Essays on Ancient Rome

Evolution from Hunting and Gathering to an Agricultural Society

The Neolithic Revolution is also known as the Neolithic Demographic Transition. Data indicate that this began about 12,500 years ago. People formed communities and they developed settlements as they began to domesticate certain species of plants (Tignor, 23). This “revolution” occurred in several places around the world. The earliest revolution occurred in the Fertile Crescent area of Mesopotamia between 10,000 to 8,000 BC, in the Kuk Early Agricultural Site of Melanesia at about 8000 BC, and in Subsaharan Africa at about 2500 BC. One theory that is used to explain this phenomenon is that agriculture was ...

Before Rome became the glorious icon of power in the ancient European region, there was an ancient culture that ruled over them: this culture – has in modern times – been referred to as the Etruscan civilization. The Etruscan people ruled over much of what today is Italy. In fact, the most notable area named after the Etruscan people is known as Tuscany in Europe. So where did they originate from? Here’s the kicker though: nobody really knows where the Etruscan people originated from. Theories have been put forth by various scholars both ancient and contemporary, to trace the origin ...

[Economics]

However, if you take a look at the history of the development of banking, the first evidence of some kind of bank prototype was seen in XII century in Genoa. In Italy at that time there were lots of bankers – money-changers who put their coins on the table. Originally, bankers in the XIII century, mostly known as Lombards, gradually outweighed the Jews who were proficient in money-landing. The Italians brought in business skills, enhanced by their invention of double-entry book-keeping. Such cities, like Milan, Genoa, Siena and Lucca earned much earnings from this new trade. However, Florence took ...

Introduction

During the early centuries of Christianity, an era of official persecution of the Christians, not only was the church and state separated, but also opposed. This essay will describe the connection that prevails between church and state from the ancient times in relation to the present times. In so doing, it will show the various shifts historically and in the current world of the state having influence over religion and religion having the upper hand over the state and the current attempts to bring a separation between the two parties. This sense of antagonism can be well edified with ...

The roman wars fought between the 500-275BC were justified by the need for security. Essentially, the general strike of the plebeians preceded the threats of making a new city that impacted procedural changes determined by the patricians that lead to cancelling of debts and release of imprisoned people (Faulkner 24). The plebeians gained more influence and command between the 494-287 BC inclusive of a recognition named as the Concilium Plebis (Sands and Scher 36). One consul was assigned to the plebeians in the 367 BC after a long struggle. The plebian powers developed later as the comitia tribute developing ...

[Economics]

The emergence of banks and bakings is associated with a need for intermediary market activities of exchange and sharing of values, which served the function of money in exchange and trading operations. The need for the establishment of banking amplified simultaneously with the development and expansion of trade in the world. The emergence of money as an absolutely unique commodity converted the primitive barter mechanism into circulation of goods trough purchases and sales. In ancient Greece the bankers were called “trapezyty”. Most of them originally was considered to be either foreigners or freed slaves, who later became citizens. ...

Rise and fall of the Greek and Roman civilization

Throughout the ages of civilizations have risen and fallen. The rise and fall of a civilization is attributable to the loss and gain of a unique economic advantage it held over other civilizations. The Greek and Roman Empires form a formidable part of modern day civilization and worldviews. The major aim of this research is to present the differences in the Greek and Roman civilization. In addition, the papers offers insight into lessons that modern society should learn from the rise and fall of the Greek and Roman civilization.

The Greek civilization

The scope of Greek civilization varied over the ages because each era had ...

The philosophy of Epicureanism was founded around 307 BC and it was based upon the teachings of Epicurus, a Greek philosopher. The philosophy of Epicureanism was that pleasure was the greatest good and the means of doing so were by leading a modest life, knowing the limits of one’s desires, understanding the workings of the world as well as through friendship. By doing so, a person would achieve a state of tranquility (ataraxia) and be free from fear as well as physical pain (aponia). Hermarchus carried on the philosophy of Epicurus and also headed his school after his demise. The existing writing ...