Essays on Reflex

Abstract

The immune and nervous systems are two body structures that have different functions. Moreover, most people may not be able to readily identify the and the relationship between these two. While the immune system is responsible in protecting the body from destructive and invading pathogens, the nervous system is tasked to relay information to the brain. This process allows for the proper coordination of the different functions of the body. In general, the concept of the connection between the nervous and the immune systems stems from the theoretical idea of stress. Stress is denoted both as a physiological and ...

Vestibular Projections

Vestibular projections in the central nervous system consist of vestibular end organs which communicate with the brain stem and the cerebellum via the vestibular branch of the eighth cranial nerve. These nerves are also connected to the auditory fibers. Thus damage caused to these structures can cause both vestibular and auditory disturbances. The vital function of the vestibular system is to coordinate head and eye movements. The ability of the eye to stay focused on an object even while the head is moving is brought about by the vestibular system.

Vestibular Cochlear Nerve

The vestibulo cochlear nerve or the auditory nerve is ...

Abstract

The study uses the Posner paradigm to determine whether the condition of the cue can affect the reaction time of the subject. Most importantly is that the eye movement was prohibited. Using the data of 143 subjects, the ANOVA method and Bonferroni corrections, we have found out that the condition does influence the reaction time, however the difference between the cues is not significant Nonetheless the reaction time was far off from the target 100 ms due to inexperience and not understanding of the task set before the subjects. The results of the study have shown us two processes ...

Understanding one’s behavior is essential to the maintenance of proper communication channels. In fact, lack thereof compromises the possibilities of understanding the actions of individuals lacking the capacity to express themselves vocally. In many cases, verbal communication does not fulfill all the interaction requirements, therefore, creating the need to appreciate the essential concepts of behavioral psychology. Specifically, the operant and classical conditioning are essential concepts that seek to explain the nature of the behavior of people and animals. A Russian psychologist, Ivan Pavlov, first proposed classical conditioning and it emphasizes the placement of a neutral action before a ...

Ivan Pavlov was born in Ryazan, Russia, in the year of 1849, in the family of the Orthodox priest. In 1875, he graduated from the University in St. Petersburg with the Life Sciences degree. After graduation, Pavlov studied medicine and was admitted to the Institute which specialized in Veterinary. He was in Germany and Belarus. There he was making experiments in the laboratories, researching digestion. But after coming back to Russia he began to study glandular secretions. His experiment animal was the dog. Pavlov applies surgical techniques to those dogs that is why it was difficult to make the ...

Based on the initial symptoms, the patient most likely suffers from hypothyroidism or low thyroid hormone disorder. Further clinical tests and an examination of the family’s medical history reveals that the particular disorder could be Hashimoto’s disease; also called Hashimoto thyroiditis. Hashimoto thyroiditis is classified as an autoimmune disease. In autoimmune disease, one's immune system attacks the body’s tissue specifically the thyroid gland (Skugor & Wilder, 2006, p.2). By attacking the thyroid gland, the disease reduces the gland’s ability to produce thyroid hormones of substantial quantity. This condition leads to hypothyroidism. Thyroid hormone deficiency presents with ...

How to address the appointment with Chloe

Children, especially toddlers suffer from many complications that physicians find difficult to establish because the victims cannot express themselves. A health professional presented with the case of a young child uses available literature and professional skills to plan for the patient’s appointment. One of the most common examinations used by doctors to diagnose children with developmental problems like Chloe is neurological examination. The doctor examines the child’s nervous system that includes the brain, the spinal cord, and the nervous systems originating and ending at these sections (Dulac, Lassonde & Sarnat, 2013). Chloe presented some clinical symptoms and medical ...

Patterns of development can be referred to as the emotional, psychological and biological changes that happen in human beings from birth and until the end of adolescence stage (Shaw et al. 677). It is a perpetual process with foreseeable sequences though it is valuable for every child. Typically patterns of development do not advance at an even rate, and every stage is impacted by the previous type of development. Development in human beings occurs due to genetic factors leading to maturation. Also, learning and environmental factors play a role in the development of children. Typically, the first five years ...

Abstract

Despite the fact that many organizations have embraced the new management strategies in reflexivity, there are still countless issues in the same regard. It is also vital to remember that for an entity to remain competitive in the market, it must formulate workable management strategies. In this survey, it is demonstrated that it is the sole responsibility of the reflexive managers to make sure that there is a flow of communication pattern in the company. The models include the research the organization undertakes to understand the ethnography behind the rationale of self-reflexivity. The structures of the society still control ...

Biology

Abstract This is a practical report on human physiology EMG. The experiment recruited 85 subjects to examine the level of the signal emanating from muscle contraction in the lab. Some of the participants were left-handed while some were right handed. Males and females with varying levels of activity were recruited. The results indicated that more males exhibited maximal compression force than females as attested by the higher numbers that returned quickly to half the clench force. The level of activity of the participants positively correlated to slow return to half of the maximal compression force and reduced signs of ...

From when a baby is born the process of development begins. There are many stages, all which can vary in age from child to child. A baby’s reflexes are what start this whole process off.

Primitive reflexes stem from the central nervous system. They are shown in normal infants in reaction to certain stimuli. As a child moves through normal development the frontal lobes inhibit these reflexes.

Primary reflexes develop while a foetus is still in the womb and are vital for it to survive as a newborn. Without, for example, rooting and sucking reflexes, a baby would be unable to feed normally.

...

The brain regulates the choice of a person to be physically active. Stimuli from the environment and from the tissues excite receptors and nerves which in turn excite the muscles. The central nervous system has three general areas that are associated with the complexity of the movement and the familiarity of the various stimuli. The areas include the spinal cord which handles simple reflex actions, the lower brain which organizes more complex responses while the cerebral cortex controls the most complicated responses and stores general motor programs. The spinal cord consists of two-way tracks of nerve fibers which carries both ...