Essays on Hyperactivity.

Childhood bipolar is a disorder that mainly occurs in children. These children are characterized by periodical and abrupt mood swings, periodical hyperactivity which can also be followed by very intense temper tantrums which in most cases lead to deviant behaviors. All these behaviors can be seen in these children within a very short period of time many a times leading to misunderstanding of these children (Fristad & Arnold 23). Peace may become a vocabulary to his children because they never seem to look settled and if they do, these periods last for just a short time. This is a problem that needs to be taken not ...

Introduction

A national health interview survey conducted by the U.S Department of Health and Human Services (2011) has showed that about 5.2 million children aged from one to seventeen years old have been diagnosed with Attention Deficit Hypertension Disorder, while the average annual ambulatory care visits with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder as the primary diagnosis has reached 9.0 million (cdc.gov).

According to the National Institute of Mental Health (2012), Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder is listed among the most common brain disorders that occur during childhood and can last up to adulthood. Some of the most distinguishing symptoms of the ...

Agha, S., Zammit, S., Thapar, A., & Langley, K. (2013). Are parental ADHD problems associated with a more severe clinical presentation and greater family adversity in children with ADHD?. European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 22(6), 369-377.

Mulligan, A. A., Anney, R. R., Butler, L. L., O'Regan, M. M., Richardson, T. T., Tulewicz, E. M., & Gill, M. M. (2013). Home environment: association with hyperactivity/impulsivity in children with ADHD and their non-ADHD siblings. Child: Care, Health & Development, 39(2), 202-212.

The article discussed the significant association of the home environment with hyperactive/impulsive symptoms found among children with ADHD-CT and non-ADHD siblings. For this study, the authors 96 children with ADHD combined type (ADHD-CT) and their siblings to participate. They also used the parent and teacher Conners’ rating scales to assess the children who with ADHD-CT and the non-ADHD siblings. After the test were completed, home environment was taking into account the middle childhood and early adolescent Home Observation for Measurement of the Environment (HOME).

The results revealed that there is an association between HOME and diagnosis of oppositional defiant ...

Prenatal Methylmercury, Postnatal Lead Exposure, and Evidence of Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder among Inuit Children in Arctic Québec. By: Boucher, Olivier, Jacobson, Sandra W., Plusquellec, Pierrich, Dewailly, Éric, Ayotte, Pierre, Forget-Dubois, Nadine, Jacobson, Joseph L., Muckle, Gina, Environmental Health Perspectives, 00916765, Oct2012, Vol. 120, Issue 10.

This study sought to determine the relationship between behavioral changes and ADHD in children and their prenatal diet. Basing on previous studies (that associated Methylmercury and polychlorinated biphenyls to impairment in attention and performance), this study on Inuit children examined amounts Lead (Pb) in their diet in relation to exposure to Methylmercury ( ...

1. What is the underlying mechanism of M.A.'s asthma? What are the three airway responses that occur during an asthma episode?

An autoimmune response to allergens from cats and plants is the underlying mechanism for the patient’s condition. These allergens, though nonpathogenic, trigger an inflammatory cascade wherein lymphocytes, eosinophils, mast cells, neutrophils, macrophages and dendritic cells exert their effects on the respiratory tract (Linzer 87). As an example, B lymphocytes synthesize immunoglobulin E which helps signal the release of histamine, leukotrienes, prostaglandin and cytokines which are proteins that promote vasodilation and hyperactivity in mucus-producing goblet cells (Murdoch & Lloyd 27). Prostaglandin causes the smooth muscles in the airway to constrict. Along with vasodilation and increased mucus production, bronchial constriction ...

Question 1

Disruptive behavior problems include violence and aggression and are connected to various difficulties a child is facing in the school environment such as poor academic performance and problems in peer relationships. These disruptive behaviors normally affect the child, his or her family members as well as classmates at school. However, instilling the child with social skills and minimizing aggressiveness can effectively solve these problems. Social skills programs can provide the child with a range of skills required to cope with school environment, both socially and academically. One of the important skills learnt in program is the problem solving skills, which help ...

Part 1

Question 1

According to Bartol, C. & Bartol, A. M. (2008), there are different levels of competence in adult and juvenile cases, and these differences are based on the involved party’s understanding of the law. At the same time, Bartol, C. & Bartol, A. M have explained that juvenile competence has increased, especially in the twenty first century. Some of the areas that they have cited this increased include New Hampshire, UK; New York and California. This makes them different represented, before they are brought for delinquency proceedings. However, they have maintained that the criteria for competence in ...

Human beings have a tendency to consider behaviour that differs from their own to be abnormal. A person’s background plays a major role in forming their perceptions about abnormality. What may be considered to be normal in another country or culture may be viewed as abnormal in another. Hence, the identification of abnormal behaviour is crucial as it forms the first step towards the treatment of the ailment. Every classified abnormal behaviour has certain symptoms that are noticeable. However, they can often be confused with slight disturbances in behaviour. The intensity of a symptom is vital in understanding whether behaviour can ...

Introduction

The United Nations (UN) estimates that the number of amphetamine abusers to be between 13-53 million globally and most of them are between 15-64 years old. Amphetamines are a group of psychoactive drugs that induce a stimulant effect on users. However, they are associated with a high level of psychological dependence and potential for both mental and physical toxicity-related problems (Sevak, William, and Rush). Being body stimulants, amphetamine's abuse has potential for adverse effects on the abuser. Amphetamines elicit both mental and physical symptoms in active users and those on withdrawal/rehabilitation. Some of the side effects of amphetamine abuse include behavioral ...

Introduction

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder is a psychiatric disorder in which patients exhibit impulsive behaviour and an inability to fix attention for any significant length of time. Behaviour patterns of such persons are not age-appropriate. This disorder is detected predominantly in children and presents between ages 6 to 12. Diagnosis can be definite only after the condition has existed for a minimum period of six months to a year. The major presenting symptom is lack of attention at school and home study which reflects on academic performance. Clinical diagnosis is based on certain standardized tests – questionnaires for parents as well as children. These ...

Introduction

It is very common to hear of the term “risk factor” in epidemiology as well as in criminal behavior studies. In general, sense, a risk factor is a term used to refer to a variable that is associated with an alleviated risk of infection, disease or disorder. The number of identified diseases, disorders and infections are very large and consequently; the number of risk factors that increase the susceptibility to them is large. Each disease, infection or disorder has its own set of risk factors. However, some risks factors that have been found apply in all three aspects mentioned above. This paper ...

Abstract

Great deal of children all over the world suffers from Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder. Symptoms of ADHD include hyperactivity, emotionalism and difficulty of staying focused. Children with ADHD usually have the lack of comprehension skills, poor study results and problems with following instructions as a result, they are more likely to conflict with coevals and teachers. There are different types of ADHD treatments, the most common one is academic interventions which include manipulating antecedent conditions, parent tutoring, homework management programs, instructional modifications, self-monitoring. Self- monitoring technique is crucial for children with ADHD, as teaches them not only to regulate ...

Psychology

OUTLINE - Introduction - An overview of the main points involving Bipolar Disorder will be discussed - Description of Bipolar Disorder - Etiology or cause of the disorder - DSM-IV-TR or DSM-5 symptom criteria of Bipolar Disorder - Disorder Statistics - Prevalence or the number of people who display Bipolar Disorder in the total population at any given time - The number of cases or incidence of Bipolar Disorder appearing during a specific period - Other relevant facts pertaining to Bipolar Disorder - Treatments for Bipolar Disorder - The ...

- Introduction Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is the most common neuropsychiatric order in children. Its first diagnosis on children was done in 1980s. However, the condition had been described in various names for over one hundred years. For many years healthcare professionals and providers believed that this disorder only affected children. The diagnosis of adults with ADHD disapproved this belief. It is now universally accepted that ADHD affect both children and adults across all cultures. The world prevalent rate in 2007 was 3.4% (Knutson & O'Malley, 2010).

Definition

ADHD is a neurological disorder that is partly caused by the dysfunction ...

Discussion 6

The Brumbies, a local Charter School has experienced exponential growth in the student body because of the allure of the school’s can-do-attitude. Currently, the school has a student body of 450 students. However, there is only one part time nurse to serve the entire student body. Out of the 450 students in the school, seven students require medication on a daily basis. Out of these seven students, four students take Ritalin while at school. Two other students require inhalers before physical education and recess. The other one student has a long term cardiac problem, and as such takes medication for the problem. ...

Abstract

This paper reviews current knowledge about Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) in adults. For many years ADHD was thought to only affect children, but now it is clear that almost all children with ADHD still have symptoms as adults that impair their functioning in all aspects of life. This paper reviews how these symptoms are manifested in adults, and how ADHD affects their lives. Also, this paper reviews contributing reasons that most children do not grow out of ADHD, and contributing factors to adult ADHD. Last this paper reviews how ADHD is diagnosed in adults, the importance of correct ...

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a developmental, neurobiological condition characterized by age appropriate level hyperactivity, inattention and impulsivity. The criteria for the condition assessment indicate that children with this condition must show hyperactivity, inattentiveness and impressiveness before the age of seven years for over six months. This behavior could be exhibited at home or in school and should leads to a significant impairment in the daily functionality of the child (Nogueira et al, 2014). People with this condition talks excessively, tend to intrude and interrupt others in classroom discussions, conversations and games. Such people also when being spoken to they ...

Mood disorders are divided into manic episodes (“manic depressive illness”) and depression (“unipolar depression”) (Kluwer 2). Patients with mania are extremely energetic while those who suffer from depression are inactive and apathetic. The World Health Organization identified the basic symptoms of the mental disorders. Hyperactivity, irritability, unreasonable optimism, decreased sleep are signs of manic episodes. Loss of interest, loss of appetite, feeling of worthlessness and helplessness, sleep disturbances, poor concentration are depression symptoms. During the diagnostic of the mental disorders, the physician should determine the basic psychopathological symptoms, their type and the possible causes. For example, sleep disturbances and ...

Attention Deficiency Hyperactivity Disorder has no definite diagnosis as there are many disorders that may exhibit the same symptoms. However, any symptoms that may show lack of attention or quick loss of it such as simple distraction combined with those implying hyperactivity may lead to a medical practitioner suspecting the presence of the disease (Oltmanns, 2012). However, the symptoms must be proven to negatively interfere with the functioning of the patient, and they must have been noticed at a relatively early age, preferably before 12. The symptoms must also be specific and not easily allude to another disorder. Daily life is ...

Introduction

The cases where children are mostly considered to be incurring massive conditions of behavioral dysfunction is often noted as somewhat problematic not only for the parents but for their school handlers as well. This is why when such problems arise, it is highly important for such young ones to be given attention to. Their cases should not be neglected nor be set aside as somewhat normal as doing so might make the scenario rather more complicated in the long run. In this discussion, a presentation of how a case of ADHD in a child is to be resolved through specific intervention approaches ...

Introduction

People put different things into their bodies every single day, and people are even less concerned about what the food they eat is made of; nutrition is nutrition. The artificial dye content in food is a cause for concern, there are some people that are clueless as far as what artificial food dye is harmful. There are many kinds of artificial dyes that are found in foods such as Red 40 Allura Red, Citrus Yellow and Blue along with Green. These artificial dyes are very dangerous, and have been known to trigger different reactions within people. Some have been known ...

Introduction

Some students have trouble at school that includes learning, concentration, and perception to problems, language, and behavior. These difficulties usually arise due to various problems like behavioural problems, psychiatric disorders, emotional problems, physical disorders, and learning disorders. Children with such kind of disorders usually require additional services and accommodations with the least restrictive environment from their educational institute in order to support their ability to receive regular education in schools. Three Federal Laws have been applied in America related to education for disabled students. These include, - Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973 - The ...

Alberto, age 55, was brought to the emergency department of a regional medical center by his brother-in-law. Alberto is pacing, demanding, agitated, and speaking vociferously. “I did not wish to come here! My brother-in-law is simply jealous and he is trying to make me appear like I am suffering from some sort of insanity!” Alberto’s treatment is financially subsidized by his brother in law. Alberto will undergo a maximum of 8 sessions at 2 hours each session. The session will start on June 25, 2014.

Presenting Problem

Alberto is a 55-year-old man who was brought to the emergency department of a regional medical center ...

Introduction

Most of us have faced moments when we were not able to concentrate on the work on hand. There were times when focusing on a task was a big challenge. However, for most of us this type of syndrome is not very common. However, for some people these types of behaviors are a day-to-day affair. For those people this type of syndrome is uncontrollable and persistent. If a person shows such signs then they may be a victim of attention deficit hypersensitivity syndrome. Attention Deficit Hypersensitivity Syndrome (ADHD) does not show any physical signs or cannot be detected using laboratory tests. The symptoms of ...

Based on the current situation, Robby should have a strong intervention. In his tender age of 14, his mind is not developed enough to differentiate good and bad. He cannot take rational decisions and think about the long term effects of this habit of marijuana. He requires a collective family support to understand his situation and take a decision for him and not by force. Children in this age are going through hormonal changes and divert easily towards substance abuse by imitating friend and seniors. To target this problem more effectively, he needs separation from his current friends and needs the company ...

Introduction

It is a very common aspect of children that during their childhood they are likely to ignore or forget things, start anything without thinking, or having lack of focus. Such children are perceived as behaving normal but studies from research show that they can be victims of Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). It is a very common disease that is found in children, defined as a mental disorder and behavioral disturbance that is caused by various factors including environmental factors such as inconsistent parenting (Castellanos et.al, 2002). As it is a mental disorder when a child catches the disease, he experiences plenty of problems ...

Introduction

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a psychiatric disorder characterized by behavioral symptoms such as inattentiveness, impulsiveness and hyperactivity. The exact reason for ADHD remains unknown. However, research indicates that ADHD runs through families, which means that the condition is inherited from one’s parents (Brown, 2005). Other cases are thought to be caused by an individual’s environment, although the environment plays a minor role compared to genetics. In the United States, American Psychiatric Association approximates that 5 % of children have ADHD (Brown, 2005). The percentage of children diagnosed with ADHD continues to increase, with statistics indicating that this percentage ...

Introduction

Most of us have faced moments when we were not able to concentrate on the work in hand. There were times when focusing on a task was a big challenge. However, this type of syndrome is not very common for most of us, but some people show this kind of behavior on a day to day basis. For those people showing the lack of concentration and inattentiveness on a regular basis, this type of syndrome becomes uncontrollable and persistent. Any person showing such signs may be a victim of attention deficit hypersensitivity syndrome. Attention Deficit Hypersensitivity Syndrome (ADHD) does not show any physical signs ...

I. What is it Like to be an ADHD Person? (ADHD Signs and Symptoms)

What do persons with ADHD are like?

Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) has been described as the most prevalent childhood disorder (Dell & Shultz, 2009). A person with ADHD has difficulty focusing on a particular task, which he/she finds commonplace or boring, which makes him/her to get easily distracted at it. He/She has a hard time controlling the things he/she has to do or say, as well as, the amount of physical activity he/she has to perform as compared to someone without an ADHD. Because an individual with ADHD has greater impulsiveness and restlessness, he/she may ...

During the last three months, I have been engaged in several community service projects related to developmental psychology, especially child psychology. As a volunteer, I worked with many children and adults dealing with a wide range of issues: learning disabilities, anxiety, depression, behavioral problems, trauma, and abuse. Through my experiences, I have learned to apply the material learned in the psychology classroom to real life situations. I performed the following four good deeds in the past three months: volunteered as a tutor to provide after-school tutoring and homework assistance for a child diagnosed with Attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), volunteered to provide weekend care ...

It is generally known that nowadays’ family institution is in the doldrums, with divorce rate being at its highest, parents not wanting to raise mentally handicapped children, abusing proscribed substances or not being able to maintain them. These are very few reasons that cause parents to abandon their children only for them to be adopted by a new family if they have such luck. However, as per scientific researches, children to enter a new family face a whole variety of mental issues that may keep them from growing into fully-fledged individuals. They have hard times trying to get themselves acclimatized in their ...

English

Clinical and non-clinical methods to treat ADHD has gathered momentum ever since, the syndrome of this disorder began to surface alarmingly in children. ADHD is mostly associated with emotional and behavioral disorders and because of this, professionals find it difficult to diagnose. It can therefore be said that ADHD is more than the inability to focus; it is a self-regulatory disorder. Such symptoms as inattentiveness and impulsiveness occur across a range of childhood problems and can be misleading. We see that most people behave in a conscientious manner, because of which these people are well organized, efficient and responsible. Understanding conscientious ...

Introduction

Children are exposed to various scenarios where they engage in different symptoms at one point or another. The adolescence level is the most prevalent as children are exposed to different point where they have to be medicated to curb the scenarios of changes in their physical, cognitive ad social lives. Most of the children today take drugs in order to focus on their day to day activities. This has come as a result of parenting activities that drive children into engaging in activities that are not within their capacity. The conditions related to childhood medication include attention Deficit Hyperactivity disorder ( ...

Food has always been considered one of the most important necessities a person could not live without even in the modern world. Like other necessities, food has also transformed to cater to the changing tastes and eating habits of the public. Some have created new recipes, blends and even flavors that exemplifies the eating experience. There are also new processed and ready to eat meals developed for those who are always on the go or those wishing for a fast meal. For children, colorful snacks and desserts are also available for their eating pleasure. However, there are a few groups raising concerns ...

ADHD Student

ADHD is a disorder in students that results to impulsivity, inattention and hyperactivity signs which affect fast and effective modes of studying.

Rationale for teaching

ADHD in students can be realized and action taken to support them. A student is known to be inattentive when he doesn’t pay attention to is given details and makes careless mistakes. He is less attentive. He can’t follow and plan or organize projects. He is easily bored with a task and misplaces books and homework. Hyperactivity symptoms include constant squirms, talks excessively, always on the move, has a quick temper and can’t play quietly or relax ( ...

- Motivation Models When learning a new language, there are many theories and models demonstrating how motivation can be achieved. The most prevailing one is what Dorney (2003), Professor of Psycholinguistics at the University of Nottingham, calls intrinsic and extrinsic motivation. In detail, an intrinsically motivated student studies because he/she is finds learning fascinating and a truly rewarding experience. An extrinsically motivated student, on the other hand, studies to get good grades and to enjoy peer and teacher appraisal for his/her academic performance. However, motivation is a real challenge, given the variety of learning styles and student attitudes (Deci & Flaste). To ...

Introduction

ADHD is the attention deficit hyperactivity disorder is one of the disorders of neurodevelopment type in which it depicts significant problems in terms of attention of acting impulsively or hyperactivity. The symptoms should begin when on is six years old to twelve and such individuals should avail themselves for checkups and diagnosis. The essence of such disorders affects individual’s performance in school. The insufficiency in the absence of paying attention by the student may result in poor performance in school. The synthesis will explain various scenarios as highlight from different sources explaining the ADHD in various situations and ...

Also referred to as the maniac depressive illness, the bipolar disorder is arguably the most controversial diagnosis. Webb (2006) argues that the controversial nature of bipolar disorder is mostly experienced when the patient is a child aged below 10 years. This, according to Faedda and Austin (2006) is because the condition is associated with symptoms that are so much similar to such other conditions as the Attention Deficiency Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Due to the overlapping nature of the symptoms, there is likelihood that physicians will misdiagnose the condition. What makes the condition even more controversial, according to Faedda and Austin ( ...

For a society to be complete, it must be comprised of people of diverse ages. The importance of having a society comprised of people of diverse ages is that this ensures continuity of that particular society or community. Put differently, the members of the society are sure that their community will continue in existence as the young people in that society will come of age and the cycle continues. To that extent, children are a key component of society. They are important because they are the future of the society. Without children, such a society runs the risk of becoming extinct in a couple ...

Raising a child is definitely rewarding; however, it could be more challenging than one might have imagined, as there are a lot to think about, in order to raise a balanced and happy individual. Parenting literature suggests that children-and families alike- need to have established routines. That way, children can find it easier to cope with everyday transitions (Bell, 2001 p. 175). Established routines in the classroom are fundamental principles been taught to educators (Butterfield, 2002 p.29-32), who in turns counsel parents on the significance of having a schedule and established routines at home. In general, routine creates a sense of safety in a ...

Literature Critique

The association between viewing television shows at an early age and decline in quality of attention span among children has found formidable support from cross-sectional research design. The research under review, however, takes into consideration the importance of conducting a longitudinal study on the subject matter via use of data involving the age of children at the time of exposure to television watching and subsequent effects in later age. Data on children at the time when they were aged one and three (with separate sample sets per age) and detection of subsequent attention span problem signs at age seven has found gauging ...

Growth and development is a continuous process that proceeds in a systematic and sequential manner. This process takes place in stages where a child is supposed to overcome the challenges of a given stage before proceeding to the next level. Although most children grow and develop effectively, some are unable to proceed to the next stage as they develop different types of cognitive and childhood disorders, which affect their normal development. Attention-Deficient/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) remains one of the most prevalent and common psychiatric and psychopathological disorders affecting about five percent of school going children worldwide. Approximately 6-12 percent of school going children ...

Abstract

Most studies in existence focus on the causal relationship between Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder and Alcohol. Even though there some studies that have attempted to find out whether Alcoholism is most commonly as a result of ADHD, these studies have always yielded mixed findings hence the researchers have not yet been able to categorically state that ADHD is a significant causative agent in the occurrence of Alcoholism. With in mind that the exhibition of alcoholism is normally treated by therapist as one of the major symptoms of ADHD in adulthood, the topic of causal relationship between ADHD and Alcohol become of ...

Attention deficit disorder (ADD) is an attention disorder that affects most children. It usually comes with distinctive features and behavioral patterns that can be used in the diagnosis process. It is also referred to as attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Research attests this disorder to neurological malfunctions in young children, who are the main victims. It usually results in increased activity of the child, and little or no ability to pay attention for long periods of time. Initially, people believed that the condition was a psychological one that stemmed from indiscipline. The root cause of the problem is incomplete development ...

PSYCHOLOGY

- Attention deficit hyperactivity syndrome This is one of the chronic and psychiatric syndromes that have been found to affect many adolescents especially in the late twentieth and the current twenty first centuries. It is necessary to note that the syndrome has been noted to affect people below the adolescence age too, based on several factors, such as the victims’ association and exposure to drugs, alcohol and other chemicals’ abuse. The Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Syndrome (ADHS) has been found to be a syndrome that has resulted from both genetic, as well as induced sources. However, induced sources (which is ...

Psychology

Introduction Schizophrenia is a chronic progredient (malignant) mental illness with undefined etiology that leads to a change in the patient's personality. The word "schizophrenia" comes from the Greek words "schizo" – fission, split and "fran" - soul that indicates the splitting of mind, disharmony of thinking, emotions and will. The term was first introduced by Paul Eugen Bleuler, so the disease is sometimes called Bleuler’s disease. Schizophrenia is considered to be one of the most important public health problems in the world. According to modern surveys, from 0.5 to 1% of world’s population is affected by it. Moreover, ...

Fitness is a term with many definitions all of which are interrelating. One of the definitions I that it is the state of being well, with the ability to take part in physical exercises and have low risk of problems relating to health. Another definition is the characteristics people get or achieve and are in relation to taking part in physical activities. Fitness is important for human health as it increases body’s efficiency as well as effectiveness and it is through enough rest, good exercise and proper nutrition which result to quality life. Physical fitness through exercises improves ...

Attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), also called hyperkinetic disorder, is a neurobehavioral disorder or mental disorder that is typified either by significant inability to pay attention or control hyperactivity or impulsiveness, or a combination of those. Symptoms typically manifest before patients turn seven years old (Bray). There are three major types: ADHD-PI (predominantly inattentive), ADHD-HI (hyperactive-impulsive) or ADHD-C (a combination. Many people refer to ADHD-PI as ADD because hyperactivity is not typically a part of the diagnosis. ADHD significantly impacts children of school age and leads to impulsive behaviors, restlessness and a general lack of focus which keeps them from learning effectively. ADHD is ...

Memory is a complex sequence of mental processes that encode, store, and retrieve information. Several models were developed to explain how memory works, but research used to show a lot of contradiction. For example, flashbulb memory was considered a separate mechanism than long-term memory because the level of detail recalled was closer to sensory memory than long-term memory. However, because of advanced mapping technologies, researchers today are capable of providing better descriptions of the processes and regions involved in memory storage and retrieval. In the beginning of research, studies focused on creating general theories, which were studies by observing and measuring ...

Worldwide mental retardation (MR) is one of the most common conditions affecting 1 to 3% of the general population. Clinically the symptoms differ from one individual to the other as it depends on the severity of the condition (Mental Retardation, 2010; Intellectual Disability (Mental Retardation), 2011; Intellectual disability, 2013). However, few common symptoms associated with MR are as follows: - The intellectual developing milestones are not meet as expected. - Common features shown by the individuals with MR includes unable to do the routine activities independently, impetuous, passive, causing injury to self, inconvincible, rude behavior, frustrated and ...

Introduction

Attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder abbreviated as ADHD is a behavioral disorder that is very common among school going kids. ADHD affects approximately 10% of all school going children. ADHA is characterized by a series of behavioral traits or symptoms that include hyperactivity, impulsiveness and inattentiveness. The symptoms of ADHD normally start to exhibit themselves form an early age. They particularly become more noticeable when the circumstances of the child change, for example when they start school. In school, the children who have this disorder normally have great trouble in focusing. They act on impulse and without really thinking in some situations. ...

Attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a chronic disorder that affects the nervous system and inhibits the attention while promoting impulsive behavior. Some of the most common symptoms include restlessness, impulsiveness, short-term memory impairment, confusion, slow information processing, and difficulty in following a single assignment. In addition to ADHD, children usually develop several comorbid disorders, such as borderline personality disorder, mood disorders, substance abuse, or sleep disorders (Castel, Lee, Humphreys, & Moore, 2011). The outcomes of ADHD usually affect the socioeconomic future and academic achievements of children. Studies show that 30 percent of the children diagnosed with ADHD will fail a grade, and ...

Abstract

ADD is a neurobehavioral disorder that commonly affects children. The precise cause of the disorder is still yet to be known even though various empirical researcher findings point to heredity and several environmental factors such are diet to be the possible causes of the disorder. This disorder that is commonly exhibited in the form of heedlessness and hyperactivity is treatable even though not curable. Common treatment options of the disorder include psychotherapy and medication. KEY WORDS: Causes, Attention Deficit Disorder, Treatment, Symptoms

Background

ADD is a neurobehavioral disorder that commonly affects children; children with ADD experience difficulty paying attention, hence the ...

Introduction

Children require a lot of attention from their caregivers during their early stages of development. The lack of suck attention leads to certain detrimental effects on the development of the child. Attachment disorder is among the disorders that children develop when they are brought up by individuals who do not care about them. According to Pearce, the formal diagnostic terms for attachment disorder as “Reactive Attachment Disorder of Infancy or Childhood (RAD)’ (31). However, this depends upon the diagnostic conventions in the child’s country of origin i.e. the country of the child’s birth. This paper explores different aspects ...

Counseling is a tool for development and enhancement of life. In a counseling process, a skillful counselor is able to help patients who want to develop themselves and make changes in their lives. Counseling with children is a beneficial concept in the field of counseling as it helps in the development process of a child becoming an adult. This ranges from a young kid, through adolescence, youth, and finally becoming an adult. It is necessary to apply exceptional care in child counseling as the patient may seem undemanding, but have complex issues. The nature of handling and acquiring information on the problem from the client ...

Perhaps smoking is one of the most well-known types of using drugs. Since it is legal in most countries, it is very much patronized by people of all ages, shapes, sizes and gender. Young and old alike just love the sensation of having a smoke. According to Health Literacy World, there are various reasons why people smoke. For teens, they love smoking because of the pressure from other friends who smoke, they want to be accepted, or they want to look mature. Adults have different reasons. One of the most common reasons is that they want to get over the ...

Chapter 7

The chapter is on Learning Disabilities and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). It begins by identifying the four reasons why definition of learning disabilities have varied, and concur that, such, is as a result of the fact that: learning disabilities is a broad term that encompasses many specific problems, the study of these disabilities has been undertaken in many disciplines and the field of learning disabilities has grown over a short period of time, as well as quite rapidly. Current estimates for the range of prevalence for learning disabilities are placed from 2.7%- 30% of the school going population. The ...

Over the last ten to fifteen years, diagnosis rates for disorders such as Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) have been skyrocketing. Diagnosis of ADHD has increased by twenty two percent in the last seven years. Since 2000, the occurrence of autism has increased from one in one hundred and fifty children to one in eighty-eight children (). Whatever the reason for this substantial increase in the rate of diagnosis, this result has been that more children than ever before are being given prescription medication. Regarding ADHD, preschool children as young as two to four years ...

Introduction

This paper provides an overview of descriptive theories that have advanced in over the last decade concerning the working of the human memory and how it affects the adult behavior and experiences. The purpose of this literature review is anchoring an understanding of different attempts to come up with one comprehensive understanding of psychology and the developing of the human brain. While exploring the different facets of the concept of human behavior, the paper embarks on different scholastic analysis using divergent resources. Contemporary literature on this subject assesses the role of diversity and its impact on human competency and ...

ADHD is a neurobehavioral or mental disorder which is characterized by difficulties in paying attention, hyperactivity (over activity) and difficulty controlling behavior. It is a common childhood disorder usually diagnosed before the age of seven. However, some children do not show the main symptoms of ADHD until they become adolescents.

Types of ADHD

Based on its symptoms, ADHD can be classified into three types as follows:

Predominantly Hyperactive-impulsive ADHD: A person suffering from this type of ADHD will exhibit six or more symptoms of hyperactivity. The symptoms of inattention are usually fewer than six. Inattention may be present but only to a small extent.

Predominantly ...