Unconditioned Stimulus Research Papers Samples For Students

Abstract

Kamin blocking is a condition where animals elicit a Conditioned Emotional Response (CER) to a Conditioned Stimulus (CS) and fail to associate any other Unconditioned Stimulus (US). This study investigates if the Kamin blocking principle holds true for human subjects. Using food as a conditioned stimulus and Allergic reaction as an unconditioned stimulus, a contingency judgment task experiment was conducted on 683 participants, where they were exposed to a CS in the first stage and a combination of CS, US and a superimposed stimulus in the second stage. In the third stage. Participants asked to predict the probability of the superimposed stimulus eliciting the US and compared ...

Introduction

Many thinkers and scientists have proposed models and theories about how people learn; they are called learning theories. The learning theories are classified as behaviourism, cognitivism, constructivism, humanism and design-based. Behaviorism is based on the supposition that learning occurs for an organism through interactions with the environment. Behaviouristic school assumes that an organism always responds to a stimulus and the ‘responses’ are depends on the nature of the stimulus, i.e. rewarding or pain giving. Here, the learner is considered as a system that has the capability to respond to a stimulus and the learner is passive. The definition that emerged from the ...

Introduction Conditioning refers to the process whereby predictable response is made from neurological patterns that have been established through reinforcement. Classical conditioning also called Pavlovian conditioning is one of the most influential conditional theories in Psychology (Bergin &Bergin, 2012). It was put forward by the Russian physiologist Ivan Pavlov in the 20th century. It is based on the association between environmental stimulus and unlearned or naturally occurring stimulus. Classical conditioning can be used to explain my childhood fear for people dressed in nursing gear. There are four basic components of classical conditioning namely; unconditioned stimulus, unconditioned response, conditioned stimulus ...

Classical Conditioning

The pioneering brain behind classical conditioning was a Russian physiologist, Ivan Pavlov (1849-1936), who identified this type of learning while working with dogs; a discovery that would later win him tremendous international accolades and knighthood. Pavlov’s classical conditioning has since become monumental in learning with most scholars perceiving it as a fundamental form of learning. This type of learning is at times called Pavlovian learning or conditioning in honor to the exemplary work that Ivan Pavlov did.

Pavlov was researching on the digestive system in dogs where he developed a surgical procedure for implanting fistula tubes into living animals to enable him ...

Introduction

Conditioning can be defined as the arrangement of two or more incidences characterized experimentally via separate chronological relationship. Learning takes place at the behavioral, cognitive and neural levels with four crucial phenomena that are caused by conditioning (Kalat, 2011). This paper seeks to explain the meaning of these phenomena and show how they would exhibit themselves in human beings.
The four basic learning phenomena that take place due to conditioning are acquisition, extinction, generalization, and discrimination (Kalat, 2011). Acquisition refers to the advancement of a conditioned reply consequent to conditioned stimulus (CS) and unconditioned stimulus (US) experiments (Kalat, 2011). ...