Essays on Crusade

Answer two questions

Answer two questions

The Islamic influence in Spain was a strong one lasting for a long period of time. Islam offered more than just a territorial succession to the public, but it was the religion that offered intellect and social structure as well as a great privilege to society. Islamic principles did conquer the thought, language and architecture of Spain, particularly in the cities of Granada and Al-Andalus. Islamic influence was deeply ingrained in the Spanish society. Hence it led to the development of Islamic thought that promulgated deep in the society, and much of the former Christian world ...

Group A. Q1 Christianity and Islam in Spain

The crusades were religious and politically motivated wars that were dominated the 1096-1291 with the aim of controlling the holy land Jerusalem. In the first crusade, (1096-1102) initiated by pope Urban II was aimed at helping the Christian Byzantine empire which had been invaded by the Muslim Seljuk Turks. In this crusade, the Europeans were able to capture Jerusalem in 1099. This led to the merging of various Muslim faction against the Christians forces which had occupied the holy land. However, in 1291, the Muslims were able to control Jerusalem and parts of the coastal areas, which they controlled ...

Every period in the history of a country differs not only in a number and sequence of events happening, people playing critical roles in it, or culture which defines people’s attitudes and behaviors. They also differ in perception of things and events by people, hence the variety of meanings people associate with certain ideas. It is true that meaning of an idea changes with the flow of time depending on historical environment, on the complex of events which happen in the given period. Therefore, the idea of freedom has been changing through American history, and the goal of ...

Financial desperation is among the main factors that drive individuals, mostly women, to venture into prostitution as a way of making ends meet. The moral dilemma depicted by the woman who is deserted by her husband, friends, and relatives and has a little kid to feed generates the need for research into the moral and ethical issues involved in such scenario under different frameworks. There exist various groups that have called for tougher legislations focused on protecting cash trapped women who are going out there to support their families. However, there is a need to provide such women with ...

What four (4) reasons do Davis et al. give for the Christian Crusades against the Muslim Empire that contradict how they are "often portrayed" (1371)?

The Christian knights had united to help Constantinople with a concealed agenda of recovering Jerusalem and occupying it.

The Christians started a “holy war” that was a retaliation against the Muslims conquest in the region The Christians eventually settled and lived amongst Muslims after they found a way to live together. The crusades helped the Papacy assert in Muslim and other religious and secular groups while assisting kings to expand and consolidate their authority. What evidence is there to be found in "Pope Urban II's Call to the First Crusade" (1379-81) ...

Discussion on Readings:

Crusades resulted to continuous conflicts , leaders such as Alexius in the first crusade were eager to impress the western leaders by staging attacks on the Asia inhabitants where they killed anyone they came across regardless of religion (Paine 17). The crusades led to collaboration between leaders in search of power and dominance. The westerners were impressed by the gesture that Alexius showed (Paine 18). The first crusade led to the expansion of the European boundaries. In this view crusades led to rivalry and fights between states with the urge to acquire dominance. Christians and the Muslims became rivals and ...

Conflicting religious ideologies accounted for the atrocious attack on the September 11th, 2001 terrorist attacks. That single attack changed foreign policies and relations for the entire globe. However, it was not the first time that religious considerations had triggered violent conflicts that changed world affairs. The crusades also played a crucial role in influencing the political and international relations among different nations. In November 1950 at the Council of Clermont, Pope Urnbanus II called for an armed crusade to unshackle the holy land from Muslim rule. His call would shape or influence world history for many years. The causes ...

The factors that contributed to Europe’s economic growth between 950 and 1100, otherwise known as the Early Middle Ages, were the development of new technology like crop rotation as well as the improved climate which allowed farmers to produce more crops which they could trade with thus helping the economy (Norton 2010). The increase in towns and commerce also helped as the “agricultural revolution served as a foundation for a new commercial revolution” (Norton 2010). Thus the towns became a symbol for the relationship which they shared with those who lived in the countryside as the goods that ...

The Importance of Keeping Affirmative Action in the U.S.: The Struggle for Rights by the Chicano People The Importance of Keeping Affirmative Action in the U.S.: The Struggle for Rights by the Chicano People In a country like the US where racial and ethnic inequalities are a major social problem, affirmative action has become an important aspect of alleviating such differences and inequalities. Affirmative action programs are those policy actions that are meant at correcting past injustices that have been perpetrated against a group of people and any inequalities that exist between them and the native people in a ...

Council of Clermont was a church assembly, which was called by Pope Urban II in the French city of Clermont in 1095 to address church administrative and political issues. At the end of this meeting Urban II made a spirited speech, the results of which had a great influence on the whole European history. Although there is no accurate record of the words of the Pope, some versions of the contemporaries remained that can provide approximate interpretations of what was said during this assembly. The goal of this paper is to analyze these historical accounts and show the significance ...

The first crusade was an event launched by Pope Urban II and it started a series of crusades that were meant to recapture what was known as the Holy lands. Marcus Bull presents the first crusade as a pilgrimage even though the Crusaders carried weapons. The crusade later turned into a military expedition perpetrated by Roman Catholic. In the study of the writings of the first crusade, Bull brings out the different authors’ perspectives about the actions of the crusaders and their motivation. For example, Susanna Throop refers to the crusades as a means to commit vengeance on the ...

Introduction: Overview & Thesis

According to a PBS report in 2011, commenting on Middle East rooted terrorist group attacks, “While these extremely violent religious extremists represent a minority view, their threat is real” (Moore, “Evolution of Islamic Terrorism”). Today, of course, the most commonly popularized terrorist group gaining worldwide headlines in the news are the jihadists known as ISIS. Ever since ISIS has gained center stage internationally, there is hardly a human being who is not aware of the group’s presence on Earth. Currently it has been written that the contemporary world in the Middle East has been socio-politically changed, and the ...

Kurt Vonnegut Jr. in his novel “Slaughterhouse-Five” talks about several themes in relation to war. He uses meta-fiction and writing about writing as a major style in which to relay his message. The memories of the war keep getting off his mind. He wants to write the story but in other times he feels that it is not necessary. Vonnegut applies meta-fiction in his writing in order to bring the various effects of war: psychological and physical. Through the use of various characters in his work, Vonnegut is able to depict clearly the situation during the war. It is ...

The Crusades are the series of the religious military campaigns in the XI-XV centuries from Western Europe against the Muslims and not only. In a narrow sense they are the campaigns of 1096-1291 years into Palestine, first aimed at the ‘liberation’ of Jerusalem (with the Holy Sepulchre), against the Seljuk Turks. In a broader sense, Crusades are also other campaigns, proclaimed by popes, including later conducted Crusades with the purposes of the conversion to Christianity Gentiles Baltic and suppression of the heretical and anticlerical currents in Europe (the Cathars, Hussites, and others) (Bridge). At the beginning of the XIII ...

The First Crusade was organized in 1096 by the decision of Pope Urban II at the request of Byzantine Emperor Alexius I with the aim of helping the Eastern Christians in the defense of Anatolia (Asia Minor) from the onset of the Seljuks. During the campaign, further objective turned out to be the liberation of the holy city of Jerusalem and the Holy Land from the Muslims. Initially, the Pope`s appeal was addressed only to the French knights, but, later, the Crusade turned into a full-scale military campaign, and its idea spread to all the Christian states of ...

Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL)

Abu Musab al-Zarqawi in 1999 founded the Jamāʻat al-Tawḥīd wa-al-Jihād which is the present day ISIL. Initially, the organization pledged support to the Al Qaeda and fought alongside them against the Multinational force which invaded Iraq in 2003 (Spark 3). In 2006, Abu Musab al-Zarqawi died and the remnants of his militant organization founded the Islamic State of Iraq (ISI). Subsequent leadership who had the ability to keep the group aligned to the ideology of Al Qaeda died in US led attacks (Spark 4). Eventually, the Al Qaeda, in 2014 realized it could no longer keep ...

Many works of nonfiction and fiction, including Dan Brown's The Da Vinci Code, have suggested that there is a link between the Knights Templar of the Middle Ages and Freemasonry as it exists today. While the majority of historians and researchers do not currently accept that this is the case, there are certain slight indications that might point in this direction. Certainly a number of Masons believe this might be the case. But to consider the possibility that there is a link between these two organizations requires understanding what occurred during the dissolution of the Knights Templar in the ...