Essays on Nuclei

Question #1: Graphical illustration of energy changes during the formation of the nucleus in homogeneous solidification phenomenon.

The solidification phenomenon of a metal starts with the formation of nuclei in a liquid melt, the nuclei forms a stable nuclei in the same melt, and finally formation of the solidified structure of grained crystals. The structure is illustrated in the following diagrams. Figure 1. Solidification process

Question #2: Comparison between homogeneous and heterogeneous nucleation

In the homogenous nucleation, the nuclei are synthesized from metal solidifying atoms. In heterogeneous nucleation, the nucleating agents are the impurity atoms as well as the container surfaces

Question #3: Production of large silicon single crystals

The large silicon single crystals are generated by the use of pure silicon seed crystals in a silicon melt in the Czochralski process.

Question #4: What are a metal alloy and solid solution?

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Abstract

The study of tiny particles and their applications have emerged as an important area of research in recent years. In particular, magnetic nanoparticles have attracted considerable attention due to their unique properties that make the particles useful in numerous applications. Accordingly, the present review investigates the synthesis, characterization, and biomedical applications of magnetic nanoparticles. The introduction section examines recent advances in nanotechnology and explains the significance of magnetic nanoparticles in scientific research. The section on results and discussion presents the findings of various researchers with a focus on the magnetic properties, synthesis, characterization, and biomedical applications of magnetic nanoparticles. ...

There are six stages in the life cycle of a mitotic cell which include interphase and cytokinesis. The mitosis stage is divided into four other sub stages. Mr. Interphase performs various functions such as the cellular respiration, photosynthesis and protein synthesis in preparation to undergo the Mitosis stage. Mr. Mitosis has four witnesses, Prophase who helped nuclear membrane disappear into the genetic material. The other witness, Metaphase, makes the alignment of the chromosomes. Anaphase helps in centralizing the chromosomes and changing them from being x-shaped (Rieder, 17). The last witness created the new component of nuclei with their new ...

Question 1

Angiosperms can be dioecious or monoecious and they go through sexual production (Raghavan, 1999). Angiosperm flowers are considered to be hermaphroditic or androgynous because the same flower contains both female and male gametophytes. However, angiosperm flowers with only female gametophytes are incomplete and considered to be either a carpellate flower containing only female parts or a staminate flower containing only male structures. The male reproductive structure of the angiosperms is known as andoecium. The anthers that are found in the stamens of the angiosperms contain pollen sacks, which have the microsporocytes. The cells go through a process known as ...

What are the female reproductive parts of the angiosperm flower?

The female reproductive parts of a flower include the stigma, the ovary, and the style. Their collective name is normally referred to as carpel. a flower may be composed of one or several pistils. For reproduction to occur, all these parts play an important role. The stigma is the female part of a flower that receives pollen grains. It normally has a sticky surface to enable pollen grain to stick and germinate on it. There are several shapes of the stigma. The different shapes enable them to be well adapted to their role in reproduction. Some of the shapes ...

Vestibular Projections

Vestibular projections in the central nervous system consist of vestibular end organs which communicate with the brain stem and the cerebellum via the vestibular branch of the eighth cranial nerve. These nerves are also connected to the auditory fibers. Thus damage caused to these structures can cause both vestibular and auditory disturbances. The vital function of the vestibular system is to coordinate head and eye movements. The ability of the eye to stay focused on an object even while the head is moving is brought about by the vestibular system.

Vestibular Cochlear Nerve

The vestibulo cochlear nerve or the auditory nerve is ...

Biomolecules serve different functions in a cell. The three major classes of biomolecules in the cell are: proteins, nuclei acids and carbohydrates. These molecular structures serve nearly similar functions in most organisms. Though the function of protein in forming cell architecture, signaling and communication is well known, little is known about the role of carbohydrate in communication. Nevertheless, it goes un-denying that carbohydrates are indispensable for cellular communication and signaling, just like proteins and nucleic acids. The paper titled, Carbohydrates in Cell Recognition, by the authors Nathan Sharon and Halina Lis, is a good review that elucidates the significance ...

English astronomer W. Herschel discovered planetary nebulae in about 1783. Nebulae received the name "planetary" on account of their external similarity with the images of distant planets, light wheels of which are different from the point images of the stars. “A planetary nebula is a beautiful object created during the final stages of the life of a star whose birth mass was between 1 and 8 solar masses” (“Planetary Nebulae”). A planetary nebula is an astronomical object consisting of an ionized gas shell and the central star, a white dwarf. All planetary nebulae originate from stars that are in ...

Abstract

This examination paper acknowledges the spectacular diversity of reproductive adaptations for survival of various categories of land plants. It describes a typical life cycle of a land plant that reproduces via spores. It also identifies the different parts of Plant organs and their functions such as cell organelles, parts of a land plant, and epidermal cells. A microscope is an important tool for examination of biological specimens, including cell’s internal structures called organelle and is important in magnifying the focused area. Plants are classified into four main groups, namely, ferns, mosses, flowering and confers. This paper finds that ...

Tissue Staining

Q.7 Epithelium covers body surfaces, lines hollow organs and also forms gland. They serve as protective covers to the underlying tissues and prevents harm caused by physical, chemical and biological agents, to a significant extent. In addition, they also act as barriers, allowing the selected entry and exit of substances across the epithelium. The glandular epithelium has secretory function. Example: Epithelium of the pancreas, stomach, intestine, kidney. The epithelium lining the stomach and intestine help to absorb nutrients. (Henrikson, Kaye and Mazurkiewicz,1997) Q1. Micrograph A : Simple cuboidal epithelium. The cube shape of the cells and the centrally ...

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Introduction

Parkinson Disease (PD) is a very complicated neurodegenerative condition including the motor and non-motor manifestations that lead to neuronal loss. Currently, only symptomatic therapies are available but nothing is known yet to prevent this degenerative process. This is a multi-factorial condition with multiple risk factors that includes increasing age, genetic vulnerability, and environmental determinants. All these factors mutually play a role in the pathogenic process of PD. Medical sciences have achieved major advances in understanding the process working behind PD development that are Nigral Dopaminergic Apoptosis, Protein ...

Abstract

This paper discusses how exercise stimulates the release of growth hormone. Older people tend to have lower levels of the hormone. As a result, mechanisms have been formulated to help deal with the deficiency which includes inducing the growth hormone into the individual’s body. This, therefore, leads to the discussion of the exact mechanism through which the growth hormone facilitates exercise, maintains growth and repair of worn out muscles or even reverses the aging process among the aged. Also, the functions of IGF-I binding proteins during exercise and its importance in aiding the release of the GH is ...

Assignment about MRI Physics

The magnetic moment is considered as a vector quantity whose direction is perpendicular to the current loop in a right-hand-rule direction. The magnetic moment of nuclei are the magnetic moment of the nucleus that arises from a spin of protons and neutrons. A magnetic moment of nuclei is dipole moment – the quadrupole moment causes a shift in the hyperfine structure (Mangrum, 2012). Nuclei with non-zero spin have a non-zero magnetic moment while that have zero spins have zero magnetic moments. Different isotopes of an element have a different nuclei magnetic moment. A nucleus with an even number of protons ...

Gravitational, electromagnetic, strong and weak nuclear forces. Gravitational force is an attraction between any two pieces of matter in the universe. Electromagnetic force is present in pieces of matter, which are able to carry electrical charge. Strong force is holding the nuclei of atoms together. Weak force is responsible for radioactive decay. Molecules are built from the atoms and atoms consist of protons, neutrons and electrons. Protons and neutrons are built of smaller particles called quarks. Electromagnetic spectrum is the range of all the light in the universe. Depending on the wavelength and frequency there are radio, micro, infrared, ...

Re: extended definition of solar power and nuclear power

Purpose This memo is an extended definition of solar power and nuclear power as sources of energy. Introduction Solar power is energy from the sun. This energy is harnessed by collecting sunlight and converting it to electricity (Winter et al. 4). The cells found in the solar panels make this conversion possible. The conversion of sunlight to electricity can either be done indirectly by the use of a concentrated solar panel or directly by use of the photovoltaic cell. Nuclear power, on the other hand, utilizes nuclear reactions to produce nuclear energy (Murray 495). This energy is found in ...

For far too long, humanity has been content with unquestioned faith in subjective knowledge passed down from generation to generation. This has been especially true on issues regarding the origins of our species and, indeed, the universe. However, in the last 100 years, a new culture has emerged. A culture rooted in the ideals espoused by such trailblazers as Bertrand Russell; a belief in scientific understanding of the world we live in and veneration of acquisition of knowledge. The human race is no longer content with fables and fairy tales. We want to know how, when and why our universe came ...

Introduction

Unstable nuclei give rise to radioactive isotopes. Although there is a general belief that these isotopes are because of human activities quite a number occur naturally. Most of the radiations that we receive on earth have natural sources. The cosmic rays originate from space and other radioactive isotopes and we expose ourselves to daily. The most significant aspects of these radiations are their ability to transmit energy in terms of waves. The various forms of radiations include the visible light, radio waves and microwaves, which do not have to carry with them enough energy to ionize. Ionizing radiations are the ones, ...