Essays on Smokers

Research Method LSS 2533

Assignment 1 - H00225779

Research questions and hypothesis

Q1:

RQ *How does smoking cause deaths?

H *Smoking causes deaths. Q2:

RQ*Why do smokers have bad breath?

H* Smoker have bad breath. Q3:

RQ*Can smokers be effected financially by smoking?

H* Smoking effects the financial status of smokers. Q4:

RQ* Are friendships with non-smokers a social treatment?

H* Friendship with non-smokers are part of social treatment. Q5:

RQ* Does smoking effect the smoker’s mood and make smokers angry?

H* Smoking effects the smoker’s mood and make them angry. Background research report and justification Smoking is one of the most impactful public health dangers worldwide. It is considered a leading cause of death, illness and impoverishment (WHO, 2016). Tobacco is a highly addictive substance with a well-documented impact on health. It can lead to serious respiratory and cardiovascular diseases, such as lung ...

Health people is a program under the office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion that provides 10-year national goals based on science and evidence to improve the health of all U.S. citizens. With this regard, the Healthy People 2020 was launched on December 2, 2010; it has for main goals aimed at improving the health status of the nation by 2020 and ensuring all Americans live long healthy lives (Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, 2017). One of the goals from the Healthy People 2020 that will have the greatest impact on my community is the first goal ...

Reducing class size enhances the student achievement.

Lesser the class size, more productive will be teaching methodology and more efficient will be the learning experience. For instance, a class of 100 students is being taught an econometric lesson involving complex data analysis will have a comparatively less productivity than the same class with a batch of 50 students. Important to note, because every class has a limited time period, within the one with less class size, students can learn and ask more about their queries compared to a class size with large student size. Hence, as the student learns efficiently about the subject, he is able ...

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Smoking is a hard habit to break. Most smokers, if not all, know this to be true. Despite being associated with different negative health effects, many individuals continue to consume cigarettes on a regular basis. There are many reasons why people engage into smoking, and as a result, many of them also suffer the negative consequences. One of the reasons why people start smoking is due to curiosity. This is true for many teenagers. Most of them are curious about how it feels to smoke, especially when they are seeing family members and peers carry out the ...

Fear messages have been of importance within the nursing profession over the years and were even responsible for the reduction of the use of substance abuse in communities. Substances abuse is discouraged in many communities owing to their negative effects on the general health of an individual (DiBello, Neighbors, & Ammar, 2015). It is because of these adverse consequences that the nursing and health sector, in general, decided to come up with creative ideas to curb the menace. One of the commonly used strategies in this field is the formulation of fear messages to scare away the drug users from ...

Introduction

Riverside County has registered an increase in tobacco use over the previous one decade with the department of public health expressing its grave concerns on its effects to the community. The infamous electronic cigarette is the bond of contention due to its increased use even by the underaged who find it convenient as its symptoms are not easily noted. The adults, however, remain the most affected with most efforts getting futile so far. The smoking issue was marked as critical at the time when the National Institute on Drug Abuse raised the alarm on the increased public smoking habits ...

Introduction

A community health assessment is a vital practice that determines the various aspects that either promotes or deter sustainable health practices. As such, it is essential to analyze the community for the people's needs, the available resources that could be used in providing a solution, the assets in the community as well as the strengths that the particular community exhibits and could be used in facilitating the problem-solving process. In this respect, the paper shows an analysis of Riverside County, California for these elements that could help identify and solve the health issues that affect the county.

Resources in Riverside County

There are ...

Smoking is considered as a worldwide health issue. Apart from the usual notion that only the adults smoke cigarettes, the youth is also involved in this issue. Both the adults and the young ones smoke nowadays. Because of this, their health issues become a recurring problem that needs to be resolved.

Current Issues of Smoking in Kuwait

Based from the findings, the smoking habits in Kuwait are associated with different reasons. The first is for the purpose of relaxation and concentration. Memon et al. stated that Kuwaitis are usually busy because of work and school. During their free time, most of these people intend to ...

A cigarette is a small roll of tiny grounded tobacco leaves rolled in a thin piece of paper for the purpose of smoking. Tobacco as the main ingredient in a cigarette is combined with additional flavors and chemicals which keep the cigarette burning. There exist over 4000 different chemicals in a cigarette most of which have the potential to cause health problems in human beings as researched. This challenge, however, has never prevented smokers from withdrawing, and statistic still shows a significant increase in the number of smokers all over the world annually (Coffa et al. 64-73). Philip Morris ...

Abstract

Introduction Transitioning from a life at home with parents and the teachers as in charge into a college life where the student finds independence of every choice possible, problems like risky behaviors and irregular sleep patterns are nothing out of the ordinary. This new-found freedom is in most cases seen to be unfavorable for the college student because 70 to 96 percent of the student in college get less than 8 hours of sleep per day. This is not a blanket rate which applies to the student of every major from each and every department; rather there are students ...

Results:

Demographics and Smoking Rates: This study involves 80 PHCPs as participants out of which 51.1% aged between 25 and 35. The gender-based ration was (86.8%) female to male. Most of the participants (86.5%) were GP doctors. These ratios can be seen in Figure 1 and 2.

Smoking Rates and Practices:

Based on demographics and diagrammatic (figure 3) illustrations it was found that only 15% involved PHCPs were smokers out of which males ratio was higher (24%) in comparison to females which was only 11%. The observed variation p was significant (p=0.006). Only 5% participants had been ex-smokers while a major segment of 80% ...

Introduction

Tobacco smoking is considered to be a major health issues around the globe and is also claimed to be the most preventable cause of death in current time (Borgan, et al. 2014). Tobacco smoking is associated with 6 million deaths per year around the globe and is considered as one of the biggest public health issues by the World Health Organization (WHO) (Behbehani, et al. 2014). Based on current evidence and a report published by the WHO, 5 out of 6 million deaths are associated with direct tobacco smoking while nearly 600,000 deaths are due to non-smokers exposed ...

Abstract

There are limited or no effective interventions for recurrence of coronary heart diseases among the patients who smoke. Smoking cessation interventions has been suggested to have little benefit; however, there is little evidence on its cost- effectiveness and efficacy of such programs for cardiac inpatients. This study describes the efficacy and cost- effectiveness of intensive smoking cessation methods for cardiac patients admitted in the hospital cardiac unit. The experimental design assesses the efficacy and cost- effectiveness of the intervention that includes face- to- face counselling in combination with the nicotine replacement therapy using 8 cardiac wards of hospitals in ...

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)

Introduction Chronic Obstructive pulmonary disease also known as COPD is a group of diseases which make breathing difficult by obstructing airflow and causing other breathing related problems (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [CDC], 2015). This disease which is described by the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute (NHLBI) as progressive because it worsens over time includes chronic bronchitis, emphysema and asthma in some cases (CDC, 2013; NHLBI, 2013a). In developing countries, poor quality of indoor air is suspected to play a major role in the disease development and progression whereas in the Unites States, tobacco smoke is reported ...

Abstract

Background: Middle Eastern population has demonstrated a clear shift in smoking habits in the recent years. The smoking habit is dominated by waterpipe smoking whose pervasiveness continues to increase at a disturbing rate. Patients consider healthcare professional as role models, therefore they play a significant role in the prevention of smoking. Objective: The aim of this study is to establish the prevalence of smoking, smoking-cessation knowledge, and attitude among healthcare professionals in PHC centers in Qatif and assess the smoking-cessation analysis methods of these healthcare professionals. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed at 80 PHC centers in ...

1. A disease of the lungs wherein the patient experiences difficulty in breathing which aggravates over time, is called Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease or COPD. It is associated with other lung diseases such as chronic bronchitis, emphysema, and refractory (irreversible) asthma. The symptoms include coughing (with or without phlegm), frequent respiratory infection, blueness of the lips or fingernail beds (cyanosis), tightness in the chest, shortness of breath, and wheezing. 2. It has been found that cigarette smoking is the main cause of COPD. Exposure to air pollution, chemicals, fumes, dust, secondhand smoking and other harmful substances that irritate the ...

Saudi Arabia is one of the countries hit hard by tobacco epidemic and critically require saving. Consequently, a fully funded, sustainable, and broad strategy to control tobacco in such countries is necessary to promote quality health. To manage this strategy, a country heavily relies on the support of trained professionals in running programs aimed at reducing smoking. Sadly and much to the contrary, the health professionals themselves use tobacco more regularly compared to even the general community who they are supposed to care for. According to our study, most tobacco users regardless of their gender prefer waterpipe as their ...

Introduction

Cigarette collection systems comprise of the major ways that several companies including Tobacco manufacturing industries that help as one of the strategies in managing effect of cigarette butts in littering bins that is currently a big challenge in urban areas. According to Riutta, (2012), it is imperative to address this topic of issues concerning cigarette butts in our daily city lives because of the high negative impact they have on our environment, and thus health being one of the leading causes of preventable deaths. According to health analysts, cigarette butts are made from a fibrous material that is essential ...

Altria Company

Altria Company formerly known as Phillip Morris Company is one of the leading tobacco and cigarette producers and markets across the globe. With over 180 years of experience in the industry, the company has made significant efforts in manufacturing some of the world’s renown brands such as Marlboro, Copenhagen, Skoal and Black and Mild. The major ethical dilemma the company faces is the fact that there is a trade-off between business and health. With the fact that tobacco causes deaths of thousands of users across the globe, Altria has to engage in various tobacco control programs to ensure ...

Abstract

In India, cigarette packets will now be 85% covered with a message that comprises of 65% photograph and a 20% message highlighting the harmful affects of smoking and the fact that it can lead to cancer.( Porecha & Kutty, 2014) The cancer connect due to smoking has been proven beyond any doubt. Although, discussed only as an issue in an ethical marketing class, the fact remains that, ‘smoking kills’. The fact that tobacco companies pay so much in taxes cannot rule out the harmful affects of smoking. Smoking kills and governments cannot absolve themselves of any moral obligation wherein they ...

Public disturbance is actions that violate public order or moral or other behaviour that is interpreted as a threat to the normal routine of life of the society. Examples of such crimes are prostitution, pornography, gambling, vagrancy, public drunkenness and drug use. Often these disorders are called “crimes without victims” because they are difficult to accurately identify the victims of violations (C. Bartol & A. Barol, 2016). Latest statistics show that almost 80% of crimes are committed while intoxicated. Public disturbance under the influence of alcohol unfortunately occurs quite often. Control over one's own behaviour is reduced; the person is ...

Business Management Assignment

Module 1 Activity 5

Given all the proposed changes, I think that the most likely reasons for resistance to this change is that they will disagree with disbanding their groups because they have learned how to make things more productive by the cooperation of each of them. Disbanding them might make them withdraw their contract to the store and will just start looking for another store where they can all work together again. Another might be the distance of the other store because proximity from their homes is one of the things that are always considered by employees when ...

Vaping vs. Tobacco

Introduction Vaping vs. Tobacco

The financial issue is one of the major areas that are highly debated when discussing vaping and tobacco. Various states have large tracks of a tobacco plantation and that the amount of tobacco sold forms more substantial portion of the country's revenue. Smoking is known to create tremendous wealth, majorly for the government, which has been the leading cause of all conflict of interest. Government revenue is, to a greater percentage, connected to cigarette sales. Tobacco forms a larger part of revenue for huge transnational industries, which results to external factors having a strong influence ...

Summary and Reflection

The speaker’s topics are focusing on occupational health and safety in general terms with various themes to focus on in the broad topic. Understanding the cause of a problem is the first step that will help prevent the occurrence of an injury or problem in the future. Pollution arising from smoke is hazardous to our bodies. Although the government has mandated and given authority to a body to ensure the citizens are safe, it is the responsibility and the duty of every individual at personal and home level to ensure their safety. Smooth co-existence in the society and ...

Business Management Assignment

Module 1 Activity 5

Given all the proposed changes, I think that the most likely reasons for resistance to this change is that they will disagree with disbanding their groups because they have learned how to make things more productive by the cooperation of each of them. Disbanding them might make them withdraw their contract to the store and will just start looking for another store where they can all work together again. Another might be the distance of the other store because proximity from their homes is one of the things that are always considered by employees when ...

Initiating change in a given sector requires a lot of planning and implementation of the plans. It is essential to plan for the resources required in the initiation and development of the change strategy. The resources required must also be managed for effective delivery of a chosen intervention. Managing resources require an input of stakeholders who are convinced and willing to assist in the delivery of the intervention. When identifying the stakeholders, it is crucial to inform them of the importance of a project to the targeted population. This would enable them to analyse the benefits of the project ...

[Author Name] [Author Affiliation]

GENERAL INFORMATION ON DENTAL IMPLANT TREATMENT

Objective of dental implants After losing teeth, the supporting bone segment is no longer essential and begins to gradually disappear (Misch, 2008). Once this begins, the missing portions can be replaced with removable dentures or fixed bridges; this process enhances visual appeal, corrects speech impediments and improves mastication. However, complications can occur when replacing living tissues with artificial apparatuses. Dentures have been shown to decrease the efficiency of the chewing process, initiate additional bone loss and often experience inadequate retention (Knowles, 1958). Furthermore, dentures may require additional support, which affects the healthy teeth that are ...

The National Health Service (NHS) was created in 1948. It was created to provide health care services to the citizens. Before its creation, residents had to pay for their health care. The driving force behind its creation was the feeling that residents have a right to good health care and that it should be available to all people regardless of their wealth or social class. It was based on three core principles; that it meets the needs of all people, it is free at the point of delivery, and that it is based on clinical needs and not the ...

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Almost all around the world, different organizations put their best effort to convince smokers to quit in order to avoid the negative effects of tobacco. The same holds true in the country of Thailand. In the year 2012, the Thai Health Promotion Foundation created a short video advertisement to convince smokers to quit. The foundation is a local agency that aims to promote health and well-being of individuals and the society as a whole. Because smoking causes serious health damage as well as environmental impact, it is not surprising that the Thai Health Promotion Foundation specifically targets ...

The class information

Degree program Turabian Style Introduction Smoking is among bad habits which reflect young people’s addictive practice with regards to negative behavior. In this respect adolescents can become smokers of traditional or electronic cigarettes and cigars in addition to smokeless tobacco users. This trend indicates that adult smokers tend to start before they turn eighteen, and statistics proves that “14% of high school students smoke cigarettes, 13% smoke cigars, and 6% use [smokeless tobacco]” . Addiction to traditional and electronic cigarettes derives from availability of tobacco products for sale, peer group influences and most importantly advertising. Advertising impacts American young ...

Presentation of Problem

Smoking is a major concern in WSU. Currently, the institution’s smoking area is emitting so much smoke in the environment that in turn induces non-smokers to passive smoking (WSU, 2016). Passive smoking is involuntary smoking that occurs as a result of inhaling smoke from the cigarette tip and the one that is exhaled by an active smoker(s) (environmental tobacco smoke). Just like active smoking, passive smoking can have far-reaching consequences on the non-smoker’s health. For instance, both the smokers and non-smokers in the university are likely to be diagnosed with smoking-related illnesses such as lung cancer, ...

Abstract

The progressive loss of structure and function of neurons together with their death is called neurodegeneration. This process often causes such an illness as Alzheimer’s. Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is one of the main causes of dementia that has different symptoms, among them, are language problems, disorientation, rapid mood changes, indifference to life, loss of short memory, strange behavior and inability to manage self-care. Scientists have not discovered the exact factors of the disease yet. Genes, obesity, head injuries and depression can be the ground. Unfortunately, there is no any cure of Alzheimer and elderly of 65 and ...

The Disease/Condition

This essay focuses on a study done by Luepker et al. in the year 1994. The study was entitled Community Education for Cardiovascular Disease Prevention: Risk Factor Changes in the Minnesota Heart Health Program. Specifically, the study focussed on the efficacy of the Minnesota Heart Health Program in reducing incidents of cardiovascular diseases in Minnesota. The public intervention program was carried out after it became evident that cardiovascular diseases, particularly coronary heart diseases, were on the rise in most developed nations, including the United States (Luepker et al., 1994, p.1383). One of the government initiatives developed to counter the ...

Part A: A Brawl in Mickey’s Backyard

The primary stakeholders in the SunCal’s plans are the; Employee unions and Disney. The secondary stakeholders will include; the Backers, Affordable housing advocates, the city council the other individuals and groups drawn by the prospect of reducing long commutes and the Save Our Anaheim Resort District group. The unions of employees are representing the Disney employees to ensure that they get affordable rental houses near their place of work. The Affordable Housing advocates are representing the employees; they are the voice of the employees for affordable housing. The other groups and individuals support the idea because it is ...

Assignment Number:

Description of Health Issue Smoking is the practice of burning substances and breathing in the resulting smoke so that it is tasted and further absorbed into the bloodstream of an individual. Smoking is a major health issue around the world as it causes various diseases. In Canada, health issues emanating from smoking are reported every day.100 Canadians are reportedly dying each day out of diseases related smoking (Smoking and Mortality, 2011). Furthermore, the smoke affects second-hand smokers as well, with 800 deaths being reported from victims of lung cancer and heart disease every year. Smoking affects the Canadian community ...

Smoking is a learned habit that has existed in the society for long. This allows us to understand how the habit affects health and wellbeing both. Though the country may make millions of dollars selling tobacco, it spends several times more on treating diseases caused by the smoking habit. Explain why sociology is useful in helping us to challenge the dominance of biomedicine and understand health and health care as shaped by biopsychosocial factors. The society we belong treats scientific knowledge as proven and reliable information to improve once understanding about the world we live. Biomedical understanding of diseases ...

Should There be Introduced a Ban on Smoking?

Thesis: The ban on smoking should be introduced as this dangerous issue affects public health. I. Americans today tend to believe that a ban on smoking should be introduced in all enclosed public spaces, cafes, bars and restaurants as this major issue has proved to cause a number of different illnesses such as heart disease and lung cancer. A. THE ABSOLUTE BAN ON SMOKING BY PEOPLE WHO PATRONISE SOCIAL VENUES MAY SERVE TO INTERRUPT OR PREVENT THE SMOKING HABIT. 1.According to Trotter et.al. the situational influence on young people may have a better effect if they are not addicted ...

Cigarette smoking in the smoking-free zone in the Washington State University is currently a major concern. Those using tobacco in the institution incorporate the faculty, students, and other individuals visiting the University (WSU, 2013). It implies that so many people are utilizing the facility, smoking area that ends up emitting too much smoke in the environment. The smoke is in turn inhaled by other students who are not active smokers. These students end up joining the smoking chain as passive smokers due to their exposure to the environmental tobacco smoke. Passive smoking happens involuntarily. In some cases, an individual ...

The utilization of cigarettes is a major public health issue and is considered a harmful and highly addictive habit. Many different people smoke for various reasons, including to relieve stress because tobacco use can give the user pleasure and calmness. Smoking also harms the people around the smoker as they become passive smokers. Hundreds of thousands of people are diagnosed daily with the effects of smoking, for example, cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and deteriorated dental hygiene. Tobacco use is an expensive affair, usually costing the average smoker about $5 a day, $35 a week, $140 a month, and approximately $1, ...

Overview

Currently, the smoking area in WSU is filled with a lot of smoke as a result of too much smoking. It, in turn, induces passive smoking to nonsmokers in the institution. Just like active smoking, passive smoking is also associated with lots of adverse health implications since it causes infections such as lung cancer, lower respiratory tract diseases, and asthma amongst others. These illnesses can lead to losing of lives as well as financial losses (Yi Nam et al., 2016). It is essential to devise a way that can be applied to countering smoking associated health concerns in WSU. ...

Every day more and more people understand the negative impacts of smoking. As a result, they want to quit this bad habit. However, it should be noted that it is not easy to stop smoking all at once. Therefore, each person should find one's own way that will help them to say no to a cigarette. Among the possible ways of doing so, it is possible to mention the following: make a plan, avoid smoking triggers, replace it with something else, and stay positive. First of all, those who want to quit smoking should make up their personal plan. ...

Introduction: Smoking is a learned habit that has existed in the society for long. This allows us to understand how the habit affects health and wellbeing both in the short term and in the long term. This injurious habit of smoking has taken a commonplace in our culture. Tobacco, the key ingredient in cigarettes, is the leading cause of avoidable illness in the world. A person who smokes 2 packs of cigarette per day, spends ~ 3-4 hours per day on smoking and inhales 1000mg of tar each day. The health care cost is several times higher for smokers when ...

[Health care]

Introduction

Though smoking has only negative effects, especially when it can cause different cancers in the body, nevertheless, the mass media try to make smoking look acceptable and cool, which helps tobacco firms enlarge their revenues (Services, Health and First).

In recent years, separated from traditional cigarette smoking, which comparatively went down, we can observe a significant increase in using electronic cigarettes. The amount of students who are studying in high school or even middle school, continue smoking e-cigarettes and what is terrible to state that the number of such occasions doubled from 2012 and kept increasing (Gonchar). ...

Smoking is one of the most harmful habits dangerous to the health of not only smokers but also others. Currently, smoking has become a massive "epidemic" common among men, women and even children. The fact that smoking is harmful to health know everyone, but not all realize the true extent of its impact. Damage to health damage is delayed in time and not immediate, but gradual, usually after 10-20 years after the onset of smoking. Therefore, many smokers at first do not notice changes in their health status and believe that nothing will happen to them in the future, ...

Introduction

Consumption of addictive psychoactive substances can be traced back to the earliest records of the human history. In ancient past, these psychoactive substances were consumed in various occasions: some priest consumed the substances during religious ceremonies; some substances such as opium were used for medicinal purposes; were consumed by the general population as they were socially accepted. People later devised various potent compounds which were easier to administer. As a result of high administration, addiction and abuse of these substances began. As early as in the 17th century, the concern of overuse of these substances and the loss of ...

Rabbi Moshe Feinstein was born in 1895 and had great influences in his life like his father being a Rabbi ( Jewish Virtual Library, 2016). He came to the United States in 1937 where he became a Yeshiva in New York. He was well-known for his work as a religious law authority figure and his rulings were respected by people across the world. He was dedicated and selfless; people would approach him with their problems and dilemmas. His decisions were published and continue to influence people of this community. Rabbi Moshe gave his opinion on a number of issues, including ...

Today the problem of smoking is very actual. There is a great number of people, that smoke everywhere. That is why, non smokers are hostage of the situation. In this case, the non smokers cannot be a side of this global disaster of society. Also, people smoke in public areas, which is not acceptable, because there are a lot of people and children that do not smoke. It is dangerous for their health. They have to defend their own rights. The smoking is a bad habit and million of people suffer from this dependence, but nevertheless it is not ...

Abstract

Smoking and nicotine addiction is one of the issues that has been widely discussed and blogged globally. There are several divisive issues with regard to the effects smoking and how the problem should be dealt with globally. The public health officials use empirical evidence to prove that smoking causes problems like lung cancer, sexual impairment, and depression. The cigarette manufacturers on the other end oppose the idea that smoking can be directly linked to any of the three mentioned problems. The responses to such issues include various empirical studies trying to prove the health implications of smoking. This paper ...

I am concerned about smoking because it has been estimated that one billion people could die from smoking on the global level in the current century. This is a concern of public interest due to the fact that smoking does not only affect people who smoke, but also the non-smokers who are exposed to secondhand smoke. I do not think that people are completely aware of the severity of this issue, because they keep smoking in spite of all the warnings which are supposed to make them comprehend the hazardous effects of smoking. Smoking kills people and causes illnesses ...

Description of the Behaviour

This project seeks to modify a behaviour of chain smoking in a smoker named John. Chain smoking is a behaviour associated with the constant consumption of more than 25 cigarettes in a day. A chain smoker always feels the urge to smoke a stick of cigarette without any valid reason. The behaviour is a psychological dependency caused by the chemicals contained in the tobacco. It can last for more than three years since it is very addictive. Chain smoking is s serious problem given the immense health impacts it has on the smoker (Ober, 1968).

Ecological analysis

Chain smoking is affected ...

Introduction

Since its establishment, Disney was known to promote racism through racial messages embedded within their films for several years. Though many people assert that Disney followed the signs of the time, it was against the moral law to be insensitive to other cultures while promoting the interest of another race which was perceived as superior. Dumbo, for example, was a film laced with racists messages. Disney has embraced the word, Crow, to stereotype African Americans as cigar smokers, lazy as well as associated with criminal activities. Peter Pan film also emphasized the notion of racial discrimination against other cultures. ...

Quasi-experiments are research designs that attempt to mimic an experimental design. However, the researcher cannot control the assignment of study participants to groups: a key feature for true experiments (Wadsworth, n.d.). This paper explores quasi-experiments as a research design.

Part 1

Advantages of Quasi-experiments Firstly, quasi-experiments, as the name suggests, are not true experiments. They contain elements of both a true experimental and correlational research (Jackson, 2012). Therefore, they allow the researcher to obtain stronger conclusion compared to when they conduct a pure correlational research. Secondly, quasi-experiments are useful in circumstances when conducting a true experiment is either infeasible or very ...

Summary of Teaching Plan

Tobacco smoking is a global epidemic amongst the youths today. Like the adults, the youths are also exposed to great health problems. In the United States particularly, there are huge implications for the economic and public health concerns both now and in the future. Although smoking is the most preventable cause of death, the United States has suffers approximately 500,000 smoking related deaths every year (Hanewinkel, Isensee, Sargent, & Morgenstern, 2010). Although many people are aware of the dangers of smoking, many still fall prey and end up getting addicted to the habit. It is for this reason that ...

Healthy behaviors play a key role in daily life. Yet, certain unhygienic practices tend to interfere with the health and induce a risk to the overall life. These practices could be high-fat diet, alcohol, and smoking. There is a need to know much about these. In such context, the present description deals with a topic “ What will kill you first, a smoking, a high-fat diet or alcohol?”.

Health -related risk factors:

A risk factor is any quality, trademark or presentation of a person that improves the probability of building up an ailment or damage. A few illustrations of the more vital danger elements ...

Abstract

There have come many activists that have repeatedly stressed the usefulness of marijuana and the benefits that associate with the decision of having the drug legalized that many of the US states have followed in that decision, and we cannot blame them. The arguments that were presenting have always been very persuasive. The problem that we face now is that not only has the drug become legalized and hence widely available, rather the use of pot has also been made to be perceived as less harmful that it actually is. In this paper, we are going to study the ...

Marijuana is an addictive and powerful drug that has various effects on the user’s body. These effects include various effects on the brain, effects on the body and mental or psychological effects as well. Marijuana is harmful because of its extracts which are potentially dangerous especially when marijuana is consumed in large amounts. Marijuana use has several effects on the human brain. These are categorized as short term and long term effects of marijuana. Smoking marijuana causes the THC in the drug to pass through the lungs into the blood circulatory system. The chemical reaches the brain through ...

For many people who smoke electronic cigarettes, the main purpose is to combat nicotine addiction – this way people are trying to quit smoking modern tobacco products. Exploring the topic how effective the electronic cigarette is in combat against tobacco smoking, I pursue the only goal to prove that today the electronic cigarette is the life-saving panacea, which does not require the rejection of the smoking ritual but at the same time it does not cause the dangerous harm to the body of a smoker. Many people mistakenly believe that electronic cigarettes are dangerous to health – this statement is not ...

Problem 1

Problem The proportions of smokers is calculated: Smokers Total=585975=0.6. The proportions of non-smokers is calculated: Non-smokers Total=390975=0.4.

These values are used to calculate the expected numbers (Table 2)

The χ2 for the test is calculated using the observed and the expected data: χ2=(Observed-Expected)2Expected

The χ2 is calculated as the sum of the cells in Table 3:

χ2=3.93 + 0.11 + 1.02 + 5.9 + 0.17 + 1.53 = 12.66 The number of degrees of freedom is: f = (Columns – 1)(Rows – 1) = (3 – 1)(2 – 1)= 2. The critical value of χ2 at 0.1 significance level is: χ2(2;0.1)critical=4.61. The null hypothesis is H0: p1 = p2 = p3, all proportions are equal. The alternative hypothesis is H1: p1 ≠ p2 ≠ p3, or at least one proportion is different. ...

An Assignment Submitted by

Synopsis The book Succeed: How We Can Reach Our Goals written by Heidi Grant Halvorson creates the step by step instructions of how to reach the aims. The work is not the container of simple clichés and well-known instructions, but a specific set of advices of how to reach personal goals. The entire work is following a logical structure of indentifying the goals, preparing to achieve them through the evaluation and investigation, and accrual attainment of the goals. According to the author, it is essential to distinguish between true goals and those imposed by the environment, as the ...

Will become smoker or not?

There are a lot of things, without which people cannot live. Humans are accustomed to a large number of things that help them to have fun, relax or simply kill time. Among this set of habits, a special place belongs to old, but at the same time always modern habit - smoking. Surely it’s a bad habit, for which humans spend a lot of money, time and health, of course. In the modern world the number of smokers is rather increasing than decreasing. Some people start smoking, whereas others don’t even try, but why? After all, what ...