Economic Downturn College Essays Samples For Students

Executive Summary

The current economic downturn has occasioned new threats and opportunities that pose new challenges to American Operators Inc. The challenges American Operators Inc. currently faces are common across the manufacturing industry. However, others are unique to American Operators Inc. These challenges include; depressed demand, how to maximize the cost-benefit relationship using the existing system, how to insulate the company from future shocks, how to internationalize their market and how to tap into the anticipated future growth. To ensure American Operators Inc. meets these challenges, the Human Resource (HR) department has developed a 5-year Strategic Human Resource Plan that is in ...

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Introduction

High rates of unemployment are referred to one of the biggest economic concerns in the United States. The number of unemployed people increases substantially in the periods of economic downturn. As Stater and Wenger (2013) ascertain, “the national unemployment rates averaged 9.5 and 9.0 percent in 2010 and 2011” (p. 2). The unemployment rate serves as an indicator of “a community’s socioeconomic deprivation as well as its social disintegration or disorganization” (Singh & Siahpush, 2016, p. 9). This indicator is strongly associated with income inequality as well as levels of poverty across ...

Abstract

Two options are discussed in the paper in relation to mitigation strategy of economic downturn. One strategy was the cutting of jobs i.e. mass layoffs and other option was to cut salaries. It is observed that in the U.S. (individualist culture), the norm is to adopt mass layoffs strategy and in Japan the strategy of pay cuts is used. However, in the U.S. some big companies used the strategy of pay cuts. Mass layoffs help the companies to increase productivity and morale with high profits by not cutting the salaries and terminating the employees. On the other hand, pays ...

Question 3

“Why was the economic depression of the 1930s so severe? Outline its causes and discuss its effects, both economic and political, with reference to two national economies. Consider also the question: would the ‘Great Depression’ be possible today?”
A depression is an economic state that results from a lengthy period of adverse economic activity as measured by the GDP. Therefore, it is a prolonged and severe downturn in the economic activity. Increases in unemployment, diminishing output, reduced commerce and trade, a drop in the available credit, bankruptcies as well as sovereign debt defaults, and sustained volatility in the currency values are ...

Introduction:

An economy is said to be diversified economy when it is dealing with multilple goods and services from multiple sectors operating in the economy. For instance, an economy operating with sectors like Agriculture, Mining, Manufacturing. Trade etc rather than relying on a particular sector for its growth and survival is a diversified economy. Not only this, a diversified economy does not deal with local markets as in order to ensure full diversification it engage itself in exports, investments, create labor pool, uses latest technology etc.For instance, though Canada is highly productive in its mining activities, however in order to avail the benefits ...

Credit Risk Management

Commercial Loan Market
Commercial loans are debt arrangements agreed upon by the lender (business) and borrower (financial institution) to cover operational costs or fund business projects. During economic downturn, financial institutions are cautious of their lending and consequently import strict regulations that force borrowers to pay a higher interest rate. The agreement between the lender and borrower in the market is documented in a “credit agreement.” In credit risk management, the most important components of the agreement describe the covenants, the security requirements, priority of payments and events of default.

Segmentation of Commercial Loan Market

Financial institutions use credit rating to qualify borrowers based ...

In deliberating about economic issues, economist agrees on particular goals, which include economic growth, decrease in the unemployment rate and low inflation. In order to attain these goals, the federal reserve can take action via fiscal or monetary policies. Fiscal policy concerns taxes and spending while monetary policy involves the supply of money and the level of interest rates. Therefore, when either of these policies is not implemented properly, it can result in an economic downturn as reflected on the last year of the Bush Administration.
The last year of the Bush Administration experienced an economic downturn because ...

Executive summary

The recent global financial could be attributed to a number of factors. These factors include the general cyclical economic development; overheating of the credit market and who appeared his consequence of the mortgage crisis; high commodity prices (including oil); overheating of the stock market. The US mortgage crisis was the predecessor in occurred in two waves, first in 2007 and then in 2008. The 2008 crisis were not unique from the previous crises though it had many unique characteristics. Although the crisis started in the United States, it engulfed almost all countries of the world, and hardly any of them ...

BUSINESS ECONOMICS: THE UK ECONOMY

- Introduction3
- Reasons for Economic Downturn in 2008/094
a). Financial Crisis4
b). Business Cycle4
c). Government Policy before Crisis5
- Analysis of the Effects of the Downturn6
a). Microeconomic Effects6
1). Effects of Households6
2). Effects on Businesses6
b). Macroeconomic Effects7
1). Effect on Unemployment7
2). Effect on GDP and Inflation7
3). Effect on Share Prices and Company Profits8
- Government Policies Aimed at Recovery8
a). Fiscal Policy8
b). Monetary Policy9
c). Austerity9
- Actions/Steps Taken by the Government9
- Expectations of the Government Actions10
...

Introduction

Starbucks Corporation is a company founded in Seattle, Washington in 1971 and is a premier retailer, roaster and marketer of specialty coffees around the world. (Annual Report 2015) In 2015, Starbucks reported a staff of approximately 180,000 employees over 19,760 company licensed and operated retail stores in over 60 countries worldwide. Roasted and handcrafted high-quality and premium coffees, tea and fresh food items as well as other beverages make up their product mix.(Annual Report 2015) Starbucks also sells coffee products and tea, as well as licenses its trademarks through multiple other channels like grocery, licensed stores ...

The Australian Worker’s Union is the oldest and largest trade union of the country. The Australian Trade Union was founded in the year 1886 due the revolution of the Australian Mining Industry. It is estimated that the Union has around 100,000 members all across the country. The trade union works as a mediator between the employees and employers to solve all problems related to employment. Another function of the Australian Worker’s Union is to maintain a healthy relationship between the employers and staffs. The Australian Trade Union grew with the popularity that becomes a regulating body, ...

The prominence of the US as a world’s superpower has been shaped by a series of historical events. Most of these historical events greatly influenced various policies that informed how the country engages with the international community and how to handle national issues that confronted the American citizens. Some of the events that shape the US foreign and local policies include;

The great Depression (1929-1939)

The Great Depression was the world’s longest economic downturn in the world.Zinn reiterates that the Great Depression started in the United States in October 1929 when the stock market crashed. The condition sent panic among investors ...

Introduction

Liberalism is a political doctrine based on the ideas of liberty and equality for every individual. Liberalism espouses the idea that the government is in place to protect the citizens. The fundamentals of liberalism include free elections; freedom of worship; freedom of the press, and freedom of speech. Liberalists also believe in equality for all races, and the right to due process. In modern times, liberal politics has evolved to include environmental justice, civil rights and the right to adequate standards of living. The government has the responsibility of providing equal education, adequate social infrastructure and healthcare in order to ...

Introduction

Considered to be the worst financial crisis after the Great Depression of the 1930s, the financial crisis of 2007-2008 hit hard the global economy, threatening the total collapse of the big financial institutions, which, although was prevented by the bailout actions of the national governments, kept the global stock markets at its all-time low. The crisis played a crucial role in the failure of many businesses, decrease in the consumer wealth and a slow economic activity, creating the European sovereign-debt crisis. The impact of the global recession hit the common people by giving rise to unemployment problems, loss of jobs, decreased ...

Business Cycles

Economic or business cycles are fluctuations in economic activity (economic conditions), consist of repeated compression (economic recession, recession, depression), and expansion of the economy (economic recovery). Cycles are periodic, but usually irregular. Usually (in the framework of the neoclassical synthesis) are interpreted as fluctuations around the long-term trend of economic development.
Cyclicity in the development of a market economy is explained, first of all, by the influence of internal factors inherent in the system itself. The mechanism of the "invisible hand" of the market on the basis of economic laws (laws of supply and demand, competition, capital accumulation) is ...

Introduction

Inevitably, the topic of economics is the most astounding and effective one for the economies, as the main crux of an economy and economic factors are always be effective for their future growth and effectiveness. Economics is a core subject that associated with almost every walk of life, and it can be used for different purpose all over the world. Economics is a subject that specifically associated with the earning and consuming the money accordingly and effectively at the same time. The two broad types of economics, on which the entire broad definition and outlook would be depending, are effective for ...

The economic meltdown in the US was, as a result, of the housing bubble burst that brought about a massive economic recession in the US. The film, Inside the Melt Down, depicts a series of large American corporations going bankrupt and their shares dropping down drastically due to the economic recession. For example, Bear Stearns is a one of the multinational investment company that took an economic downturn in that its shares dropped from $171 to only $57 in a single day. Given that the media aired out their concerns regarding the economic drift of the corporation, most investors withdrew from Bear Stearns. Despite ...

Before the global financial crisis that rocked the entire globe, Japan had put in place a very robust financial system that according to economic experts was to insulate Japan from the pangs of global financial collapse. However, despite this, Japan was hardly hit by the global financial crisis significantly shrinking its economy (Zheng, 46). In the year 2007 before the peak of the economic recession lead economists pointed out that Japan was immune, the impacts of the US subprime loan problem, owing to the fact that Japan had limited exposure to “toxic” assets. In fact, the Japanese banking sector was ...

1. There are a few important differences between single-member districts and proportional representation in voting districts. Both are systems that are used for voting, and both have the goal of allowing the population of a voting district to choose an elected official or officials to represent the district.
In a single-member district, the voting system is designed in such a way that it allows the represented population to return only one individual as a representative to a legislative body. For example, a district may vote for an individual to send to the state legislature; this is an example of this type of voting system. It ...

Addressing National Debt within the State of the Union

I am a full time student at the University of Miami pursuing a bachelor’s of Science degree majoring in Economics. During the annual State of the Union speech, the president shares the economic evaluation of this country, and he presents the plan that the administration wants to implement in order to reverse the economic downturn. I admit not to have been a keen follower of previous State of the Union speeches: The only existing memories bring me back to the dinner table with my family, a feast before our midst with President George Bush, Jr. on the television. I don’t remember ...

Task

Management has been described as a process that involves the responsibility for an economical and effective planning and regulation of all the activities of an enterprise with a goal of fulfilling a given purpose. Its also defines as a dynamic process that consists of a number of elements and activities that are different from the operative functions such as finance, marketing etc. Different scholars have come up with different functions of management but our discussion will majorly rely on the work of Koontz and O’ Donnel who described the functions of management as Planning, Organizing, Staffing, Directing and Controlling (8).
Planning is defined ...