Essays on Vestibular

Introduction

Migraine is a common type of headache disorder which is characterized by moderate to severe recurrent headache. Migraine headaches are generally severe and could last up to 3 days, wherein the pain affects half of the head but the pain is pulsating in nature. People with acute migraine headache may have suffer from sensitivity to light, vomiting, nausea, and sensitivity to smell and sound. In some cases, the pain may become severe and worsen after physical activity. In 1/3rd of patients with migraine, a short period of visual disturbance or aura occurs which is an indication that the pain ...

Vestibular Projections

Vestibular projections in the central nervous system consist of vestibular end organs which communicate with the brain stem and the cerebellum via the vestibular branch of the eighth cranial nerve. These nerves are also connected to the auditory fibers. Thus damage caused to these structures can cause both vestibular and auditory disturbances. The vital function of the vestibular system is to coordinate head and eye movements. The ability of the eye to stay focused on an object even while the head is moving is brought about by the vestibular system.

Vestibular Cochlear Nerve

The vestibulo cochlear nerve or the auditory nerve is ...

Phobia is an irrational uncontrollable fear, persistent manifestations of various fears. Traditionally, fear is an ancient companion of humankind. Most scientists believe that the feeling of fear is common to all higher animals, and, to a larger extent, to human beings with their finely developed psyche (Popescu 2013), 406. But if an animal can only be afraid of specific dangers, then a human being thanks to his imagination and the ability to analyze the environment has learnt to experience fear ahead of time (Popescu 2013), 406. What are people afraid of? Of course, each person has various reasons to ...

A. The human cerebral cortex is divided into three main areas: sensory, motor and associated areas (Association Cortex, 2016). Sensory areas belong to the peripheral nervous system. They extend from the spinal cord to the receptor cells located in all parts of the body. The primary function of sensory area to carry impulses from the receptor cells to the brain for interpretation. These impulses can be those of sensations like touch, pain, smell, taste and sight. The motor area or the primary motor cortex is located in the interior part of the brain at the central sulcus. Its pyramidal ...

A. An anticholinergic is a drug used in the treatment of diseases such as asthma, muscular spasms, insomnia and gastrointestinal cramps (Healthline, 2016). The drug is also used with anesthetics as it inhibits the action of parasympathetic nerve impulses by preventing acetylcholine reaching the receptor cells of nerve impulses. This may lead to memory loss, confusion, drowsiness and even sedation. These effects are more pronounced in old-aged people. Loss of muscular strength and fainting is a symptom which could be seen in the patient. Use of anticholinergic drugs is not recommended for patients with conditions like glaucoma, hyperthyroidism, heart ...