Essays on Kurdish

Which conflicts are ethnic and which conflicts are protracted?

Mauritania (ethnic, protracted) Government of Mauritania against Polisario; Senegalese against Mauritanian Guinea (ethnic) The Rally of Democratic Forces of Guinea fights against the government of Guinea-Bisau. Mali (ethnic, protracted) This is an ethnic conflict occurring for a long period of time. Conflict in Mali involves a number of ethnic groups and the conflict has become protracted. The government of Mali fights several ethnic groups, including governments of neighboring countries. These groups include the Alliance for the Re-Liberation of Somalia/Union of Islamic Courts (ARS/UIC), North Mali Tuareg Alliance for Change, Government of Somalia; factions like Malinke, the MNLF – HM (Moro ...

Introduction

Since the dawn of human civilization annihilation of millions of people has been occurring. After the two World Wars, this annihilation took place through many civil wars fought within the nations all over the world. The Genocide or the mass killing of a particular ethnic group has been a common phenomenon in civil wars. In 1990s, the Kashmiri Hindus were expelled by Muslim terrorists through severe massacre. The question is whether mass massacre is the answer to any problem. There is a universal agreement that genocide is immoral and unethical (Jones, 1999). Still even after the horrified consequences of ...

Introduction

Mustard gas, or sulphur mustard is a chemical term for an agent that causes burning of the skin, respiratory tract and eyes. Mustard gas can be captivated into the body via ingestions, inhalation or by getting in touch with the school or students with the eyes or skin. Mustard gas is delivered in a vapour or liquid form, and it burns the skin, windpipe, eyes, and lungs. The physical result depends upon the exposure level and might appear after few hours or in some cases it is sooner. Although mustard gas is lethal in high volume, blister agents are ...

The Bagdad Taxi, a documentary movie directed by Frederic Tonnoli sends chills down the spine of everyone who watches it, at least mine had chills. The setting of the film was months after the end of the tenure of the American troops in Iraq. The movie revolves around a filmmaker who sojourns the country of Iraq right from one far end to the other, in a taxi with Khalid, who doubled as both his friend and a cab driver. The journey covered over ten Iraqi towns with a good number of over a hundred police checks, as the filmmaker ...

Iraq

Introduction The period between 2003 and 2011 is a duration that will remain in the history of Iraq for decades to come. It was a period characterized by unprecedented levels of violence and political disorder whereby there was a strong influence exerted on Iraqi politics by foreign powers. The same period witnessed the American-led military troop invasion of Iraq, in an exercise that overthrew Saddam Hussein’s Ba’ath Party governance. The year 2011 marked the end of nearly decade-long fight when the US troops left the country. After the invasion, there were efforts to reconstruct Iraq. However, the ...

Since its very inception, the Syrian conflict has become a threat not only for the local residents and neighboring countries, but also for the whole world. The IS militants crossed all limits in their radical methods of waging war against a number of Syrian and Iraqi peoples; moreover, "the Islamic State’s rise has shaped the battlefield in Iraq and Syria, as well as shifting alliances between the United States and countries in the region" (Phillips 351). Kurds, taking into account their minority over other nationalities, have become one of the main targets of the ISIS' troops. Kurds have ...

The civil war in Syria continued for the last five years have five different aspects for the Syrian immigrants, and the host countries’ people: social aspect, security aspect, economic aspect, and political aspect. In 2013, 583,000 Syrian immigrants ran away from their countries, and most of the Syrian immigrants preferred the closest destination to save their lives. However, the political situation got deteriorated in Syria, and more and more Syrians had to move away from their countries. In the following years, many of the Syrian immigrants preferred the countries from which they could pass to the developed countries ...

Introduction

It seems difficult to analyze democratic transition from the standpoint of international dimension both theoretically and practically because not so much literatures that discuss about what the external environment actually is and how it might contribute to domestic change (Cavatorta 2005). However, it does not mean that international context will be ignored in the analysis process because international factors might have impacts on the transition process through their connections with domestic actors particularly in terms of distribution of power and resources, which in turn have effect on how they will act (Cavatorta 2005). One thing to remember is a ...

The Russia-US agreement on the Syrian ceasefire has brought up several issues that remain unaddressed. The idea encompasses a great vision for the Middle East but it needs to be developed further and become the foundation of conflict settlement (Almonitor 1). The cessation of hostilities faces many obstacles such as: identifying the terrorist groups in Syria, areas where they should attack and whether Russia and US can control their proxies. Moscow suggests that Kurds should be a part of the Geneva peace talks. The Syrian opposition is in agreement with the idea while Ankara understandably opposes the idea. The ...

Events that led to the influx of refugees in Turkey

The Arab Spring that was experienced in African countries like Egypt, Tunisia and Libya, inspired the protest against President Bashar Hafez al-Assad’s government in March 2011. The government, in response, sent its forces to contain the protest, and as a result, Syria plunged into civil war (Carpenter 2). As the war continued, alliances, mini-alliances and shifts took place throughout the region, and this led to a complex situation as the war developed dimensions involving Islamic extremists, Assad’s government, rebel groups and ethnic groups. In July 2011, defectors from the Syrian army organized a Free Syrian Army and ...

Introduction

Over the years, Turkey and Germany have continued to put in place comprehensive measures and policies to curb insecurity. These measures and concepts on security are always developed with an aim to promote cohesive coexistence between states, building confidence in relations among states, enhancing possibilities of diplomacy and agreeing on the use of arms and its limitations, disarmaments and promoting political goodwill and economic security among between the countries. The purpose of this paper is to analyze a policy brief covering Turkey and Germany by comparing the two countries focusing on the different security and other threats. The need ...

Discuss the Rise of the States’ Decolonization, Independence/Secession Processes that succeeded in the Last Years as well as the Current Independence/Secession Processes going on in the World Now.

Historically, decolonization has been occurring in stages, from 1776 to 1991, designing the current global order of the states through revolutions. It is a term used to refer to the process of ending the colonial rule in all facets, including different political, economic, social, and cultural aspects of this process. For around 200 years, the colonial rule, represented by the European monarchs has impacted the relationship between similar and opposing forces ( ...

Islamic State of Iraq and Syria

Background The Islamic State of Iraq and Syria (ISIS) is a terrorist group that was formerly known as the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL). The group gained ground during and after the Syrian civil war between 2012 and 2014 where they got new recruits and resources (Wood, 2015). The group had close ties to Al-Qaeda that is another terror organization and was officially formed in April 2013 from it. Since then, ISIS has broken ranks with Al-Qaeda and has become one of the main jihadist organizations fighting the Iraqi and Syrian governments. The group also took ...

Main Argument: The Islamic state of Iraq and Syria has recently waged war on the two countries and annexed vast amounts of territory. Under the leadership of Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi, the newly declared state has waged war in Iraq and in Syria that has caused the death and displacement of hundreds of thousands of people and massive damage to property. According to AL-QARAWEE, ISIS is the most recent re-creation of an outfit known as Tanẓīm Qāʻidat al-Jihād fī Bilād al-Rāfidayn formed in 2004. A critical analysis of the sectarian conflicts in the Middle East ...