Penal System College Essays Samples For Students

Introduction

Correctional reforms are an important part of the criminal justice system. The reforms can reduce recidivism or have the opposite effect depending on its implementation based on cultural beliefs. Every region of the world has its unique philosophies. Despite changes in political paradigms, the cultural values find their purpose even in the new laws. Eventually, all penal systems aim to achieve an intolerance for criminal behavior from their respective civilian population. The success of any reformist drive must have the potential to derive a law that will work for the entire community. Although this criterion might seem difficult, it ...

Introduction

The number of mentally ill offenders in American jails continues to grow every year. The Bureau of Justice estimates that approximately 16% of incarcerated persons have been diagnosed with active symptoms of severe mental illness, and about 75% of these people have related drugs and alcohol use disorder ("Mental Health and Criminal Justice", 2000). The presence of mentally ill defendants in the criminal justice system has significant costs on the system and harm on these defendants. It is almost impossible to care for these prison populations; thus, the mental health courts system advocates for the removal of mentally ill ...

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History
With the crime rate steadily increasing in the United States, there have been talks of reinstating death penalty or capital punishment. This issue has sparked debate among people from different institutions. Capital punishment, however, is not something new.
Historically, capital punishment was already used in ancient Babylonia (which is now called Iraq) as early as the 1700s B.C. and the specifics are written in the Code of Hammurabi, a legal document stating 25 crimes, including adultery but excluding murder, punishable by death (Guernsey ...

The empirical explanation postulates that the crime rate is higher in America and the incarceration rate reflects this. The second explanation is that public opinion in the United States demands the harsher sentencing laws and the incarceration rates simply reflect the demands of the American citizenry. The third factor is the journalistic issue that crime and punishment is one of the divisive issues employed in conservative politics. The fourth explores the extent that politicians can use an emotional issue such as crime to garner broad based support. The fifth explanation postulates that historical trends result in cycles of greater ...

It is disheartening to observe two nations that underwent significant changes in the last century failed to capitalize on their reforms for the penal systems. South Africa declared itself of free of apartheid rule and yet finds its indigenous population reeling under the present government. The German model for reforms was on track until the political pressures overtook it (Cavadino, Cavadino, and Dignan, 2005). The cry is for stricter laws against criminals and yet, they are unable to follow the examples of the Netherlands or learn from the mistakes made by the United States. The South African people still ...

Oshinsky claimed that the farm penal system is worse than slavery because , the farm system was derived from the plantation model of imprisonment. An overall philosophy of punishment that rooted from racist assumptions regarding the abilities of the black prisoners in the South (Fisher-Giorlando , 2012, p. 1). The farm system is basically a combination of incarceration and working on a plantation as a slave. This system possesses elements of agricultural work, the population of black workers, neglect of rehabilitation, plantation mentality, isolation, the worthlessness of the prisoners and emphasis on the the economy (Forster, 1995 as quoted from Fisher-Giorlando , 2012). The condition ...