Adult Hippocampal neurogenesis has often been associated with hippocampus-dependent learning memory. The whole process of neuron development is highly and differently susceptible to various factors and conditions that affect its survival, as well as functionality. Various prior researches have indicated that spatial training occurring 6-10 days after an injection of bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU), which is a DNA synthesis marker, increased the cell’s survival rate in male rats. However, sex differences has been reported in spatial cognition and hippocampal neurogenesis, hence developing difficulties in understanding whether spatial training would affect males and females hippocampal neurogenesis similarly.
Therefore, the article by ...
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Introduction
The thyroid gland is an essential gland found in various vertebrates, and has thyroid follicles (comprised of thyroid epithelia cells), which are supplied by a dense network of blood capillaries. The thyroid tissue’s main function is the biosynthesis and secretion of the thyroid hormone, which is an essential biological molecule existing in either of two forms, T3 and T4. The activity of the thyroid gland is controlled through the neuroendocrine system, which involves the hypothalamus and the secretory actions of the pituitary gland. TSH plays a key role in stimulating the thyroxin-binding globulin (TGB) and the uptake of blood iodine ...
Psychology: Behaviourism and Free Will
I. Introduction: Behaviorism and Free Will
Behaviorism (or learning theory) focuses primarily on overt or observable and quantifiable behaviors and excludes subjective phenomenon such as motives, feelings, and so on. It explains the processes, principles and laws by which learning occurs. Many schools of thought under behaviorism include Pavlovian, also known as classical or respondent, conditioning.
Under the basic tenet of classical conditioning, individuals learn by means of associating neutral stimulus with a meaningful response. Another behaviorism is Skinnerian, a.k.a. operant or instrumental, conditioning. Operant conditioning is the process whereby learning takes place when an action is done ...
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