Essays on Brain Stem

1. Biot’s respiration named after Camille Biot is an abnormal ataxic breathing pattern, where rapid series of shallow respiration are followed by a period of apnea. In order to known how AMP kinase, knock down leads to Biot respiration in mice; it is necessary to known how AMP kinase affects respiratory rate. AMP kinase is a metabolic sensor and is activated in response to stretching of the lung alveolar cells and other stressors. During respiration, the lung goes through cycles of expansion and contraction (Budinger et al., 2008). When the alveolar cells stretch during expansion, the 5′ AMP-activated ...

The human brain is the most complex part of the human body that is very hard to understand. Our brains behave in a way that neuroscientists and psychologists have never understood. Its ability to control body functions and consciousness is one of the most challenging section that these individuals are still struggling to figure out. The human brain capacity of 1350 cc and it is made up of a very complex network of neurons that develop during the last three months of development (The Function of the Human Brain, 2016). The way we perceive the world around us is ...

Describe the underlying pathology of COPD and the common pathological characteristics of the condition. Discuss the impact these pathological changes have on normal function, including how alveolar ventilation might be different in Mr Wenham compared to a normal individual. The hallmark pathological attributes of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are one, poorly reversible airflow obstruction and two, a progressive atypical inflammatory response within the lungs. The abnormal inflammatory response denotes the responses of the innate and adaptive immune systems to long-standing exposure to noxious gases and particles especially cigarette smoke. Notably, all cigarette smokers have some degree of inflammation ...

Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) is a sudden death of apparently healthy child aged up to 1 year as a result of cessation of breathing and heart failure, the cause of which cannot be established at the mortem expertise. Sometimes the syndrome is called as “death at the crib” or death for no reason. However, there are causes or risk factors for the development of this poorly studied phenomenon, and the parents, eliminating them from their life, can save the life and health of the child. SIDS is not a disease; it is a posthumous diagnosis that is exhibited ...

What is organ donation?

Organ donation is the voluntary giving of an organ or tissue so as to help someone who needs them or whose organs have failed. Organ donation is normally done to save or enhance other people’s lives. Donating one’s organ is an act of generosity and any willing donor will be informed about the procedure and will be thanked for their actions to save humanity.

History of organ donation

Organ transplant experiments on humans and animals can be traced back to the 18th century. Scientists tried to transplant body organs on both animals and humans, but the experiments failed terribly. But not ...