Essays on Kowal

Racial inequality has always been rampant in many societies, as it is reflected in white privilege seen not only in the United States but also in Canada, Australia, Israel, and in many countries in Asia and Africa. In white privilege, there is racial advantage on the benefits of the Whites, as they enjoy greater earnings, life expectancies, and access to high-quality education and healthcare services, as compared to the Blacks. This is the effect of what is called stigma—a sociological concept that Erving Goffman developed in his book in the year 1963. Kowal (2011) repeated the words of ...

Racial inequality has always been rampant in many societies, as it is reflected in white privilege seen not only in the United States but also in Canada, Australia, Israel, and in many countries in Asia and Africa. In white privilege, there is racial advantage on the benefits of the Whites, as they enjoy greater earnings, life expectancies, and access to high-quality education and healthcare services, as compared to the Blacks. This is the effect of what is called stigma—a sociological concept that Erving Goffman developed in his book in the year 1963. Kowal (2011) repeated the words of ...

ABSTRACT

Statistics reveal that there are over one million asylum seekers around the world every year. Asylums seeker have different definitions, but the most basic idea is that they are people seeking to leave their countries because their lives are at risk because of their race, color, religion, political persecution, war, or natural disasters (Bozorgmehr and Razum, 2015; Esses, V. et al, 2008). Many factors determine whether the refugees will be accepted in their intended country or not. Demographic variables, as well as the attitudes of the natives and the attitudes of the asylum seekers, determine the kind of attitude ...