Essays on Plugging

Results

Deflection per Unit Load (mm/kN) The deflection per unit load in mm/kN is calculated from the slope of the graph as follows. Slope=RiseRun=y2-y1x2-x1=6.4113-1.282260.2-0.04=32.0565kNmm Deflection per unit load=1slope=132.0565=0.031195mmkN

Strain per Unit Load (µƐ/kN)

The strain per unit load in µƐ/kN is calculated from the slope of the graph as follows. For Strain (+) Slope=RiseRun=y2-y1x2-x1=6.4113-1.2822642-7=0.146544kNμε Strain per unit load=1slope=10.146544=6.8239μεkN

For Strain (-)

Slope=RiseRun=y2-y1x2-x1=6.4113-1.28226-48-(-8)=-0.128226kNμε Strain per unit load=1slope=1-0.128226=7.799μεkN

Calculations and Discussion

Stress The stress per unit load in N/mm2/kN is calculated from the strain measurements as follows. Stress per unit load=StressLoad=8.61×106-1.435×1066.4113-1.28226=1.399×106N/mm2kN Stress per unit load=StressLoad=-9.84×106--1.64×1066.4113-1.28226=-1.599×106N/mm2kN

The theoretical value of maximum stress is calculated as follows.

Theoretical maximum stress=MomentElastic Modulus Moment=Load×Distance=1kN×657.5mm=279 kN.mm Theoretical ...

An Electric Vehicle( EV) is a vehicle that includes an electric motor and runs on electricity. Propulsion in these vehicles occurs by one or more electric motors that are powered by rechargeable batteries. Unlike fossil-fuel powered vehicles, the electricity for EVs can be generated from a wide range of sources including nuclear power, solar power, tidal power, wind power and combination of these. Three main types of EVs include:

Vehicles that are directly powered by an external source of power,

Vehicles that are run on the electricity stored by an external source, and Vehicles that are powered by an on-board electric generator Based on these categories, electric vehicles includes four ...

Solar Energy

What can be more useful for humanity if not unlimited power source, which we can use without any harm to the environment? Probably, nothing, but the solar power. Humanity has always tried to conquer the unlimited power of Sun – history of solar technology comes from the 7th Century B.C. to nowadays. In the beginning, we tried to concentrate the sun’s heat by using glass, mirrors or some other devices to light fires. From those times, we went far away, but still we did not conquer this magnificent source of power. Why do we should develop solar power technologies? ...