Essays on Restriction

(Author)

Use of Restriction Enzymes in Pharmaceuticals Restriction enzyme, which is also referred to as restriction endonuclease, is a class of enzyme that is helpful in cutting DNA at restriction sites. Restriction sites are particular recognition nucleotide sequences on double stranded DNA having the length of 4-5 base pairs. Restriction enzymes are also known deoxyribonucleases (DNases). Presently, there are four different types of restriction enzymes: - Type I enzymes that are “classical” in nature, e.g. EcoKI, EcoBI, and EcoR124; - Type II enzymes that are “orthodox” in nature, e.g. EcoRI, HindIII, EcoRV; - Type III enzymes ...

Introduction

The discovery of restriction enzymes (REs), bacterial transformation, and agarose gel electrophoresis caused the sudden increase of popularity of molecular biology in the 1970s. Restriction enzymes allow the manipulation of specific sites of an organism’s genes and are commonly used in many laboratories worldwide. Restriction enzymes cut DNA in many different ways and can produce sticky ends and blunt ends (Weaver, 2012). The most abundant type of restriction enzymes is Type II, which require magnesium cations as cofactor (Pingoud et al., 2005). Aside from their popularity is recombinant DNA technology as a “cut and paste” tool, estriction enzymes can ...

Set 1

Part A. 1. BLAST - This algorithm compares the various pieces of primary biological sequence information, such as the nucleotides of DNA sequences or the amino acid sequences of different proteins, in order to identify the library sequences that bear similarities with the query sequence above a certain threshold.

2. ORF Finder – This tool is used when searching for open reading frames (ORFs) in the DNA sequence that the user enters where the information provided includes the protein translation and the range of each open reading frame.

3. Compute pl/Mw tool – This tool computes the isoelectric point (pl) and ...

Lab partners

The transformation of bacterial cells using Puc18 plasmid as a vector Abstract In molecular cloning experiments, the DNA to be cloned is obtained from an organism and then broken into smaller fragments through digestion with restriction enzymes. The fragments of restriction enzyme digestion are then ligated /combined with some vector DNA to produce recombinant DNA molecules. These recombinant DNA molecules are then introduced into a host organism. When the host organism replicates, the recombinant molecule is replicated together with it. With time, large populations of transformed cells or clones are generated expressing the genotype and phenotype of the inserted ...

ABSTRACT:

A plasmid DNA is an extra-small circular structure commonly found in bacteria which is capable of replicating by itself in the cell. These are used in genetic engineering as vehicles to carry and make copies of a particular gene which can produce desirable effect. In this report, we discuss the isolation and purification of DNA fromEGFP-LC3 plasmidusing a modified alkaline lysis method and QIAprep spin columns. The concentration of the isolated EGFP-LC3 plasmid DNA was found to be 82.868µg/ml. The ratio of ODs taken at A260nm/A280nm was found to be 5.314 which could be because improper washing step which has ...

Determining the size of gene fragments

1) Alul restriction enzyme cuts the protease gene at restriction sites with base position 62 and position 1149 respectively. Considering the fact that the gene has 1216 base pairs, three possible fragments are generated with Alul restriction digestion.

The first digestion fragment length ranges from base pair 1 to base pair 62= 61 base pairs.

The second fragment length ranges from base pair 62 to base pair 1149 in length=1087 base pairs The third fragment ranges from base pair 1216 to base pair 1149 in length= 67 base pairs.

2) Sa/l restriction enzyme cuts the protease gene at ...

(Author)

Introduction of restriction enzymes Restriction enzymes are highly diverse set of enzymes in bacteria that are used to identify specific 4- to 8-bp sequences referred to as restriction sites and cleave DNA strands internally at this site. These enzymes protect the bacteria from foreign DNA molecules such as those of phages. Restriction enzymes identify specific nucleotide sequences to differentiate between the “domestic” and “foreign” DNA. It attaches to the “recognition site” and breaks both strands of the DNA (Kufe et al.). Restriction enzymes may include EcoRV, EcoRI, and HindIII. EcoRV belongs to the type II restriction/modification system ...

States governments are through legislations, responsible for various individuals’ rights and freedoms. Over the years, individual liberty has been a topic of discussion among many state governments around the globe. Individual liberty is described as the freedom of citizens of a particular state to conduct various activities without interference from the government. The state government, usually, has less or no power over the individuals’ conduct and behavior. Individuals under democratic governments, usually, have and enjoy varied social, political, and economic liberties in their undertakings. By contrast, some state governments have a complete control over individual liberties. The concept of individual liberty can ...

Question 1

a) i) If genomic DNA from the wild type bacterium were digested with EcoRI, three different fragments would be detected. The approximate sizes of the fragments would be 1.625 Kb, 1.375 Kb and 0.25 Kb. This is because there are two different digestion sites for EcoRI within the region complementary to the probe, and therefore three different fragments would partially hybridize with it after the digestion. ii) There are only two restriction sites for BamHI shown in the diagram, but neither of them is within the region complementary to the probe, and both of them are upstream of this ...

Introduction

The US Constitution guarantees many of the rights of the individual citizens. One of the rights guaranteed is the right to peaceably assemble. The Bill of Rights states in part that “Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or the free exercise thereof [] or the right of the people to peaceably assemble” (First Amendment [emphasis added]). The 14th Amendment, on the other hand, ensures that states enforce this guarantee and all other civil rights guaranteed under the Constitution. The core issue in the present study is the right of the fans of Big Bad Bruce to ...

There is no dispute to the premise that guns are highly useful weapons that can assist in effective law enforcement. At the same time, guns are used as a tool that could inflict unwarranted fear and harm against the security of people. Depending on its uses, guns could either be helpful or destructive, hence the reason why regulations for gun ownership are essential inclusions in any contemporary legal systems. Indeed, there are several legitimate restrictions on gun ownership. History has become witness to the harmful effects of irresponsible gun handling, particularly when it comes to crime. In particular wars ...

Introduction

The topic on gun ownership and control has become a controversial issue in many societies over the years. Gun ownership restrictions vary from country to country. The controversy surrounding gun ownership focuses on whether if citizens own guns it will improve their security or whether gun ownership should be prohibited for public safety. In addition other factors contributing to whether ownership of guns should be restricted or not is, trading of firearms on the black market, illegal manufacturing of firearms, the right to self defense, accidental shooting and the victims rights. This research paper provides an in-depth discussion on why ...

Introduction

This is one of the remarkable slave rebellion that is also termed as the Southampton insurrection. This slave rebellion occurred during August 1831 in the Southampton county ,Virginia.This Rebellion was led by Nat Turner.It resulted in 55 to 65 people who among them were men, women and children killed by slaves.This rebellion was calmed down in a few days but Nat Turner survived and hid himself for more than two months.This rebellion was suppressed on August 23, 1831 in Belmont plantation.

Success of the revolts

Nat Turner’s rebelliuon was among the bloodiest and most effective in the americxan history.It made Virginia to have a ...

Energy, especially electricity, is important for economic development. Electricity plays an important role toward economic growth as it is essential in using pieces of equipment that is used for the manufacturing processes of various products (ESMAP 8). The increasing population and expanding economy contribute to the increase in the demand for electricity. Currently, china is the major consumer of electricity. However, the electricity produced in this country is not enough to supply its needs (“Global Energy”). The economic progress could not pursue if there is insufficient amount of energy that any country could use. Electricity shortage can happen ...

Introduction:

Living organisms are equipped with robust machinery for executing a myriad of tasks to meet the day to day biological challenges. This machinery in turn relies on one or more interconnected pathways or networks composed of nucleic acid, proteins and other essential constituents. To say, it is the precise function of these components which determines the physiological well being organisms. Mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) kinases is one such known component that performs diverse physiological roles through its associations with the molecular machinery. mTOR is a protein that responds to metabolism and ageing, intercellular stress to growth regulation, growth factors ...

Molecular Diagnostics

Genomic Evaluation of Risk of Atrial Fibrillation and Alzheimer’s Disease

Session You Attended

Abstract The aim to of this series of experiments is to examine a patient’s DNA for association to atrial fibrillation (AF) and Alzheimer’s disease. The single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs2200733, associated with an increased chance of development of atrial fibrillation. Two SNPs: rs439358 and the rs7412, located within exon4 of the human apolipoprotein E (APOE) gene are associated with increased risk of developing Alzheimer’s disease. Isolation of the DNA from patient white blood cells, followed by PCR-RFLP and cycle sequencing are among the techniques ...

Introduction

The article, “Genotyping and identification of mycobacteria by fingerprinting Techniques” by Khosravi and Seghatoleslami (2009) shows how fingerprinting can be used to identify mycobacteria in combating Tuberculosis (TB) which for a long time has been a serious health concern by the World Health Organization (WHO). Some of the techniques used in molecular epidemiology like MIRU-VNTR and spoligotyping are described in the article.

Summary

The article has deeply illustrated the various ways of carrying out Genotyping of mycobacteria for carrying out epidemiological studies. It has also shown that through molecular typing of MTB the disease can be controlled. The study of the epidemiology ...

The restriction on the use of cell phones while driving has many advantages. The most significant advantage is the reduction of the number of road accidents. However, this restriction also comes with a couple of disadvantages. These disadvantages cat as an opposing force to the hugely recognizable benefits of restricting cell phone use while driving. The first disadvantage is that the restriction of cell phone use while driving jeopardizes crucial communication between people that is instrumental to a variety of things. Restricting the use of cell phones while driving reduces the total amount of communication taking place between people and ...

Immigration Act of 1924

It was a legislation that was supposed to limit the immigration numbers from other areas of the world, and maintain the ideal of American homogeneity. The Immigration Act of 1924 was introduced by Congressman Albert Johnson in the House of Representatives and David Reed in the senate, purposely to regulate the influx of immigrants to the United States. It was also known as the Johnson-Reid Act, enacted with the aim of restricting immigrants from Southern and Eastern Europe, and the complete barring of Japanese from entering the American soil. It was signed into law on May 26 1924; it was ...

Objective 2

Introduction 2 General background 3 Resistance mutants 4 Hemoglobin mutants 4 Sickle Cell Anemia and Genetics: Background Information 5 Connection of Sickle cell with Malaria 6 Method: 7 Introduction of Recombinant DNA technology in diagnosing disease: 8 Discussion (implementation of recombinant DNA technology to solve the issue) 9 Conclusions 10

References 11

Objective This report targets to study a group of people that has developed resistance to malaria. It will focus on the use of recombinant DNA technology to study this cohort and gain insights into the nature of this observation. This ...

- List one contribution and one criticism of cognitive theories of development. Piaget’s theory of cognitive development has been recognized for its contribution in developing scientific study in psychology. Its contribution is significant in linking cognitive changes with the aggregate neural and visceral changes in the body with the resulting emergence of the psychophysiological development approach in the study of psychology. However, the theory is also criticized owing to its lack of scientific approach to its theory development involving the issues on using small samples for its tests and the absence of using statistical figure analysis in ...

Teenage Alcoholism

Article 1: Strandberg, A. K. & Bodin, M. C. (2011). “Alcohol-Specific Parenting within a Cluster Randomized Effectiveness Trial of a Swedish Primary Prevention Program.” Emerald Group Publishing Limited, 111 (2), 92-102. With in mind that teenage alcoholism is to blame for some life problems that occur later in life and that parents have a significant influence on under-age drinking habits, Strandberg, A. K. & Bodin, M. C. investigated the attitudes of parents towards teenage drinking. The research was based on an ongoing trial of the effectiveness of a parental-based under-age drinking prevention program that underscores the role of parents in teenage drinking. ...

Abstract

Possession of firearms long ceased to be a preserve of the disciplined forces. As earl y as the 1960s, there was widespread debate on whether the licensing of firearms was necessary or not. Associations such as the Handgun National Control were at the forefront of fighting for the rights of individuals to own guns. Several years later the debate goes on with several countries having a specific code with regard to gun ownership. For instance, Canadians who wish to possess a firearm, they must be issued with a Firearms Acquisition Certificate (F.A.C.) from the police. Acquisition of the certificate requires that the applicant ...

Issue in Information System Operation Management (ISOM) Database security

Introduction Increase in the use of internet has increased the vulnerabilities of databases for many corporations. Many organizations operate and maintain their brands through ensuring that databases containing client information is well protected. According to Bertino and Sandhu (1), the proliferation of web-based applications increases the risk of exposure of databases. Database security has been a challenge since the beginning of use of databases in the 1970s. Every effort to improve technological advancement has led to an increase in the attacks on databases. Recent cases have been reported of hackers accessing private information from different databases of different ...

Article 39 of the Hong Kong basic law revolves primarily on protection of human rights. According to Article 39 (2) of the Hong Kong Basic Law, the rights and freedoms enjoyed by the residents of Hong Kong shall not be restricted unless the law prescribes. There are two conditions established and required to be met for any rights to be restricted. As prescribed by law, the first condition states any restriction must be backed by Hong Kong Basic law. This is known as the legality test as it requires that any restrictions state clearly how an individual needs to ...

The cDNA that was used in the experiment is the transfer tRNA. The coding region refers to the gene portion (DNA or RNA) that has axons in it and they code proteins. It’s also known as the coding sequence or the coding DNA sequence. The coding region sequence is surrounded near the 5th end of the start codon and the 3rd end with a stop codon. Therefore, the total addition of the genome of a living thing consists of the gene coding regions. The identification of the cDNA coding region sequence is not straight forward because the existing cells only ...

At present, women are normally seen in jobs formerly dominated by men. From CEOs to welders, women have already invaded these jobs and are seen as more efficient that the typical men workers. However, there are still fields which are not predominantly conquered by women such as the military. Although there are women who wish to serve the core, there is a limitation as to how their involvement can be in the front lines. This limitation is argued by feminists and cadets as they can also fight alongside men in the front lines. For the Constitution and for the experts ...

Boudjeltia et al., in their study “Sleep restriction increases white blood cells, mainly neutrophil count, in young healthy men: A pilot study,” examined what would happen if sleep were restricted to around four hours a night. The title itself is extremely appropriate; it gets directly to the point, and even indicates the results of the study, thus intriguing the reader and making them want to know how this was determined. It focuses on the results moreso than the purpose of the study, which is interesting and intriguing – the big picture (atherosclerosis and/or cardiovascular events) is not elaborated upon, which could ...

Introduction

Genetically modified organisms, or GMOs, are plants and animals in which the genetic material has been artificially altered through technological means. Genetic modification is now so widespread in agriculture that most Americans consume GMO-derived food every day without even realizing it (Chrispeels, 2014). Genetically modified meats, fruits, and vegetables are made by extracting and splicing segments of DNA from different organisms together.

How GMOS are Created

The creation of GMOs requires three main components: the gene to be transferred, the organism that the gene will be transferred into, and the vector of transmission that will deliver the new gene to the host, or ...

Background of MOOC’s

Massive open online courses (MOOC’s) is an education model for delivering lectures and other learning content through online means to any person with an interest of taking a particular course (Li, et al 2013). MOOC is an alternative program offered by higher learning institutions especially in developed countries. The program provides an opportunity to everyone wishing to take a university course. MOOC does not have enrolment restriction thus it is open to everyone (Kop, 2011). It does not also restrict the number of people to join the course. Lecturers provide notes and tests online where students go through them and ...

(Author)

Abstract

Anorexia nervosa is a psychological disorder in which the patient has somatic delusions resulting in their perception of distorted body image and being overweight. They start reducing their weight through restricting their diet and vomiting of meals, which are known as restricting type and bingeing/purging type of anorexia, respectively. Anorexia nervosa is different from healthy dieting in that a person on healthy diet loses weight in a healthy way, but an anorexic person can do anything to lose weight without considering his or her health. Anorexia can result in lack of energy and can change brain chemistry. Several social and genetic ...

Bacillus thuringiensis is a gram-positive, spore-forming soil bacterium. It can be used as a biological pesticide, since it produces specific parasporal crystalline inclusions that have proven to be toxic for some widespread insect pests. That is why currently the main aim of the researches concerning these bacteria is creation and examination of new more effective strains to be used for control of the insect pest populations and development of insect resistant plants. The restriction enzymes are widely used for genome analysis of the different strains. Valicente and da Silva have used restriction enzymes in their study to investigate the genetic ...

English:

The Great Firewall Gets Bigger is an article in the New York Time that explains the current situation in china relating to how the government is exerting its influence over the people especially through internet restriction. The fact that the government is headed by a communist party means that they are trying to consolidate as much power as possible, and one main way of doing this is by controlling public opinions. Internet restrictions by the government are ways that the government is trying to maximise its control over the mass and reduce the effects that the media and the internet ...

Introduction

Corruption is a social occurrence deep fixed in the history of mankind. It is alike to other types of crime which are likely to occur in procurement of works by authorities and local administration, due to the large amount of money engaged in a lone transaction and the difficulty in supervising project expenditure. The current paper focuses on the types of corruption involved in CCC which is a premier diversified building firm executing engineering, building, procurement, buying into and development projects globally. It pledges to supply reliable, amicable and professional services to precious clients, and to offer a comprehensive support to businesses and ...

Introduction

Racialization is the practice of instilling the consciousness of racial disparities in a person. The early immigrants were subjected to racialization on the basis of their color, culture and labor. Omi and Howard conjecture that when the Europeans explored the American region in the 1970’s they realized that there were people who did not resemble them (59). This surprised them, and they doubted whether these were real human beings like them. Nevertheless the Europeans contemplated converting them into looking like them in all aspects. However, this could not work for them. The Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882 was ...

Introduction

A type of beverage consumed to get an instant mental and physical stimulation is referred to as energy drink. Some of the most popular drinks known to give wings to their consumers include Red Bull, Adrenaline Rush, Erektus, Venom and ISO Sprint. In the US, people in quest of quick gratification take to addiction of some form of energy boosters through coffee, tea and highly caffeinated energy drinks. Energy drinks are very popular among young and adults both; especially adolescents and young adults drink the energy beverages at a shocking rate. The easy availability of energy drinks in the market ...

Individuals on probation or parole find themselves in a rather peculiar situation for even though they are no longer in prison they are nevertheless considered to be still in jail. When a person is released from jail and placed on probation or parole, they are given a manual detailing all the conditions for their probation or parole. The parole officer can then add or eliminate some of these conditions. These must be in writing. Part of the requirements for probation or parole is that the parolee must agree to an absolute waiver of the Fourth Amendment rights, which demands that ...

Analysis of the legal challenge to airport regulation restricting assembly

Introduction Airport Authorities in the United States have always been engaged in legal disputes with citizens over the use of the airport facilities and the conflict such regulations pose with the rights of citizens. The analysis of the Bruce Rocker case attempts to grapple with this never ending conflict and the underlying legal issues usually at hand. The regulation by the Baltimore International Airport in this instance of restricting the assembly of more than 30 people if their business is not travel-related lays bare a number of issues that touch fundamentally on the rights of the citizens. In addition, ...

Introduction

The most widely used model when investigating the breast cancer is T47D cell lines. These cell lines are easily spread, easily manipulated genetically and when used in the experiment, it provides good results. They have been used to examine new therapies and the and the breast cancer pathobiology1. Over many years HER2 has 25% - 30% of human breast cancers have been caused by gene amplification. The monoclonal HER2 and the EGFR are the two HER2-targeted therapies that are used for approval in the most clinics. During growth, HER2 is used to regulate the cell growth and assist ...

1. Exposition The role of PKI’s and its essence in gauging and controlling online access of customer web and online information is critically analyzed and given a prior enquiry

PKIs, Online Security and Business

This part centers its enquiry into the public key encryption and the results or consequences it poses on business. It forms the rubric of the paper.

How the PKI’s enhance Business Security

PKI’s adoption and installation in different business environments has had the competitive advantage of improving internet and online security. This part examines how this level of indulgence has led to ...

Abstract

Biology has occupied a place of honor in the forensic laboratories, and such an easy task as a personal identification is now impossible without the usage of methods of this science. This research is focused on the most promising direction of forensics – the evidence of identification on DNA analysis results. This method is a revolutionary one, preceded by fingerprinting, but much more accurate and correct. Unless it needs a small amount of any tissue with a cell, the DNA analysis is a complicated process because even a small laboratory error may put an unguilty person into prison as it was many years ago before the discovery ...

The term freedom can be used by individuals in various aspects. In speech, freedom is the right to speak freely; in movement, freedom is the ability to move freely; and in society, freedom is the absence of slavery and captivity. A country on the other hand may look at freedom as the right to self rule, without any interference from another country. Human actions, when not restricted or monitored properly, can greatly result in lack of freedom. Susan Faludi in her article “The Naked Citadel” writes about men who do not want the citadel to go coed. She discovers ...

Avena, N., Rada, P. and Hoebel, B. G. (2008). Evidence for Sugar Addiction: Behavioral and Neurochemical Effects of Intermittent, Excessive Sugar Intake. Neuroscience Biobehavioral Review, 32(1): 20-39.

The nervous system evolves to motivate and reinforces an individual to subconsciously eat sweet foods and other foods that may trigger such addictive behavior similar to that of alcohol addiction. In this research, Avena and colleagues attempt to find whether or not sugar should be included in the ranks of heroin and cocaine that could also lead to a natural form of addiction. Avena and colleagues contend that food addiction may be a plausible explanation to explain how the brain pathways evolved in response to natural reinforcements that are activated in the same vein that pathways for narcotics are also activated. ...

Introduction

The term macroeconomic is described as a branch of economics, which deals with the relationship among aggregates components of the economy such as the gross domestic product, inflation, and the unemployment level, among others. This paper will inspect the present state of the United States macroeconomics elements and its implication to the international trade. In essence, the speech centers on macroeconomic components and mainly focuses on international trade and foreign exchange rates.

A surplus of imports into the United States has both the positive and negative implications. The group that benefits from such an import surplus is mainly the consumers ...

Introduction

The book “Guarding the Golden Door: American Immigration Policy and Immigrants Since 1882.” Is a well read and one of the books that have been used by learning institutions due to its resourceful topic. It provides a valuable survey on the US migration since time in memorial. Most of the factual presentations in the book have been drawn from a range of secondary sources, hence strengthening the authenticity of the facts presented by Daniels in this book. The section on the Chinese exclusion of 1882 ushered an era of increased restrictions, for example, the 1924’s Immigration Act. The author successfully plays ...

(Institute/College)

Introduction

Tariffs are defined as custom levies that are imposed on shipped goods. The levy is traditionally calculated as a percentage of the collective cost of the shipment, inclusive of transportation and guarantees. This factor increases the price of the shipment and provides a benefit to local products in that specific market; these are almost never imposed on export products. On average, tariffs hover at 5 percent; however, countries charge varying rates of tariffs depending on the product the tariff is designed to protect. Customs authorities will also impose sales duties, local duties and even additional customs levies. These levies are ...

Business operations are usually subject to various forces including the external factors that businesses have no control over. In that respect, businesses need to devise suitable strategies as a means of responding to the forces’ influence. That is applied as a means of enhancing firms’ performance and sustainability. With that view, this case analysis seeks to demonstrate how a region or a country’s economic aspects affects industries and businesses in terms of performance, value and strategies.

Synopsis and objectives

International trade is a key focus for countries in their bid to enhance growth and embrace globalization. In that respect, trade liberalization is increasingly becoming a crucial tool ...

Application of Erikson’s Post-Freudian Theory

Application of Erikson’s Post-Freudian Theory

Introduction

Erik Erikson’s’ views make significant contributions to the field of psychology; this is particularly in the understanding of personality development and related factors. An understanding of his own study of personal development creates an understanding of development of his psychology (Fleming, 2004). Most of Erikson’s psychology work became evident in the post-Freudian era. It was between the 1930s and 1950s; being one of Freud’s students, most of his work exhibit the influence of Freudian views and theories; this was mainly in the field of personality development. However, dissimilar from Freud’ ...

The use of cell phones while driving is responsible for a large number of road accidents that often result in death of many. Cell phones have particularly become very important in recent times and almost everyone has a phone. It is due to this fact that the use of cell phone has gone overboard. People have started using cell phones even in the most unconventional situations, for instance when driving. In light of this fact, several laws that ban or restrict the use of cell phones while driving have already been enacted. Restricting the use of cell phones while driving is a ...

Gun Laws in US since 1877 to the Present

Debate on the right to own gun in US remains a controversial issue over the last two centuries. In the start of the year 1877, there were increased gun-related cases in United States. The increased cases of violent acts propagated by criminal gangs across US necessitated the government to implement policies on gun ownership. Five years after the formation of National Rifle Association in 1871, the majority of people advocated for gun ownership for personal security. However, the constitution, under the second amendment barred private ownership of guns for personal use. The papers provide the timeline of gun laws revolution ...

The issue of gun control in the United States has long been an incredibly controversial one, with many unique and complex arguments both for and against it. Discussion on the issue has become even more heated and aggressive in the past few years, given the rise of school shootings, gun-related crime, and highly publicized shooting deaths due to gang violence in metropolitan areas. While many people believe that the Second Amendment is a fundamental attribute of our civil rights, this perspective is antiquated, outdated, and does not take into account the many different factors related to guns and gun violence ...

Input Controls:

Input Controls:

Introduction and Functions of Input Controls:

Data input controls refer to application specific user interface components, data and/or transactions used to ensure that data in a computer system is accurate, complete and is entered in a timely manner. Input controls are mainly used when entering data into a computer application or when converting data from the source format into computer data. Data is usually entered into computer applications and systems through manual online input, or through the use of automatic processing. The main function of input control is to ensure data integrity in business applications regardless of whether data is entered into the system directly, remotely ...

Theory of Constraints (TOC) is a popular management methodology developed in the 1980s, Eliyahu Goldratt, which is based on finding and managing key constraint system, which determines the success and effectiveness of the whole system. The main feature of the methodology is that making efforts over the management of a very small number of aspects of the system, an effect much greater than the result of simultaneous action on all or most of the problem areas of the system immediately. The approach is based on the theory of constraints to identify this limitation and manage to increase the rate of ...

Introduction

Terrorist attacks and their live coverage impact the psychology of people in a serious manner. It is extremely horrific to watch terrorist attacks on television but reading them in newspapers also makes parallel effects on the psyche of people. A lot has been discussed on this issue, and there is a difference of opinion among different sections of the society. Some people say that media is just doing its job while others say that portrayal of terrorist attacks should be regulated, and media should avoid portraying ghastly things. It has been observed in a number of cases that portrayal of such ghastly ...

Overview

Like a lioness shielding its cabs from predators are governments protecting its economy from foreign dilution. Every government aims at protecting its economy by preventing foreign dominance into its market. The trade protectionism is achieved when the government restricts trade with other nations. The notion has been achieved in many instances when the government in question passes legislation aimed at regulating importation of certain goods with the sole reason of protecting the local manufacturers. It aims at promoting domestically produced items rather than promoting imports. Ideally, the policy is an utter contrast of free trade where both imports and exports ...

E-learning refers to the type of education or learning facilitated by the use of the internet. As distance education is getting popular with the passage of time, E-learning is highly in use. Through this convenience, it has been easier for students to pursue distance education. Therefore, E-learning involved in distance education enhances the quality of education and supported all types of programs. It is a technology oriented education that makes distance education more feasible. E-learning has several benefits. It is cheap and does not require one to buy books or resources. The web pages are accessed for free. Notwithstanding ...

Introduction

Aging is broadly defined as a decrease in the ability to survive. Aged people have less ability to perform strenuous physical activities and show the deteriorating condition of the organs and increased susceptibility to the diseases. Life expectancy is defined as the average length of the life of the individuals in a population. In developed countries, the life expectancy has increased due to the availability of modern medicines, public health care, nutrition and housing.

Aging of cells, tissues, organs and systems

Aging affects cells, tissues, organs and the system in different ways. The efficiency of the cellular functions decreases and the shape of the cell organelles like nuclei ...

Sleep is an essential component of an individual‘s health and well being. Sleep is a biological system that ensures the body rebuilds itself. The duration of sleep is important in the promotion of attention send other cognitive processes. The period where one is awake takes a toll on the physical and the cognitive ability. Through sleep, physiological changes within the individual work in the repair. Scientific research indicates that sleep also increases mortality. There is a sufficient duration, continuity and intensity of sleep affects an individual. Insomnia is a disease that is associated with sleep deprivation. The lack of sleep proves to ...

Introduction

The rate of abortion in the United States keeps growing, even as government, religious bodies, human rights continue to shun out ways of keeping the figure at the lowest rate and campaigningagainst the continuous practice. Over 56.8 million abortions have been carried out till date, sincethe famous case between Roe vs Wade in January 22, 1973 when the US Supreme Court legalized its unrestricted practice (National Right to Life). Also, there is a raise in the number of abortions committed globally. It is estimated that from 1980 till present day there are about 1.315 billion abortions committed.According to the data ...

8. Which of the following theories of privacy supports the right of a person to be free from interference in his/her private space? a) The skeptical view of privacy b) The communitarian view of privacy c) The control theory of privacy. d) The restricted access theory of privacy. Pg24 9. Which of the following theories support the idea that privacy is an intrinsic human value? a) The control theory of privacy. b) The restricted access theory of privacy. c) Deontological view of privacy. Pg 33 d) Teleological view of privacy 10. Which of the ...