Essays on Occupational Segregation

As much as there has been the creation of employment opportunities massively generated by the oil industry in the Middle East and North African nations, there are still significant disparities on the level of women participation in the labor force as noted by Massoud and Moghadam (53). These disparities have been attributed to various factors, but the most outstanding reasons have remained to be two-fold; first, the traditional gender paradigm characterized by patriarchy play a significant role accompanied by occupational segregation which is mainly defined by disparities in the income level. This thesis paper explores the validity of the ...

Question/Problem Definition

Equal pay is one of the most pertinent issues in labor laws and regulation. Most governments across the globe have institutionalized legislation that aim to safeguard their citizens and ensure that they are well compensated for their talents regardless of their origin, race, gender and other distinguishing characteristics. However, this is not usually the case. In spite of having such laws, the labor market especially the private sector is far from realizing and implementing equal pay. The state is even worse in developing countries where most women employees do not earn even half as much as their male counterparts ...

Introduction

In recent years, the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region has taken a considerable change in terms of women's employment. However, while admirable changes are taken to bridge the gender wage gap, women in the labor sector remain to be at a disadvantage. It was observed that a majority of the MENA countries has sensibly capitalized in providing better education to women, yet most of these states have not tapped fully into the women’s labor force for improved economic growth. This demonstrates the gender-based discrimination that generally hinders women in the MENA region to impart their potential ...

Occupational segregation is one of the spheres where the fact that women’s skills and talents are often underestimated becomes obvious. Of course, the situation at workplaces concerning women’s equality with men has changed greatly in recent decades and this change has mostly been for the better. But in many aspects, especially financial ones, women are still lagging behind. Women face various problems when they try to find a well-paid job; when they are not promoted as fast as their male colleagues; and when they have to decide what they want or need more – successful careers or happy ...

Economic development, as scholars have cited, is synonymous with the concept of modernization (Diarsi 1996). Modernization and development refer to the progression of society from conservative opinions towards an inclusive and liberal approach where people enjoy equality irrespective of their gender or race. Modern society also assimilates the concept of a 'just' society where women have equal access to resources as their male counterparts and disparities regarding job opportunities, wages, and social status are either non-existent or negligible. Theoretically, modernization should be one of the automatic outcomes of economic development; however, practical examples may not testify this theoretical hypothesis. ...

The situation with women’s inequality has changed a lot in recent decades and mostly for the better. But for some reasons, most women are still lagging behind their men, especially financially. They experience problems in finding a good job; they have fewer hopes to be promoted as quickly as their male colleagues; their jobs are often lower paid; and they constantly have to make a choice between successful careers and their families. Therefore, it is obvious that the issue of occupational segregation is still in place and it requires special attention and thorough study in order to make ...

Introduction

Gender disparity is a common element in any society coupled with controversy and extensive debate due to the biological differences between men and women (Ridgeway, 2011, p.62). Are men and women equal despite these obvious differences? This is the major question posed by society in relation to gender equality. However, the dimensions of gender inequality offer valuable information in understanding this issue and identifying areas that require urgent attention. Social inequality is apparent in almost every society. Throughout many decades, women have been struggling to be equal to men. The purpose of this paper is to explore the inequalities ...

Earnings Differentials : Understanding the Gender Wage GapTerm Paper Workshop

In a May 2014 document released by the Bureau of Labor Statistics it was reported that although almost as many women as men are in the workforce (52% and 70.2%, respectively), males earn a higher median salary than females regardless of job type or race. Additionally, the most current census data show that women’s average earnings in the United States are only 71.3% of men’s (US Bureau of Labor Statistics, 2014). This difference in earnings between men and women is not exclusive to the United States; however, it has been noted to be one of the largest ...

The Changing Role of Women in America: Thesis Statement

Thesis: Women have long been considered second class citizens (if considered citizens at all!) throughout the course of American history. Often dismissed from history books, I feel that it is important to recognize the contributions of women to the American nature. By carefully analyzing important events, I endeavor to draw out examples of how women have helped shape our nation. By looking at gender roles one can determine how these roles played a part in the American society and how they have changed. I propose that women did indeed provide instrumental support in the development of the American nation and ...