in the lower limbs. The prevalence of such intermittent claudication is ...

Elderly individuals are considered as high-risk population because of their changing physiology. When talking about the cardiovascular system, the aging population experiences decreased ability to maintain the stability of the body’s hemodynamics. Some of the tissues of the vascular and cardiac muscles are also replaced by stiff and fibrotic material which reduces the elasticity of the vessels. These changes lead to reduction in the cardiac output and rise of vascular resistance which contributes to the dependence of the heart to the volume of the blood. Additionally, the responsiveness of the autonomic nervous system and the hepatic blood flow ...

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Acute ischemic stroke refers to the death of brain tissue caused by interruption of the blood flow to brain. This interruption is caused by occlusion of a cervical or cerebral artery, or cerebral vein (Uchino, Pary, & Grotta, 2011). It is among the leading causes of death in the world. According to the estimates of American Heart Association, nearly one stroke occurs in every 40 seconds in the U.S., approximating 795,000 cases of stroke per year (American Heart Association Stroke, 2015). Assessment and management of acute ischemic stroke patients need to be done as soon as ...

Heart failure is a pathophysiologic condition characterized by the heart’s inability to generate sufficient cardiac output, resulting in either inefficient tissue perfusion or increase in the diastolic filling pressure of the left ventricle, or both, which lead to increased pulmonary capillary pressure (McCance, Huether, Brashers, & Rote, 2014). Heart failure is a leading cause of death in the US (McCance et al., 2014; Mozaffarian et al., 2015). American Heart Association has estimated that in 2013, cardiovascular diseases were responsible for 30.8% of all deaths in the US, or 222.9 per 100,000 deaths (Mozaffarian et al., 2015). The 2013 ...

Cost-effective Innovations to Prevent and Manage CVD

India has developed an image-free device to detect premature vascular abnormalities that are not invasive and affordable to millions of Indians. The device is called the ARTSENS that detects blockages in arteries and could be useful in saving up to 2.5 million lives a year. (Krishnan, 2014). Another innovation developed in Cameroon is the Cardiopad that uses the 3G phone network to transmit a heart examination from rural areas where people cannot access a few hospitals. (Zang, 2014).

Framework Convention on Tobacco Control and Medicine Recommendations

The recommendations included imposing heavy taxes on cigarettes to make them relatively unaffordable to people, regulating and reducing the contents of ...

There is a lot of focus and puzzles on hypoxic drive in the modern society. What is hypoxic drive and what are the processes that facilitate it? Hypoxia refers to a condition where there is lack of oxygen in a part of the body or the entire body. In this condition, the patient’s body utilizes oxygen chemoreceptors rather than carbon dioxide to regulate the respiratory cycle (Greaves et al. 120). This essay discusses biochemical, physiological, epidemiological, and clinical evidence to support hypoxic drive in the chronic hypercapnia patient (Galvagno 58).

Macro and micro neural circuity involved in respiratoty/ventilator drives and pattern generation

Rhythmic respiratory movements originate from neutral activity. Specialized ...

NURSING – PURNELL’S 12 DOMAINS OF CULTURAL ASSESSMENT

Cultural Group -African American – Nursing – Purnell’s 12 Domains of Cultural Assessment Introduction Applying Purnell’s 12 Domains of Cultural Assessment Model to an African American cultural health issue provides a means for gathering data and formulating a culturally competent prevention strategy linked to the group’s common health risk aligned to cardio vascular disease (CVD). The following provides the profile according to Purnell’s model and the suggested application for creating a competent primary prevention strategy for CVD.

Purnell’s 12 Doman of Cultural Assessment Model

According to the National Association of School Nurses (2013) the model creates a circle made of 12 cultural domains. Global ...

Response 1

Upon the loss of blood, the patient’s body will be stimulated through the action of erythropoietin produced by the kidneys to increase erythropoiesis. The result is the increase in the concentration of reticulocytes that will be seen in the peripheral blood smear. The reticulocyte will peak to range between 10 to 15% by the seventh day after the blood loss.

Response 2

The hypoxia is as a result of inadequate delivery of oxygen into the tissues. Hemoglobin is responsible for the transport of oxygen into the tissues. Hypovolemia causes a significant reduction in the level of hemoglobin which results in ...

Vascular System: The New Frontier in Cancer Research

Vascular System: The New Frontier in Cancer Research For the last 50 years, cancer treatment has been ruled by the fact that each type of tumor must be selected for specific cancer treatment. Thus, medics have concentrated in producing specific types of drugs for the treatment of certain types of cancer (1). The types of drugs used were specific to candidates affected. Nonetheless, cancer cells have high rate of mutation hence they are very unstable therefore some cells become resistant due to repeated drug use or exposure to chemotherapy. The high rate mutation causes the cells to be genetically ...

[Institution Title]

Patient Initials: Patient H Age: 65 yrs old Gender: Male SUBJECTIVE DATA: Chief Complaint (CC): Patient H reports cough associated with with shortness of breath, and fever, as verbalized, “I do (have cough). And it's getting worsehad chills and sweats and it took forever to get to sleep” History of Present Illness (HPI): Patient H is a 65 yrs old Caucasian, male who presents self in the outpatient ward with productive cough that was, according to the patient “getting worse”, accompanied by shortness of breath and fever with chills and sweats. He has difficulty bringing ...

Introduction

The purpose of this study is to review the effectiveness of lifestyle on the development of dementia and Alzheimer's disease for at risk populations. The study considers quantitative study which involve the use of control and experimental groups in which the control group is motivated on the effects of lifestyle particularly lack of inactivity (exercise) and healthy eating in groups of individuals who are at a greater risk of developing Alzheimer's. An observation of the pretest and post test of the control and experimental group will clearly indicate the contribution and its magnitude of exercise and healthy eating in ...

Disease management constitutes an important area in the clinical research where drugs possess a significant position. The effect of drugs on various organ systems has been the area of much research interest which gradually made feasible the development of several classes of drugs. Drugs may have dual role of promoting and inhibiting the vital biochemical and molecular pathways that play influential role in the disease outcome.

Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors are considered as anticongestive heart failure and antihypertensive agents. They have gained wide spread physician and patient satisfaction. The ACE inhibitors prevent the ...

Diabetes is a burning issue all over the world. World health organization has shown concerns on the prevalence and incidents of diabetes. In USA, 29.1 million people or 9.3% of the population; diagnosed or undiagnosed have diabetes. (CDC, 2012). As per National Diabetes Fact Sheet, 2011 215, 000 people in USA have type-I or type-II diabetes. Thus, diabetes is a disease penetrating all age groups. Treatment of diabetes has a few advancement in the recent past. Apart from general oral hypoglycemic agents and injectable insulin there are islet transplantation surgeries also available for diabetes. There is a wide scope of treatment of diabetes ...

Question1

An animal is a multi-cellular organism with cells that are not enclosed in a rigid cell wall. Animals differ from other organisms in two major aspects: 1) through the structure of their cell wall and (2) through their feeding habits. For example, unlike other organisms, such as plants, animals do not have a rigid cell wall. Plants on the other hand have a rigid cell wall. In terms of nutrition, animals are heterotrophs because of the way they synthesize organic compounds. Plants, on the other hand, are autotrophs. Plants are classified as autotrophs because they synthesize organic molecules directly using energy from ...

Introduction

- The Thoracic outlet condition is a complication which affects the blood vessels and nerves which are found in the thoracic outlet. - The thoracic outlet, which is one of the most sensitive and delicate parts in the human body contains tissues and bones. - During compression of the blood vessels, muscles and nerves in this part of the body, there is a pain in the neck and shoulder that is experienced by the affected person and is simply due to compression of the first rib and the collarbone. - There are often several types of Thoracic outlet ...

Discussion Question

Discuss one Possible Peripheral Vascular Complication from Pregnancy. Is there a way to prevent this Possible Complication or Treat it? Peripheral vascular diseases are a set of conditions that primarily affect other blood vessels, apart from those in the brain and the heart (Tendera et al., 2011). PVDs are mostly as a result of narrowed arteries and veins, which restricts the efficient supply of the blood and nutrients to all parts of the body. People with hyperlipidemia, obesity, high blood pressure, and diabetes are more predisposed to peripheral vascular diseases, compared to those that do not have those medical conditions. Also, ...

Scenario

Marjorie Stevens, an eighty-six year old single mom, decided to move into a large, well-equipped aged care facility (ACF). Her recent stay in respite care resulted from a fall, which led to a hip fracture. While Marjorie’s family has moved some of her belongings to the ACF, she requires an ambulance to transport her from the respite center to the ACF. Something upset Marjorie during the ambulance ride to the facility. Upon her arrival at the ACF, the Health Service Manager of the facility calls for a case meeting to plan Marjorie’s care.

Players

Respite Care to ACF This section ...

VENOUS STASIS ULCER

Venous stasis ulcers commonly occur in the legs due to venous insufficiency or poor venous blood drainage. Veins of the legs have valves in then which ensures a proper unidirectional flow of blood towards heart. In venous stasis, these valves are damaged, thus the venous blood accumulates in the legs instead of being pumped upwards. A prolonged pooling of blood in the leg leads to increased pressure in the affected area thus causing a break in the skin and causing ulcers. The causes for venous stasis could be smoking, occupations requiring prolonged hours of standing, obesity or deep vein thrombosis.

Clinical ...