Essays on Advocacy

The company considered for the financial analysis for the last three years is Tesla Motors Inc. the United States of America automaker that produces 100% electric cars. The headquarters of Tesla are located in Palo Alto, California between the most important companies of high technology in the world and with a new warehouse facility in New Mexico, United States of America. The company had a constant growth since its foundation in July 2003, but with a high proportion of liabilities in its assets, giving the company a caution condition between the investors. The following are the most important financial ...

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Pain is an unpleasant sensory and an emotional experience which is associated with the potential damage of tissues (Gregory & Haigh, 2008). There are various factors that contribute to the pain psychology such as psychological and environmental. Acute pain is associated with the actual tissue damage which is associated with the surgical incidence and tissue damage. When the pain is experienced for a longer period due to unknown reasons or any underlying problem, it’s called chronic pain which illustrates the pain of Mr. John Smith due to ...

Introduction There are many ways on how to analyze an action, including languages or speeches; and one of which is through the dramatic pentad. The Dramatic Pentad refers to the five methods developed by Kenneth Burke in analyzing human actions. According to scholars, the Burke’s Pentad to analyze questions such as “how persons explain their actions to themselves and others, what the cultural and social structural influences on these explanations might be, and what effect connotational links among the explanatory (motivational) terms might have on these explanations, and hence, on action itself” (Overington, 1977, p.133). In his work ‘ ...

Nurse home visiting programs are used by public health nurses who work with families in communities. The nurses make visits to assess the needs, health status, and the environments in which the families are living in order to make the appropriate interventions and provide the available resources (Kaakinen, Coehlo, Steele, Tabacco, & Hanson, 2015). The nurses assess the environmental status, such as paint conditions, aged houses, and dangerous equipment in playgrounds that pose safety hazards. The families benefit from the visits by getting recommendations such as the installation of fire extinguishers and smoke detectors in the houses. The nurses also ...

in a 5-4 decision in favor of Citizens United. The decision effectively eliminated the ban on corporate spending in elections. It ruled that campaign donations and campaign spending constitute free speech and that corporations are people (Barnes). The Citizens

election cycle ($2,600 each for both the primary and the general election) and make unlimited contributions to single-candidate super PACs on top of that.(Levy 1).

Two months after the Citiznes United vs FEC 5-4 SCOTUS decision, a unanimous nine- judge panel of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the D.C. Circuit decided in Speech Now vs

expenditures independent ...

The healthcare system has never been under immense pressure to perform than it currently experiences. This is based on the increased population and demographic figures which have in effect signaled a significant increase in the cases presented at the healthcare facilities. Further, the increased prevalence of chronic and acute illness within these populations has forced the healthcare system to work to the expectations of the society to help met their health needs (Puetz, 2013). In order to manage these expectations on of the major revolutions that have occurred in the healthcare sector has been the expansion of the role ...

Improving Female Preventive Health Care Delivery Screening programs for women aim to prevent disease such as cervical and breast cancer. However, such programs are only effective in bringing down the incidence of disease when utilized by the majority of women, most especially those from vulnerable subgroups. Program implementation must therefore consider effective strategies to promote utilization. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the factors that led to the failure of the Every Woman Matters program and compare with the factors that made two other prevention programs for women successful.

The Every Woman Matters (EWM) program is a ...

Human rights occur as one of the highly coveted topics across various contexts all around the world. A reflection on the contemporary world depicts the deliberate violation of human rights by anarchist and dictatorial governments. In fact, the whole world is yet to establish a long lasting solution that would prevent the occurrence of war and conflicts, which offer a viable platform for the violation of human rights. Nonetheless, the Universal Declaration of Human Rights occur as one of the various documents established with the sole intent of curbing massive violation of human rights, which mainly occurs as a ...

Torture today is subject to diverse universal moral legal condemnation. Along with other vices like genocide and slavery, torture has been established to violate the primary customs of human rights. In both war and peace, most states have affirmed that torture is fundamentally illegal and wrong as it violates general principles of human dignity. However, this has not been the scenario in different countries based on security measures put in place. The story surrounding torture is one that involves the change of norms, practices and law of different countries and in this case the United States of America (Ackerman, ...

A reflection of the United States in the yester-years shows that homelessness was not as widespread as it is at the moment. Currently, close to 800,000 people are homeless and lack adequate access to sustainable livelihoods. Programs and organizations seeking to address the social concern of homelessness have attained little as evident by the fact that close to 2.3 million to 3.5 million people experience homelessness every year (Burt et al., 2007). In addition, federal investment of close to 2 billion dollars each year on the homelessness concerns has not made any significant difference. The homeless people continue ...

Introduction Public health services delivery in United States is supported by a complex array of institutions. Both private and governmental organizations feature prominently in the country’s public health system. The chapter explains organizational as well as structural characteristics of public health delivery in the US, emphasizing on intergovernmental as well as inter-organizational arrangements supporting the system. In that view, the following is an overview of governmental and nongovernmental agencies and roles in enhancing public health practices.

Government responsibilities evolve as a response to public demands, needs and political will. The governmental participation in the provision of the services is ...

Nursing profession has become an essential part in the society primarily in terms of its health care contributions. Throughout the years, it has continued to actively take part its leadership role in health care services towards the society and various public needs. The emerging complexity of health care systems offers challenges for advance practice nurses in their influence with the political aspects in terms of policy making and implementation of health care laws. The term “advanced practice nurse”, also called “advanced practiced registered nurse” (APRN) refers to nurses with formal post baccalaureate preparation in one of the four ...

Intimate partner violence in same sex relationships is the same as in heterosexual relationship, in which one partner abuses the other either sexually, physically or mentally. However, the issue gets more complicated in same-sex relationships as there are some partners that have “come out” and others are “outed” by their partners. (Duke & Davidson, 2009)

One of the implications of not acknowledging same-sex intimate partner violence is that lesbian victims find it hard to find support. As most of the domestic violence campaigns show the straight woman as the victim, it is very difficult for some people to accept that a ...

This presentation focus of this presentation is to learn how Jesse and Villa worked together in their quest to achieve their common goals. Although, this is so, they seem to commit crimes to benefit others, and not only themselves. James Jesse and Pancho Villa came from different historical backgrounds; however, they shared common values, which dictated their lifestyle in their respective regions.

Note that, Pancho Villa was a revolutionary leader in the military force but advocated for the rights of the proletariat. He was against the capitalist idea of accumulating wealth and oppressing the poor. Can this be his ...

Improving Geriatric Nursing Care The U.S. population is aging with the proportion of adults aged 65 or older steadily increasing. Older adults have unique health care needs relating to the treatment and prevention of comorbid illnesses, disability, and cognitive decline. The health care system must be ready to meet these needs in order to provide the best care and increase the quality of life of seniors. Innovations are therefore much needed and nurses are in the position to lead efforts by obtaining further training and education, engaging in research, and advocating.

Accountable care. There must be accountable care ...

It was anthropologist Mary Douglas who observed that Human is at heart, creatures of denial, they crave for stability especially when their notions are threatened, rearrange the way they conceive issues and deny the challenges. In her book, JFK and the unspeakable: Why He Died and Why It Matter, Douglas offers an incisive and searing diagnosis of the various ills that marked the death of once an American icon and human activist John F. Kennedy. In an articulate voice, the well known anthologist, advocate and writer in different universities offers a compressive scanning on the episodes that marked the termination ...

Numerous theoretical perspectives try to explain the state of Iraqi before and after the United States invasion in 2003. Most importantly, the western assumptions are biased towards the leadership and governance of Iraqi. As a result, the theories have created mixed symptoms and the causes of ethnic conflicts and sectarianism does not have evidence to approve the underlying assumptions. In my opinion, I argue that, the assumptions and biases of the western have played a large role to convince the society that Iraqi government is responsible for the suffering of its citizens. The United States of America have itself failed to ...

The Klu Klux Klan was founded in by the close of the year 1866. After its inception, this the Klu Klux Klan extended to various parts of the southern state. This was evident by the fact that four years after its inception, the Klu Klux Klan had become a well-known means through which the south could use in resisting reconstruction era policies devised by the Republican Party (McVeigh, 2009). Arguably, the Klu Klux Klan was formed in order to fight policies that advocated for equality between blacks and whites. In fighting for equality for such policies, the Klu Klux Klan ...

In Ontario Canada, the use of technology in nursing has advanced with developments in ICTs where nurses are continuously taking advantage of the opportunities that ICTs present in improving the quality of service delivery in the nursing profession. According to the Registered Nurses of Ontario e-health refers to the leveraging of information and communication technology to enhance professional practice in the promotion and the facilitation of the health and wellbeing of individual and families or patients (Registered Nrseses' Association of Ontario, 2009). The importance of ICT knowhow development in the nursing profession in Ontario is in the development of ...

When walking into toy departments, it is easy to notice several distinct isles. In most cases, the most distinct feature is the color of the toys and the general make of the toys. In one isle, one can find toys that are packaged in shades of grey, blue, brown and black. In another isle, the toys will be in pink, white and even red. These toys will have been marketed differently from the color to their designs, and this is what draws many people to them. This general presentation will determine which isle a person will visit to buy which ...

Both the Virginia and New Jersey Plans are similar in terms of proposing a federal government for the United States (US) divided into the executive, legislative and judicial branches. However, both the Virginia and New Jersey Plans differ from one another in terms of power distribution. Greater legislative power is promoted by the Virginia Plan, which plans to delegate executive and judicial appointments to the legislature. Proponents of the New Jersey Plan, however, recommended a more balanced power distribution by enabling the legislature to appoint officials to the executive branch, which in turn would appoint officials to the judiciary. Moreover, both ...

Guardian ad litem is appointed by the court in cases where inn the process of dissolution of marriage there is a question as to who, between the two parents, is entitled to the custody of the child. In my role as a guardian ad litem in the case of Cathy, a 12 year old girl whose parents are terminating their marriage, there are several issues that I need to put into consideration. The information I have so far is that her mother, though a chain drunkard loves her a lot and is always ready for her assistance whenever she needs it. Her father, on ...

Lobbying is a political process in any government. In the United States; it is when the government hires a person to speak on behalf of their views. In most instances, lobbying happens between a politician and an advocate. The advocate is used to bring out, the views of the politicians and the matter in question at the time. For a person to be pinned with the name lobbyist, they must have acquired money in the process of making a conversation and helping the politician. There are two types of lobbying there is the direct and the indirect lobbying (Nownes 67). Direct lobbying is used ...

Arthritis, osteoporosis, and chronic back conditions have conjoint effects to the life quality of the patient, the daily activities, and the ability to work. As a way of preserving the life quality of those with these conditions, it is necessary to develop ways in which we will be able to evade the adverse effects acquired upon procuring such conditions. By employing the use of advocacy campaigns strategies that include media advocacy, social marketing, and community organization, it ostensible that we will outdo the adverse effects resultant from the above mentioned conditions. In relation to this, this paper will essentially focus ...

The following paper is dedicated to the analysis of court martial proceedings in the United States of America. The paper is aimed not only at discussing the proceedings themselves in the light of constitutional rights of the accused, but comparing court-martial process with the one, existing in civilian courts. Starting point of the work deals with discussing types and competences of courts-martial, as well as highlighting general issues related to their functioning. Thereafter different stages of the process are described with an emphasis on their differences from the ones of the civilian courts’ process. Selected procedural safeguards (e.g., presumption ...

Job analysis is an important feature of strategic human resource management. Job analysis can be understood as the process of analyzing used in the work place to classify and describe jobs (Brannick, 2007). Job analysis is used to collect information about the responsibilities, duties, necessary skills, work environment and outcomes of a specific job. Job analysis is also the thorough examination of tasks that make up a job. Job analysis seeks to find: - What a worker does (duties and tasks) - How the worker does it ( methods, tools and techniques) - Why the worker does it ( products and ...

15th of December Beautiful Minds Literal analysis is crucial elements that help in critical analysis of the works of literature. In the context of the play ‘Goodnight Desdemona, good morning Juliet' is an indication of a play that can be applied with the help of the theories. A vindication of the right of women according to Mary is evident in the play. Critically, we seek to understand the cries of women in the play and their seeking to find out the root causes of their problems and the best way to curb them. Her thought indicates that women ...

The media plays a vital role in the dissemination of information within the society. The relaying of information plays a critical role for social movements that are keen on spreading their ideologies and objectives. This illustrates why the activists within the US National labor union adopted mass protests as a core way of attracting the media’s attention. Since time immemorial protests have been the most effective kind of ways of attaining both social and media attention. Through protests televised or reported on the media, the US National Labor activities managed to be highlight their issues to a greater audience that often than ...

Transnational Social Movement Organizations (TSMO) is a generic, umbrella term referring to civil society entities and networks espousing socioeconomic, cultural or political issues with a global viewpoint and with a strong equity imperative. The TSMOs typically work in consort with like-minded organizations, leverage support from multiple constituencies, address complex issues, and their support base usually transcends national boundaries. Operating at multiple levels, their targets typically include national governments, multinational corporations, international agencies and regulatory forums. (Pellow 92) The birth of transnational social movements has its theoretical underpinnings in the sociological ‘conflict perspective’ that causally links the development disparities (the so-called North-South divide) within ...

The Dalai Lama is both a spiritual leader is both and temporal leader of Tibet. He was exiled by the Chinese who invaded his Takster homeland, northeast of Tibet in 1959. In the heels of violence that broke, he fled to India after he could not prevent the violence. It is from Dharansala city that he has been leading the people of Tibet for more than forty-two years where he has formed an alternative government. In an effort to claim liberty for his people from the Chinese government, he crafted a constitution whose principals were based on Buddhism and the ...

Following the increase in the destructive potential of conflicts in organizations in the world today, I would use the stages of conflict variously to detect and address issues in my organization. I would employ the five stages of conflict to handle the problems in my organization. First, I would be keen on the detection of conflicts during the latent stage where individuals in conflict are not yet aware of the existence of the conflict. In order to ensure the conflict does not exist during this stage, I would analyze the probability of the conflict developing. Second, I would ...

In health care, the success a baccalaureate prepared professional nurse is not only dependent on the care given to the patient, but also the recovery time taken by the patient (Mailloux, 2011). It is worth mentioning that BSN nurses predominantly have an impact on the patient’s outcome. Because they have a well-established educational background and knowledge regarding patient care that in essence impacts the patient outcome positively, BSN nurses are of utmost significance when it comes to patient recovery (DeBrew, 2010). With the above said, this paper will essentially focus in BSN nurses and present how their skills and techniques ...

Childhood obesity is a serious public health concern both worldwide and nationally. This condition stems from an imbalance between calories consumed and those that are burnt or utilized (Karnik & Karenekar, 2012). In addition, genetic, environmental, and behavioral factors contribute to the overall energy imbalance, and consequently the development of obesity among young children. Besides, childhood obesity causes social, physiological and physical health problems (Karnik & Karenekar, 2012). It is paramount to stress on the preventative strategies if a considerable reduction in the morbidity of childhood obesity in the US has to be realized. This paper outlines an intervention plan that must be ...

As one of the seven founders of La Leche League International, Marian Tompson is an inspiration to women around the globe, especially those involved in early childcare and infant feeding. Born in 1929, she was given no support when attempting to breastfeed her children, and in fact found more opposition than encouragement in choosing breastfeeding over artificial baby milk, or formula. She, together with six other women founded the premier breastfeeding support society in the world. She is an inspiring figure because she found ways to advocate for women, create a global community, and unite women together for a common goal ...

There are several similarities between the assertions that professors Kuhlman and Woodworth-Ney makes about women suffrage. The two of them contend that different regions achieved suffrage at different times in history. However, Kuhlman has a global focus while Woodworth-Ney focuses on the USA for their discussions on women suffrage. Nations acquired woman suffrage in different times in history. There is also evidence to absence of patterns because when women were granted suffrage in different nations whether east or west. Kuhlman notes that there are female second-class citizens in different parts of the world. African countries mostly granted woman suffrage in ...

The article ‘Administrators of Special and Gifted Education: Preparing them for the Challenge’ by Mulligan, Neal and Singleton can be considered as a timely and relevant piece that has long been ignored. The enactment of the Public Law 94-142 - Education of All Handicapped Children Act also known as the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) in 1975 is a major milestone in the United States’ education system. However, the act that aims to rehabilitate and educate children with special needs and disabilities through government funding and resources has its gaps and inadequacies. One particular gap that was identified is ...

The principle of democracy and promoting the rule of law are two aspects modern constitutions seek to achieve, whether at state or federal level. Democracy connotes majority consensus on the part of the citizens in defining and shaping key issues. It would be inaccurate to assume that the American constitution is inherently democratic (pure democracy for that matter). Essentially, elections are carried out by the majority of the citizenry who choose officials (Chiappinelli, 2007). These officials are given the responsibility of determining the country’s direction. This way, democracy is transformed from the determination of many to where few ...

Reading Lily Xiao-hong Lee’s commentary on Ban Zhao’s life and text was interesting. The point brought up in her paper on Nancy Lee Swann’s studies on Ban Zhao states how Ban Zhao advocated that “man is superior to woman and obedience should be the guiding principle of a woman's behaviour throughout her life (Lee, 11)” would be seen as something negative in today’s society. Women are fighting to be given equality in every aspect of their lives, from equality at work to equality on being able to make decisions in regard to their ...

Health professionals make decisions with legal and ethical consequences each day (Furlong, n. d.; Reamer, 2005). This paper will analyse the actions of health professionals in two case scenarios for their ethics and legality. The first case scenario involves a 12-year old boy who has terminal cancer and has accepted he is going to die. His parents have; however, having talked with the physician consented to a trial therapy which the nurse consequently administers. The second scenario involves a physician who admits to a nurse that he routinely prescribes antidepressant medication to new residents of a nursing home. He further instructs the nurse to ...

The screening levels relating to breast and also cervical cancer in Nebraska’s primary care is still suboptimal even though there is awareness of their benefits besides the implementation of a programme dubbed every woman matters that is federally funded with the aim of assisting women of low income. The programme is modeled towards reducing barriers of cervical together with breast cancer screening through raising awareness relating to the risks as well as ensuring that screening is affordable to low income earning women. Over several decades, it is evident that there has been no significant progress towards the improvement of ...

NGO or non-governmental organizations are legally formed organizations managed independently by legal people without any interference of government. Any NGO funded partially or fully by government in order to maintain its non-governmental status prevents government representatives from taking membership in the organization (NGO 2010). NGOs generally serve the social purpose that might or might not have political aspects. NGOs are task oriented and managed by people sharing the same interest and goals. NGOs serve wide-ranging purposes attracting the attention of both citizens and governments to issues involving health care, human rights, environment and so on. The World Bank has ...

Typically policies are subject to change over time. Policies, however, good or bad are not permanent and there is always an option of changing or altering them in the event that one does not like them. It is at this instance where the option of social change comes in. due to different circumstances and changing environments, there is always the possibility that the applicability of certain public policies become invalid. This therefore necessitates change in the social policies so as to be relevant and applicable in the prevailing situations. Thus nature of policy to keep changing demands that ...

Introduction

Nurses are facing various challenges in the delivery of health care services such as an aging generation and the rise of chronic diseases. One way of improving the quality of care offered by nurse is by leveraging on technology and research. Technology gives nurses new tools to use in diagnosis, treatment, patient monitoring and patient education. Research is the basis of evidence-based care in nursing and improves quality by enhancing the use of safe and effective nursing practices. This essay analyses research and technology in nursing with an emphasis on how nurses should advocate for research, maintain competency ...

The American economy has been facing serious challenges most notably the recession and the property crash witnessed in 2008. As Salaam (2012) asserts, the American economy was already on the decline way before the 2008 crash. He suggests that the recession began way back in 2000 and most notably in 2007, but the country was spared the pains by the unsustainable boom in property sector. When the slump hit in 2008, the country was least prepared for it. This slump has persisted to this day. VCU (2014) concedes to this fact saying that the recession has resulted to a ...

Ronald Reagan, the 40th United States President, between 1981 to1989, was born in February 6, 1911Tampico, Illinois and died in June 5, 2004. He was born to Nelle Wilson Reagan and Jack Reagan. His father was a storyteller and a salesman, who was an Irish Catholic immigrant grandson, from Tipperary County. His mother was of English and Scots ancestors. Ronald Reagan had one older brother, known as Neil of 1908 to 1996, who was an advertising executive. When Reagan was a boy, his father nicknamed him "Dutch", owing to his appearance similar to "fat little Dutchman" and his "Dutch boy" haircut; this ...

‘Instructors’ Name’ Many social and political scientists have used scientific tools for understanding public behavior. Garry .R. Orren in his article ‘Beyond Self Interest’ delineates how most of these theories propose that social patterns are mostly formed based on an individual’s self interest. In other words they say an individual support or oppose a public policy, based on the implications it will have on his personal need. Orren disagrees with these theories and takes the opposite view by stating it is the group/shared values that affect an individual’s public behavior. For that he takes three theories, neoclassical ...

- National Association of the Deaf It is an American-based organization that deals with only deaf people. Essentially, it works on the principle of the deaf for the deaf, and helps those with hearing difficulties in the United States. The website has a high rating in Search engine optimization; thus, making it easy to find it on the Internet. It serves as an umbrella organization for the deaf association in the country. The website communicates and presents all information regarding this association, which was established in 1880 to communicate important issues about the deaf community and use of the ...

Confucianism is the way of life taught by Confucius. It is a traditional Chinese culture and a complete ideological system created on the 6th and 5th century based on the culture of the Shang, Zhou and Xia dynasties. Confucianism is at times viewed as a religion or a philosophy. Confucianism has been followed by Chinese for over 2000 years and therefore it has great influence on their political and spiritual life. The core of Confucianism is humanism or what is termed as the secular as sacred. It focuses on the practical and therefore does not belief in god or life after death. It ...

Human Engineering is an applied science that coordinates the design of systems, devices and the working conditions with the requirements and capacities of workers. It can also mean the alteration of human body cells in order to fight genetic and chronic diseases or to improve human intelligence, appearance, memory or some other desirable traits (Baylis & Jason, 24). In this context, human engineering is viewed from the context of genetic modifications of human cells. Genetists who conduct scientific research into human engineering and sports owners advocate for it while purists who advocate for the maintenance of the human species from ...

The idea of developing an electrically powered car has been around for more than a century now. This was mainly as a result of the increasing need to reduce the number of oil powered automobiles currently in use because they greatly contribute to environmental pollution and the ever fluctuating oil prices and unpredictable supplies as was observed in the oil crisis of 1970s. A significant breakthrough for this idea was in 1888 when the first electric car was made. It became popular in the 19th and early 20th century majorly because it was less noisy and produced low emissions. However, its ...

In response to the Jim Crow laws, the local laws that were enacted to be applicable in the Southern states between 1876 and 1965 supported de jure racial segregation. At this historical moment, every public facility in the South adopted the policy of separate but equal in a practice that deemed inferiority for the African Americans to the white Americans. The inferiors were thus disadvantaged on social, educational and economic grounds. Some of these laws are segregation of public transportation, restaurants, and public schools amongst others. However, these concepts started changing in the early 20th century when the segregation started ...

Rawls notion of civil disobedience tends to define civil disobedience as going against law or set down norms in the society. There are however situations in which civil disobedience may be morally justified. Rawls advances a philosophy about civil disobedience that has widely been accepted by most scholars of recent times. Rawls defends scholarly works defends civil disobedience as a non-violent attempt by the public to defy the law with the aim of bringing a change to the government or to a structure of the set down laws. According to this philosophy, the people who decide to engage in breaching the law are ...

The main subject of this book is the current luxury spending trend and how it can be regulated to allow the achievement of happier lives for everyone. The book portrays the inequalities in the society. It delves into the factors that shape such inequalities and offers strategies on how to solve them. One key piece of evidence that the author uses to support his case include the large scientific literature that show that material wealth does not produce measurable gains in a person’s psychological and physical well being. He quotes papers that have shown previous excessive spending that ...

I would like to define first what (active) euthanasia is. The term euthanasia is derived from the Greek words eu, which means good, and thanatos, which means death. In short, euthanasia is a “euphemism” for death (Johnston). Many people consider active euthanasia or “good” death as a deliberate mercy killing of patients who are terminally ill, comatose, in vegetative states, or similar situation. Active euthanasia is done by either laypersons or professionals “out of concern” for such patients (Franko 2). Whether it is the ill persons’ will or with the consent of family members, they who request for direct mercy killing ...

There are various issues that affect the world; these issues are so pressing that they threaten humanity in itself; Mother Teresa, Simon Weil and Martin Luther King, devoted their lives to addressing these issues that threaten to consume society, most notably, poverty, terrorism, ecological crisis and human rights. These figures devoted their lives to serving others and advocating for globalization; they changed the course of history and made the world a better place to live in. This paper seeks to identify how these figures and their philosophical ideas relate to the issues of globalization, terrorism and ecological crisis. The paper ...

Introduction Networks proved to be a growing power in the year 1996 where they enjoyed success human rights, transnational crime, insurgency and terror. Networks may be for licit or illicit intentions such as terrorist groups such as the Al-Qaeda or drug networks Zapatistas in Mexico. Currently, or networks rely on the internet to maintain cohesion and for expansion. Networks are often in conflictive relationship with nation states be they civil or uncivil. In the past nation faced challenges from empires, classical liberalism and Marxism. The networks aims were to push, pod and confront by use of swords. Though loyalty ...

Feminism involves various movements and philosophies whose main objective is to define, institute, and defend equal social, economic, and political rights of women. Following the outbreak of various feminist movements, a number of scholars developed various models to explain the same. The theory of feminism was developed in the attempt to cognize the kind of inequalities faced by women (Hewitt, 34). Feminism ideologies emerged in reaction to the nature of lifestyles that women were facing, and it occurred in three major waves. With time, various women, starting with Christine de Pisan, started for advocating for fair treatment of women ...

The element of philosophy of education that reflects my identity as an early childhood educator aligns with Bruner’s (1966) concept of Constructivism theory. In this concept, the learner transforms, selects information, and make decisions by focusing on constructing the knowledge itself. These knowledge are constructed through beliefs, personal experiences and previous knowledge (Bruner, 1966). As an educator, I encourage the student to present any form of information that they have previously learned and create an opportunity for them to develop prior knowledge into new discoveries.

The central values and issues involve in my philosophy is for me as ...

Educated and moral Christians can have disagreements based on morality an indeed have had disagreements based on morality right from the inception of the church. The main driving force behind these disagreements is the attitude of each Christian. Even though they share the same faith and the same idealism with regard to spiritualism, each Christian has their own unique and individual attitude about certain issues and chiefly morality. This may lead to disagreements in the instance where some Christians are of the opinion that their attitudes represent absolute truth with regard to the doctrines of their religion and the ...

The Nullification Crisis is one of major controversies which faced the United States in America (USA) in the 1830s after the enforcement of the controversial 1828 and 1832 tariffs. Although supported by the northern states which had perceived it as constitutional moves aimed at salvaging the crumbling Carolina, it was vehemently opposed by the southerners in equal measure. Even if they were initially sharing political ideologies, ‘Andrew Jackson and John Calhoun split to get an opportunity to fight for the enforcement or nullification of this legislation’ (Buel, 2005). In deed, this was another trying moment in the country which ...

Women suffrage is defined as the right of women to vote or stand for elective offices. Women in the United States were generally not allowed to vote before 1920. It was only after the congress amended the constitution in 1919 that women acquired the rights to vote. The achievement of this milestone required a difficult and lengthy struggle that took decades of protest and agitation. This paper compares and contrasts the opinion of two professors, Professor Kuhlman and Professor Woodworth-Ney who have commented about this issue and will also look at the patterns and trends in the suffrage movements ...

Christine Haas and Linda Flower set to do a study to evaluate the reading strategies used by students. The researchers were particularly interested in determining whether students use different reading strategies for content retention and for critical thinking. Something interesting from the study is the way the researchers advocate for the use of reading strategies that make students to think deeper about the content presented instead of glossing over the content and paraphrasing it. For this reason, the researchers advocate for rhetorical reading strategies. Simply put, rhetorical reading strategies go beyond paraphrasing the content to include accounting for the author’ ...

This is an article about the British psychology and standard of professionalism and how to promote ethical behavior, attitudes and judgment .That is concerns about being mindful of the need for protection of the public. It also takes into consideration of clear ethical standards, principals and values and promoting such standards through education and consultation. This article is an analysis article about professionalism as it takes into consideration the ethics of professors of psychology and how they conduct themselves as expected by the professional codes of conduct. The society has been having concern about the codes of conducts of ...

In drafting the constitution various powerful negations took place to help the prosperous government in making a decision. It was difficult to ascertain whether the government was going to gave legislature that depended on population or each state should be given equal representation. Similarly, it was hard to decide whether the legislature should have two houses or one. This brought about several options and decision, which was hard for the body. The convention evaluated the New Jersey plan and the Virginia plan, and ended up with the Great compromise. Therefore, the paper will compare and contrast the Virginia plan and ...

I would like to begin by agreeing with Ronald for reporting that women have not been given an equal recognition in the church. Unlike their male counterparts, the womenfolk ‘have had to struggle to liberate themselves from religious oppression’ Reddie, 2001). Although they have now attained religious progress, they have been discriminated in these male-dominated Christian churches for a very long time. As the author acclaims, no woman could initially be given a leadership position especially in the mainline churches. However, I would like to point out that they are now liberated. Today, many of them have been ordained as church ...

China’s first functional connection to the internet was in 1994. This was done using a 64K international dedicated circuit provided by Sprint Corp (Taneja and Wu, 2011). However, the country did not enjoy the fruits of the internet since its government started regulating internet services and contents in 2000 (Taneja and Wu, 2011). At this time, access to the internet was still considered a luxury since only top elite mostly found within research institutes, foreign companies, and state organs owned it. China was not only trying to strengthen its ideological control over the new technology, but also trying to take ...

The debates on civil unions and same sex marriages have generated controversy among various groups in the United States of America. The lobbyists for same sex marriages argue that these marriages support individuality; according to them, individuals express themselves through same sex marriages. The opponents of the same cite social problems such moral decay. Several sociological forces such as morality, family laws, and traditional beliefs have generated these controversies. Same- sex marriages and civil unions also have several ramifications on the society. A ramification refers to an effect caused by a given occurrence. These ramifications include the disregard of family ...

According to Wilson, the administrative bureaucracy was separate from politics. The dichotomy ought to have been laid in the fact that while political parties and officers were allowed to be partisan, the administrative bureaucracy was supposed to be non-partisan and independent of politics. In addition, the administration was supposed to be considered not only in terms of personal problems officers experienced, but from the organizational approach with keen analysis of the organizational structure. Some of the rationales given by Wilson included the fact that it was essential to study government. Incidentally, Wilson observed that the administrative authority had the ...

The communication plan will first and foremost encompass the development of a class website. A website will make it easy for the instructor to effortlessly and in a very timely manner communicate with students. It will also be useful in disseminating useful information to students as well as getting to hear their concerns. In addition, external persons who may wish to get information about the class can simply do so by accessing the class website. The plan will also advocate for the use student websites which will be particularly important in facilitating the exchange of ideas between students as well as ...

Barbara Mikulski was born in Highlandtown, East Baltimore, in 1936. She is now 77 years old. Her parents are William Mikulski, a grocer, and Christine Eleanor. She has two sisters. She went to high school at the Institute of Notre Dame and college at Mount Saint Agnes, where she graduated with a Bachelor of Arts degree in Sociology. She also has a social work master’s degree. After finishing her studies, she ventured into social activism. She became the face of social activism in her neighborhood in Baltimore. As a community organizer, one of her successful stories was lobbying against the construction ...

Eugene Victor Debs made a statement to the court on his judgment day advocating the social regime as the solution to American woes. In his speech, he emphasized to the people of America that the social regime provided the social order for the poor and the rich alike. He started by criticizing the espionage law under which he was charged as a despotic enactment that conflicts the principles and statement of free institutions. His first imprisonment followed accusations that he failed to obey the United States government to stop a strike when he was the leader of the American Railway Union. The ...

Current reforms are calling for the greater participation of nurses in redesigning health care. At the policy level, boardroom and frontlines of care, much is expected of nurses whose clinical input and leadership are needed to promote the quality and safety of patient care. However, nurses cannot effectively assume their role without the necessary knowledge and skills. Achieving competence necessitates a cycle of learning and practice which builds on what is already known (Jackson & Thurgate, 2011). Using a leadership assessment tool, such as the Nurse Manager Skills Inventory facilitates the process of self-reflection and the setting of professional goals for personal ...

The anti-miscegenation statutes of USA refer to the laws which were part the American laws before the establishment of the United States. The term miscegenation refer to marriages between people of different races. Therefore, the anti-miscegenation laws refer to laws that were passed by individual states to prohibit marriages between people of different races. Individuals who involved in miscegenation were charged of adultery rather than for miscegenation. Anti-miscegenation laws criminalized sexual relations and cohabitation between whites and non-whites. For instance, in 1908 Oklahoma state banned marriages between people of African origin with people of non-African origin. The USA Congress ...

In the United States, the president is elected through a secret ballot by the citizens, and then finally decided by the Electoral College. After voting has been done, the candidates have to win by a popular vote in every state, and then the Electoral College votes determine who wins the presidency. The Electoral College is a body that verifies and determines the winner of the US presidency. It was established in March 1794 by the founding fathers and has been included in Article II section I of the U.S. constitution which states that, a president has to be chosen by a group of electors ...

The Brothers Grimm are responsible for some of the most famous fairy tales that are still read to children to this day. Although many of the fairy tales have been sanitized and changed for today’s children, the original stories are still masterworks of literature, often referenced and alluded to in other pieces of fiction and nonfiction. In “Rapunzel,” “Hans and Gretel,” and “The Little Peasant,” the Brothers Grimm utilize different types of symbolism, but regardless of the type and purpose of the symbolism, they use symbols that are easily grasped by the reader and serve to further the ...

The states that have adopted the no child left behind program have implemented other standards to evaluate their systems such as how many students enrolled to college etc. The waiver removes the term failed from low performing schools and names them, and also focuses on improving the bottom 5 performing schools. The standards of the policy have been so stiff that there has been extremely low performance in various states, e.g. Massachusetts had 80% of schools did not meet the standards of improvement even after improved test performance rendering it senseless to term all of them failures. The wavering ...

Historically, women have usually been considered intellectually inferior to their male counterparts. They have been viewed as major sources of evil and temptation. In addition, women have generally been considered to be weaker than men naturally. These perceptions have therefore led to women being granted inferior gender roles in the society. As a result, women have in recent times, particularly the last two centuries risen up to demand for better treatment Before the 1920’s, in the United States, women were generally not allowed to vote. They were expected to stay at home and look after their families. There ...

American zoologist Dian Fossey made it her life’s work to study the gorillas of Rwanda’s mountains; while there, she became a strong anti-poaching advocate. While she worked tirelessly to not only understand and study the gorillas, she dedicated her efforts to prevent poaching, which had reduced the dwindling gorilla population to less than 250 specimens. Dian Fossey, an American naturalist, was killed in Rwanda on December 26, 1985. The identity of the murderer is still a mystery; all that is known is that she was killed by a machete. She is interred at Karisoki, in the graveyard that sits behind the ...

In a negotiation process, the participants in the process essentially attempt to undertake some form of exchange or trade. The exchange can take different forms such as services for services, goods for services, money for services or money for goods. In all these forms of exchange or trade, each participant privy to the negotiation process aims at maximizing his/her advantage. In other words, the negotiator will try his best to come out with a good if not the best deal or cut. This means that each party will aim at gaining much more for little consideration or exchange.

Depending on the ...

How have Berle and Means' idea of the separation of ownership and control affected ideas about the governance of UK and US companies?

Declared in 1932 under the Business History Review, Vol. 83, No. 3, Gardiner Means and Adolf Berle asserted that ownership control and separation was a stepping stone, and that affected corporations’ performance in the United States, based on their characterization (Marks, 1999).

According to Means and Berle, ownership and control separation involves cases whereby the publicly owned businesses and corporations do not give the shareholders much power within the corporations, particularly, in decision making for the corporation ( ...

David Ricardo is renown economist who advocated for international trade based on comparative advantage of a country. The main tenets of his discussion were to disagree with Adam Smith tenets of concentration of wealth within a country. Ricardo mainly advocated for a free trade where goods and services were allowed to flow from one country to another but on the assumption that the level of technology is constant (Peach). Through the concept of comparative advantage, he suggested that trade between two countries has a positive impact on their real incomes. He compared this to the simple idea of evolution via natural selection. This ...

What is environmentalism? Well, before giving an answer to this question, it is important to revisit a story written by Sarah Orne Jewett. In the story, A White Heron, Sarah narrates of a little girl who enjoys and treasures nature as it is. She enjoys spending time in the woodland looking for their cow, and enjoys the sound of singing birds. One day, the girl meets a hunter who promises to given some money to anyone who leads him to a white heron. At first, the offer appears too tempting, but, the little girl, Sylvia, does not give in. She decides to keep ...

For a long time, smoking was seen as part of the rites of passage into adulthood. Teens were lighting up in large numbers as part of their introduction to becoming adults. Starting in the 1950’s, results of studies conducted on the effects of cigarette smoking began to be published, among which was the link to lung cancer. Tobacco companies reacted by setting up the Tobacco Industry Research Committee (TIRC) in 1954 specifically to counteract these reports. By the 1960’s, as the public became more aware of the adverse health effects of smoking, the number of smokers started to ...

For a long time, the issue of same sex marriages has turned out to be a long struggle between those opposing it and those for it. Although some countries have already legalized for this institutions of marriage to exist, a majority have continuously been against it. Many also try to blame the emergence of same sex marriages as the reason for the decline in family and marriage stability. But the questions that linger in our minds are whether same sex marriages should be allowed and if indeed are they there to destroy the traditional institutions of marriage? Stephanie Coontz in ‘For ...

In the last few years, the number of cities and main towns has increased tremendously. Several factors ranging from political, social, and cultural have played a pivotal role in transforming peoples’ way of life and emergence of urban life. Advancement in science and technology coupled with high economic development remains the main factor that has changed the face of the world today. The introduction of industrial revolution in 20th century marked the beginning of a new era characterized with mechanization, urbanization, and modernization (Eric 78). Most of the cities and main towns emerged during this era and have continued to develop ...

Juvenile court system is a parallel criminal system provided for juvenile delinquents. Criminal justice system realized that juvenile offenders have special needs as compared to adult criminals in that they are young, and have great future to pursue; therefore, the main objective of the juvenile justice system is to rehabilitate them. The United Nations International Children’s Emergency Fund (UNICEF) asserts that, the objective of the juvenile justice system is to “encourage a process of behavioral change by helping the child or young person to feel accountable for his or her actions and understand their impact on others, and foster integration ...

Karl Marx Karl Marx theory of conflict has a lot to offer about wilding behaviour in the United States. Wilding behaviour is all about self interest, individualism and many others which do not conform or are not supported by others resulting in a conflict. Conflict is a misunderstanding that is derived from any decision made by another with or without the intentions of hurting others but mainly as a way of being in power. This is shown in the Karl Marx theory of conflict where there are two classes in the society, one is the ruling and the other is the ruled. ...

The decision concerning the type of sexuality education that should be presented to teenagers and at times the youth poses mainstay challenges. In such a context, conflict often arises on whether to choose abstinence-only sex education or the comprehensive sex education. The proponents of abstinence-only sex education have widely voiced their belief, and so have those for the comprehensive sex education (Planned Parenthood, 1). Whereas abstinence-only sex education is focused on preventing teens from indulging in any sexual activity, the comprehensive tact also includes other broader information such as contraception (Kim & Rector). Despite the fuzzy conflict surrounding its practice, abstinence-only ...

The nursing profession is a dynamic, caring and unique one among the health care professions. Several definitions have been given to nursing as an act and as a profession. According to Florence Nightingale, Nursing implies making use of the patient’s environment to help him/her in his recovery (Nightingale, 1860). She had in mind a spotless, clean, quiet and well ventilated environment for a patient’s recovery. She went further to describe a nurse as someone that assists an individual regardless of being well or ill in performing activities that contribute to recovery or health or to peaceful death that would be performed by ...

The author of the article, Helping Students Use Textual Sources Persuasively, was Margaret Kantz. She was a professor in the University of Central Missouri. The article was published at College English in the year 1990. This is a journal that is used by teachers of English language. The main target is college professors who are teaching English. The audience is college students of English who have a great need for writing papers that are rhetorical. It’s also published in JSTOR; an online store for academic papers that serves to keep papers from the physical storage where they are prone to wear ...

The feminist movement in Argentina sought to have democracy and the rule of law instituted and implemented. This culminated after the forced disappearances of their husbands and sons and other relatives. The women not only agitated for women’s rights, but pursued to have the government respect the general human rights. In what ways were these women movements successful in their quest for justice and advocacy for human rights? What were the main factors encouraging the women to actively and courageously pursue their quest for justice and reforms despite all the terror and suppression they encountered from the government?

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The learning theories as proposed by psychologists fall into one of various perspectives or paradigms, namely behaviorism, cognitivism and constructivism. These are briefly explained below:

The leading founders and advocates of this theory were John B. Watson, B.F. Skinner and Ivan Pavlov The basic theme is stimulus-response. All human behaviors are as a result of external stimuli. Such behaviors can be elucidated without considering internal mental conditions or syndromes

The learners are considered as passive, however they respond to environmental stimulus

The behavior of the person may be due to reinforcement and there are increased chances that behavior would ...

The Second World War came up as a result of accumulation of many reasons and not because of short term causes. The long-term causes of the war were harshness of the Versailles treaty on Germans in the year 1919. The treaty demilitarized the Germans western border, which put France into a position and an advantage that would allow them to settle. The treaty also advocated for the reduction of the German troops to 100,000 troops. The treaty advocated for reparations, guilt of war and war losses. The League of Nations also failed majorly in keeping of peace world wide and ...

Define ethnocentrism.

Ethnocentrism is the idea of one being self-centered about his or her own culture or viewing it as superior to any other culture. Culture relativism is the idea of a culture varying from one society to another, what one believes to be good or bad define their moral standards (LeVine & Campbell, 1971).

Positive: it is essential to be ethnocentric. It helps individuals to have a better understanding of their culture thus appreciate it. Ethnicity links individuals of a certain culture with their past (LeVine & Campbell, 1971).

Negative: it is not wrong for an individual to think that his ...

Since the colonization period when British farmers had plantations on the American soil, slavery and slave trade were common phenomena. After America gained its independence, philanthropic movements arose which aimed at bringing an end to this vice that seemed to be so deeply rooted in the American community at the time. Looking back in those days, it can be agreed that fellow humans were treated like animals just because of the color of their skin. Their intelligence and resourcefulness were neglected as they were relegated to statuses equal to that of pack-animals, regarded to as property and even treated ...

Today the concept of patient advocacy can be treated by different people in various ways. Still, there is a general tendency today, when there are major health care debates, to reduce this role to some typical images of a man on TV asking about your feelings after visiting the hospital the last time (Reece, 2011). But if this concept is considered in its true primary interpretation, it turns out to be very simple: it is first of all support of patients, and there is no one better to do it than nurses in the hospitals. In fact, everything that a nurse ...

Arguably, Mary Wollstonecraft can be said to be the “Mother of feminism” or rather “the first feminist”. As a matter of fact, most of her work focuses on the education as well as the rights of women. For instance, a Vindication of the rights of Women is a good example on how she focuses the status of women in the society and it displays pure thoughts of feminism. Undoubtedly, most people interpret her work as well as life in different ways depending on the perception of the writer as far as the equality of women is concerned. On the other hand, Jeans ...

The family is one of the most important institutions with various perspectives. Various theories have been created that look at this important institution. The feminist theory looks at the family in terms of the dominance of men. In this theory, men are not only seen to dominate women in the family, but in all spheres of the family too. The theory is of the notion that the gender difference myth, which has been advocated by many, is just a gimmick, which serves to legitimize the oppression that women get from men. On the other hand, the functionalist theory looks at ...