Criminology Literature Reviews Samples For Students

Abstract

Rising rates of recidivism in the United States have developed concerns pertaining to the effectiveness of prisons as correctional facilities. In this study, the focus is to assess the suitability of faith-based correctional methods in promoting inmates reentry into the society. Some discussed methods include Inner change programs, prison chaplaincy, and meditational strategies. Several studies have indicated significant declines in recidivism rates among inmates who participated in these initiates. For example, Duwe & Johnson (2013) found that inmates who engaged in Inner change programs in Minnesota were less likely to be arrested by at least 8% compared to their counterparts ...

A brief review

Abstract
Recidivism rates are very instrumental in the policy making, offender incarceration and treatment. However when these rates are surrounded by uncertainty and are lacking, these rates do more harm than good. This is truer in sexual crimes, particularly in child molestations. While criminological literature emphasizes low recidivism rates for sexual criminals, the public fueled by media, consider it otherwise. Nonetheless recidivism rates are high for child molesters among the sexually offending group. Even among child molesters, there is much difference between the intra-familial and extra-familial groups too. Framework models and tools help specialists in identifying individuals with ...

Types of Social Challenges Faced By Indian Students in Melbourne Tertiary Universities

Overview of existing research
Whereas there have been worrying acts of hostility, Australia is commonly considered an excellent practice country in its international student experiences, migration policies, and assimilation of people from diverse backgrounds. Despite a normally upbeat track record, room and chance for improvement are always there, as recent shortcomings in the experiences of international students in Australia indicate.
Recently, foreign students living in Australia have been physically attacked and in fact murdered. Victimization is a shameful and painful experience and must not be condoned in any institutional arrangement or public policy, yet, it still happens even in ...

PRISON DISCRIMINATION

The prison system within the American judicial system is tainted and full of discrimination. Various authors describe the value of human life by saying; race does not exist, but rather merely human beings (Gordon 1983; Wilson and Moore 2003). All humans are unique despite their social background, ethnic race as well as the language they speak. Therefore, this raises a question as to why is there is a social divide amongst humans, and why it continues to develop over the years. These questions are some, but a few of the overwhelming thoughts that both academic scholars and politicians have had a difficult time ...

Video game violence in teenagers has become a topic of discussion in the public due to the continued school shootings. The media has been portraying video game violence as one of the key aspects that are fuelling behavioral aggression among the youths. The increased behavioral aggression such as bullying, fighting and even criminal assaults calls for investigation to be done to determine the cause especially among the teenagers who are already having some mental health problems.
According to study conducted by Kutner and Olson (2008), 60 percent of middle school boys who have at least played one mature rated ...

A Review of Literature

INTRODUCTION
The United States has currently been struggling with a great deal of political warfare, social unrest and public protest from the inside and from terrorism, global criticism and immigration battles from the outside. There are so many issues that the subjects of debate seem endless. One of the most controversial and often debated issues today is gun control. There is no doubt that it is incredibly dangerous when offenders are armed when they commit crimes like burglary or in a car-jacking; more so when these offenders have every premeditated intent to kill. At the same time, not everyone ...

Introduction:

Crime has been an important study that has existed for a long duration of time. Yet it remains controversial with theoretical, historical and accounts of male and female involvement often inconclusive. The perpetrators of crime have for long being presumed to be men. Whether by design or by nature men have been the major actors in criminal activities is a matter of contention. This paper adds to the existing literature on gender differences in crime involvement by comparing different researches on crime with special emphasis on gender involvement.
There have been several studies that have been carried out focusing ...

INTRODUCTION

Children are one of the most vulnerable and tender section of the society. They are the ones who shape up the future of the world. At the same time, any bad incidence with them will lead to increase in the sufferings of the world in every aspect or field. Children are being exposed to many illicit and harmful activities which affect them in a negative way mentally, physically and socially. One of those many activities is the act of childhood sex abuse. The incidences of sexual abuse have been on the rise since the last few decades. The increase ...

Introduction

Gun control debate has attracted heated debate on whether the use of gun should be controlled or should not in the United States. Different political sides have assumed hardline stands on the issue. This is evident from the proponents for gun legislation control and the opponents for the control of gun use. President Barack Obama has made his intentions clear on gun control in congress. This was exclusively after the Sandy Hook Elementary shooting. Obama confirmed his proposal on the need of congress to pass the legislations that will check the ownership and usage of guns. The legislation should ...

Earley, Pete (2012). The Serial Killer Whisperer: How One Man's Tragedy Helped Unlock the Deadliest Secrets of the World's Most Terrifying Killers. Touchstone. New York City: NY. ISBN-13: 978-1439199039.

Purpose of the book

The purpose of “The Serial Killer Whisperer” is revelation. The minds of serial killers and serial murders have fascinated us through investigative documentaries, sitcoms and Hollywood blockbusters (Schmid, 2005). The information that is portrayed to us in these mediums is generally violent and usually illogical behavior on part of the serial offender. This book, however, reveals a different side to the readers. The side that eludes investigators and criminal profilers; the ...

Fast D. and Conry, J. (2009). Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders and the Criminal Justice System.

Developmental Disabilities Research Review 15: 250 – 257.

This paper examines the relationship between the long-life nervous syndrome that is found in people with Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders (FASDs) and their participation in the criminal justice system. According to the article, the FASDs are caused by exposure to alcohol during the prenatal stage. The article provides some of the disabilities associated with people having the FASDs to include poor judgment, learning disabilities, and social ineptness. The authors argue that the foregoing disabilities make people predisposed to unfair treatment and increased involvement in ...

Introduction

There are various approaches to the conduct of work in the criminal justice system. Due to this, there are different methods that police officers and other law enforcement authorities work and cooperate in order to detect, investigate and prosecute offenders in the country. This literature review will critically evaluate groundbreaking definitions and various theories and concepts relating to problem oriented policing and the research and evaluation systems or approaches in the criminal justice system.

Section 1: Problem-Oriented Policing

There are different definitions of the concept of problem-oriented policing. “Problem-oriented policing is more concerning with solving a particular problem and having an outcome”. This implies ...