Essays on Carbidopa

Parkinson’s disease lacks a cure but certain medicines can help manage the symptoms. These medications function to offer a substitute for dopamine, the signaling neurotransmitter in the brain. Carbidopa-levodopa is hitherto the most effective medicine to manage Parkinson’s disease. This chemical moves to the brain and is converted to dopamine. The chemical levodopa is mixed with carbidopa preventing it from being converted to dopamine prematurely out of the brain hence potential side effects such as nausea are lessened. Potential side effects with this medication however include orthostatic hypotension or feeling light headed and nausea. With continued use ...

John Magill is a 75-year-old male with Parkinson’s disease, which he was diagnosed with five years ago. John was admitted to the hospital after falling at home. The physical examination revealed bruising on John’s hips and buttocks, as well as a tear on the right hip, but the X-ray did not reveal fractures in the lower extremities. The emergency department noted generalised tremor, decreased mobility, signs of confusion, agitation, and restlessness. The assessment of John’s vital signs showed that most measures are within expected ranges for an elderly person (temperature 37.2; respiratory rate 24; heart rate ...

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Introduction

Parkinson Disease (PD) is a very complicated neurodegenerative condition including the motor and non-motor manifestations that lead to neuronal loss. Currently, only symptomatic therapies are available but nothing is known yet to prevent this degenerative process. This is a multi-factorial condition with multiple risk factors that includes increasing age, genetic vulnerability, and environmental determinants. All these factors mutually play a role in the pathogenic process of PD. Medical sciences have achieved major advances in understanding the process working behind PD development that are Nigral Dopaminergic Apoptosis, Protein ...