Essays on Recession

Introduction

When the unemployment level hit a shocking 10% in October 2009, the world thought the scary depression of the 1930s was back. During this time, the economic recession which had begun two years earlier had dragged down economic growth and the gross domestic product a great deal. The stock market was performing poorly, but had really collapsed as it had during the great depression (Canterbery 45). For an individual that was a child during the great depression, the great recession is a minor economic downfall and does not even qualify to be modified by the term Great. Yet, to Continue reading...

Research paper

Introduction
The economy is a complicated apparatus that subordinates all of the major aspects of our present life, and as every system, might be experiencing different states, its ups and downs. This research paper will uncover such unpleasant states of the economy as recession, and depression. In such conditions the economy will slow abruptly, with trade and financial flows shrinking, while the overall output and employment losses will mount. When the recession or a depression hits the credit markets remain frozen for some time, which postpones the improvement of the financial health.

Economic cycles

Prior to the explanation of these two Continue reading...

Business Cycles and Recessions

Business Cycles and Recessions (1980-2010)
Introduction
It may be a persistent blueprint of contraction and expansion (Boyes). A business cycle is a form of fluctuation that takes place in the entire economic activity. Periods of recession cause a contraction, whereas an expansion takes place during economic recovery. The Economic National Research Bureau of (NEBR) dating committee on business cycle recognized that in June 2009, an occurrence of a trough in the economy of the U.S. This trough began in the last month of 2007 and was the beginning of an economic growth. This recession took 18 months and was Continue reading...

Global recession is often thought of as a serious problem or threat considering that it affects an individual’s or a family’s financial capability to maintain their lifestyle. Even if people deny the effects of global recession, some are in an advanced state of panic as people deem their businesses, employment, and plans are over. In reality, the inconveniences and life-changing situations vary depending on where one is geographically located, how much of the business is at stake, and how long the financial crisis lasts. Despite the apparent doom and gloom the situation presents, there is still much Continue reading...

Introduction

Considered to be the worst financial crisis after the Great Depression of the 1930s, the financial crisis of 2007-2008 hit hard the global economy, threatening the total collapse of the big financial institutions, which, although was prevented by the bailout actions of the national governments, kept the global stock markets at its all-time low. The crisis played a crucial role in the failure of many businesses, decrease in the consumer wealth and a slow economic activity, creating the European sovereign-debt crisis. The impact of the global recession hit the common people by giving rise to unemployment problems, loss of Continue reading...

Introduction

Ever since the end of World War II in 1948, there have been eleven recessions in the United States. Although the unemployment rate in the U.S. fell to the lowest 4.6% in November 1997, but ever since then, there have been secular increases in the country’s unemployment rates. Over the years, a variety of methods have been employed by the federal government, such as federal spending and tax cuts, to raise the employment rate and turn around recessions. Since the beginning of the U.S. economic structure, unemployment has been a problem throughout the country, even though the United Continue reading...

Question 1

The terminology business cycle is used to denote the fluctuations in the economy in production or any other economic activities over a given period of time. These fluctuations occur around a long-term expansion trend and often involve changes over time between periods of high and vigorous growth and periods of relative stagnation (Tvede, 2006, p 7). The components of a business cycle include boom, recession and recovery. Boom refers to the economic period where businesses are experiencing large sales which results in high profit margins. During this period, the levels of employment are relatively high (Freiber, J. & Continue reading...

Introduction

The series of recessions that have occurred in the past decades have raised several questions about the effectiveness of the various existing measures of recession, some of which use a comprehensive set of indicators. A number of analysts have stressed that financial market indicators provide a more effective predictions about recession. In this respect the predictive capacity of the bond yield curve have received much attention in recent times. The current discussion sheds some light on the predictive capacity of the yield curve and the associated term spread. Current scenario is studied in terms of the yield curve obtained Continue reading...

The Four Seasons Hotels is a chain of hotels with an international presence in major cities of the world. The hotels target various hoteliers through a comprehensive provision of services that range from hotel meals, accommodations, conferences, meetings and seminars, catering services, parties, among other hotelier products.
This Literature Review focuses on six branches, which include Dublin, Sydney, Singapore, Istanbul, Jakarta and Milano. All the mentioned hotels are either located in the Middle East or Europe. These listed continents have a robust economy that might not wallow to changes in the world economic climate. I am going to analyse Continue reading...

Publisher Information: Socyberty

Introduction

Employee motivation is one of the most crucial components of the success of any business or organization. Employers invest in their human resource in order to build an organization’s capacity to overcome adverse effects on its operational capacity especially with regards to periods of low business operation or absence of business opportunities. (Glassvisage; Hacker; Herubudiarto; Holt, M; Demand Media, present some major communication methods through which an organization’s executive committee can promote good business ethic and professional Continue reading...

Economic Recession and consumer behavior surround the "lipstick effect"

In the times of recession the consumer behavior also changes and especially for women the change can be observed as women cut their luxury spending from buying expensive bags and clothes and using the saved up money on lipsticks etc. It further establishes the point that women might spend more on beauty products in times of recession due to the reason that there are fewer financially strong men in the society. All these points gather up to a common hypothesis which can be stated as “Economic Recession and consumer behavior surround the lipstick effect”.
Lipstick effect can be termed Continue reading...

Introduction

The great recession is believed to have started toward the end of 2007, and affected most economies. This was dubbed the great recession in the literature since it was mainly deep and prolonged, and therefore was regarded to be the worst recession since the great depression of 1930s. For years, the economists have not agreed on the causes of the great recession nor have they agreed on the correct policy response to the subsequent recession. This made several governments introduce significant stimulus programs in an attempt to reduce the economic impact of the recession. Similarly, the increase in government Continue reading...

Recession affects every aspect of the country’s economic growth. Sometimes its effect is limited to one or more countries but sometimes recession affects the world economy. The World has faced various small and large recessions in the past. Various efforts have taken in order to overcome the recession and its effects. This paper intends to discuss the recession along with discussing who decides that recession has started and other related aspects of the area under discussion.
There is not any fixed definition of recession. The term, ‘Recession’ indicates towards a substantial decline in all economic activities of one Continue reading...

Education has always been seen as the step towards the dream jobs and the career opportunities people aspire. With the relevant education, a person is better suited to become the greatest professional he aspires to be. However the recent recession has been established to limp deeply on the education sector just like it has hit the financial departments. This time the most affected are the students who find it hard to continue with the lives they had before the current economic turmoil. Kinder (16) also noted that “during economic downturn a number of things usually take place as we Continue reading...

The Recession of 2008

Introduction
The recession that began in 20007 is apparently the most profound downturn that affected United States during the post-war era. Possibly, the part that was impacted the most consequent to this as recorded in history is apparently the labour market. This recession negatively affected the United States labour market a fact that was well evident from the sharp curtails in consumer spending. In a more in-depth and insightful way, this paper will explore and elaborate the impacts of the great recession that persisted from December 2007 to June 2009. In essence, this paper will discuss the unemployment, underemployment, Continue reading...

Research paper

Introduction
A general slowdown in economic activities of a given nation has various repercussions. This slowdown is what is generally referred to as recession. During this period, the macroeconomic indicators like employment, Gross Domestic Product, capacity utilization, business profits, inflation, and investment spending fall whereas unemployment rate and bankruptcies rise. From the past, this has negatively affected the living conditions of common citizens in all the nations that this business cycle contraction has occurred.
The role of the government of a nation is thus to intervene in the occurrence of a recession. For that reason, this research paper focuses Continue reading...

Generally, during recession period, there are theories that are implemented to try and remedy the situation. The two major theories that have been utilized during the United States of America to try and save big businesses are: supply side economics and Keynesian theory. Arguments have been put across regarding the best theory that is capable of rescuing big businesses during the recession. According to Boskin, many have been in favor of Keynesian while others have been in favor of Supply-side. In this paper therefore, is going to investigate both theories arguing in favor of supply-side. This paper will also Continue reading...

Major causes of economic growth in the UK and in china during 1997 and 2007

The UK and China both experienced a period of steady economic growth, marked by an increase in gross domestic product, purchasing power parity, and decrease in unemployment and an increase in production within the countries. This growth was triggered by various factors and the result of the growth was an increase in financial stability within the two countries. Prior to this period, they had experienced sporadic growth but this period was characterised by steady economic growth.
The economy of the People’ Continue reading...

INTRODUCTION

In this information age, the digital revolution has transformed the industry to an information based economy. Since the late 1970s, the day to day evolution of technology has shaped the modern society by introducing globalized communication. The UK mobile phone network industry is developing day by day by introducing the new-tech systems in the market. O2, Vodafone, EE, T-Mobile, and Orange are the biggest mobile phone network providers in the UK (Rushton, 2012). This report has presented a thorough economic analysis of mobile phone network industry in the UK, considering the biggest network providers in the country.

ANALYSIS OF MOBILE PHONE OPERATORS IN UK

Mobile Phone Continue reading...

The recent recession was blamed for various impacts on the American society. It had a tremendous impact on policies and budget cuts. Therefore, it is not surprising to connect the recession to one of the most influential processes in the American society building, meaning the process of migration. The main task of this paper is to find how the recession affected immigration process in the United States. The answer would be that recession had not decreased the immigration flow as much as it was expected and it resulted in more negative consequences rather than positive ones. This Continue reading...

Introduction

Over the recent years, United States economy has indicated a gradual decline resulting to cases of job cuts; which is presently one of the major economic issues in the United States. Increased job cuts by corporations’ poses a major challenge of increased unemployment rates in the United States. The United States seems to be facing a major economic disaster from all major sectors that contribute to its economic development. There is no sustainable economic improvement in major sectors like housing, health services and small-scale businesses.

Major businesses and financial corporations are evaluating strategies to cut down operational and overhead Continue reading...

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History stands witness, even today to the fact that that The Great Depression was the worst economic crisis to have ever hit the nations of the world. Nearly all the countries across the world bore the brunt of this economic crisis and were left to fend for themselves without the support of one another. There are varied timings of the origin of the Depression all over the world that fall in the 1930s to the 1940s. America however, was the worst victim of this recession as the Depression basically originated Continue reading...

Introduction

Microeconomics is very essential because people make choices whose consequences are felt by the individual and the general society. Incentives matter and they consequently affect t choices. Rational choice and expectations guides the decision making process in any economy. The historical empirical and analytical evidence against the hypotheses studied in microeconomics is prodigious.
Recession is a period in which the economic activities in a country are contracted. During such periods, employment, GDP, business profits, capacity utilization, household income, investment spending and inflation falls while on the other hand unemployment and insolvency upsurge (Agarwal et al., 2005). Generally, recession results Continue reading...

Thesis: Although many economists reported the end of the recession in June of 2009, this paper argues that the increasingly inflated prices for goods and services, the deflating employment wages, the larger lower class and the diminishing middle class are evidence that the recession has not ended.
I. Economic recession, a period of time when the country’s economy is doing poorly, is important to everyone because there are so many negative impacts. Many people in the middle class have already experienced great losses and entered into poverty. Working people cannot buy as much with their paychecks because the Continue reading...

The recent recession was blamed for various impacts on the American society. It had a tremendous impact on policies and budget cuts. Therefore, it is not surprising to connect the recession to one of the most influential processes in the American society building, meaning the process of migration. The main task of this paper is to find how the recession affected immigration process in the United States. The answer would be that recession had not decreased the immigration flow as much as it was expected and it resulted in more negative consequences rather than positive ones.

Key words: illegal immigration, recession, tolerance, public policy, Mexican border.

The Recession and Continue reading...

Objective of the paper: The paper seeks to establish what impact have been seen in the different countries, both developed as well as developing, of the global recession and economic turmoil which has been in place for over two years now. In general, the paper seeks to analyze the situation from the point of view of producers, consumers, employment, debt and the steps that the countries have been taking to pump money back into the economy and bring it out of recession. Since each economy is different from the others, it would be interesting to see different measures that Continue reading...

Before the global financial crisis that rocked the entire globe, Japan had put in place a very robust financial system that according to economic experts was to insulate Japan from the pangs of global financial collapse. However, despite this, Japan was hardly hit by the global financial crisis significantly shrinking its economy (Zheng, 46). In the year 2007 before the peak of the economic recession lead economists pointed out that Japan was immune, the impacts of the US subprime loan problem, owing to the fact that Japan had limited exposure to “toxic” assets. In fact, the Japanese banking sector Continue reading...

Economic recession is the period when the economy of a country is performing poorly. There are many problems encountered during this period and in most cases it affects citizens of that country. It was thought that this problem would end soon but it has turned out to be an historical event because it is happening every year in different countries. During this period, the import exceeds export because the country produces less forcing it to import either goods or services from other countries. This is the hardest time for the government because even its currency becomes valueless compared to Continue reading...

Introduction

Labour force participation rate is an important concept in economics and it is defined as the number of labours that are participating in the economic activities from the total number of labour available in the economy . The higher the labour participation rate of the economy, there are more chances that the economy would be stable and in a better situation.
As labour participation rate is an important and one of the most discussed topics in economics, this report discusses about the same concept. The report first defines the labour force participation rate and then highlights the importance of labour Continue reading...

INTRODUCTION

Economies these days face the challenges and combat with the rising inflation continuously. The structure of the macroeconomic policy encourages the economic growth. The tools used for the stability of the economy are in some of the cases referred to as the expansionary economic policy. The fiscal and the monetary decisions of the economy determine the policies which end recession. These policies are usually formed by the central banks which determine the increasing or the decreasing money supply. The expansionary policy is considered as an effective tool for managing the low growth periods which arise in the business cycle. Continue reading...

The economic growth of a country is affected by many factors that determine the demand and supply of goods and services. The first factor is the rate of interest that banks charge for lending out money. The second factor is the rate at which businesses create opportunities of employment. Businesses should also retain those employees for there to be sustained economic growth. The last factor is the rate of exchange of money in business activities that are commonly referred to as liquidity. For there to be good economic growth, money should be exchanged at a high rate for it Continue reading...

Throughout history, financial crises and economic recessions have taken place in different parts of the world. After the collapse of the Soviet Union, the United States of America emerged as a force to reckon with in the global market. The emergence of the United States of America as a financial power house is attributed to the liberalization of the markets and the focus on the development of the IT and communication sector. Given the pivotal role of financial epicenters in global financial markets, a crisis in any of the financial epicenters can have devastating effects. In 2008-2009, there was Continue reading...

Comparison and Contrast of Franklin D. Roosevelt’s responses to the Great Depression and Barack Obama’s responses to the Great Depression

Efforts undertaken by the US government to save itself from the effects of the Great Recession have been compared to similar policy measures undertaken during the Great Depression. Undeniably, Obama’s inauguration in early 2009 is comparable to Franklin D. Roosevelt’s infamous one hundred days in presidency. While the later offered a package of New Deal policies aimed at digging the US economy out of the Great Depression, the former’s economic policies were aimed at Continue reading...

Demand-side Policies’

Executive Summary
Initially a brief background of the devastating financial downfall of 2008 will be provided. This paper will then investigate the demand side polices before and after the recession. In the end some policy recommendations will be provided in order to improve the current financial situation and eradicate the economic cavities still left after the economic depression of 2008.

Introduction

The worldwide depression of 2008–09 was unexpected, stern, and gradual. During the time former to September 2008, the housing and financial segments in the United States and numerous European nations faced gradual negative consequences. Throughout this phase, there Continue reading...

BUSINESS ECONOMICS: THE UK ECONOMY

- Introduction3
- Reasons for Economic Downturn in 2008/094
a). Financial Crisis4
b). Business Cycle4
c). Government Policy before Crisis5
- Analysis of the Effects of the Downturn6
a). Microeconomic Effects6
1). Effects of Households6
2). Effects on Businesses6
b). Macroeconomic Effects7
1). Effect on Unemployment7
2). Effect on GDP and Inflation7
3). Effect on Share Prices and Company Profits8
- Government Policies Aimed at Recovery8
a). Fiscal Policy8
b). Monetary Policy9
c). Austerity9
- Actions/Steps Taken by the Government9
- Expectations of the Government Actions10
- Conclusion11
- References12
- Introduction
The United Kingdom is made up of Continue reading...

Facilitator:

The middle class group in American traverse along diverse earnings with some of them earning lowly as others earn highly. However, the common point among the middle class people revels in the level of education they claim and the prowess in different fields (David et al., 2010). Studies identify the middle class as people in possession of the greater part of the American economy, with arguably good educational levels and middle level incomes. Further inference shows that the middle class people possess a better part of the American trade market due to their advanced purchases and sales characters (Pressman, Continue reading...

Abstract

Since 2007, the European markets continued to experience a decline as several European nations had felt the consequences of applying the unstable Euro into their countries that had influenced the nation’s economic instability as seen in the case of Greece, Ireland, Italy, Spain, and Portugal. In recent news, the European debt crisis continues to prevail as the Eurozone reaches its all-time low for the past5 years as both strong and weak European markets now enter a state of recession that affects the entire world market. With the current European Debt Crisis continuing to influence the European markets, the Continue reading...

Since the beginning of The Great Recession it is difficult to imagine an area of life that the economic crisis as not impact. It has thinned the wallets and bank accounts of many and even turned our attention away from once pressing matters such as the climate. Countless articles have been written about this topic in an attempt to make sense of this catastrophe and explain what is going on to the public at large. Two articles in particular make an attempt to explain very opposite ends of this chaotic financial spectrum. One attempts to shed light on household Continue reading...

Executive Summary:

- Harrison Company is experiencing some weaknesses in key departments such as finance department, marketing logistics and operations departments that have resulted to a series of bad results in the past and there is need to work on these weaknesses.
- The company is experiencing a leadership crisis with very few leaders able to steer this business forward. Most of them lack the necessary skills to succeed and so new faces should be brought in to carry out this process.
- The company faces several social, environmental and ethical problems that need to be solved as soon as possible.
Continue reading...

Introduction:

This article gives an analysis of the recession and the youth unemployment in EU. This gives much focus on the economy of countries like Spain, France and Italy in relation to their budget and the impact on the youth unemployment and the general effect on the economy. The article also shows measure taken by the European Commission in trying to curb the economic recession with help of various monetary and fiscal policies.(Basci,2007:19) The commission also gave the measures taken in relation to the debt crisis in Germany and the EU in general without much alteration of spending Continue reading...