Essays on Carvedilol

Heart failure is mostly described as a chronicle disease where the heart is unable to pump the blood sufficiently to the body, with other terms like congestive cardiac failure often been used interchangeably. Some of the symptoms are leg swelling, excessive tiredness and breath shortness. Breath shortage is mostly the worse since lying down and sleeping at night is difficult. Most of the common causes that lead to heart failure are blood pressure, atrial fibrillation and valvular heart disease. These causes lead to failure in functioning of the heart structure mainly due to left ventricular and fain normal ejection fraction. ...

Introduction

Congestive heart failure is a condition whereby the heart is not able to pump enough oxygenated blood to the body (Kulick & Shiel, 2013). It is a common heart condition which is experienced all over the world. People with kidney, liver or lung problems are more predisposed to the condition than people without those problems. It can be a fatal disease if not carefully managed. Patients with congestive heart failure usually have to undergo a lot of treatment procedures to avoid fatalities. Nursing care can be administered at home for cases that are not severe. There are a variety of drugs used in treating congestive ...

- Abstract Cardiovascular diseases such as heart failure are some of the leading causes of mortality and morbidity with Australia being one of the country’s most greatly affected (McLean, Esclick & Coats, 2006). An area of interest in the pathology of heart failure is the significance that polymorphisms of adrenergic receptor genes have on the outcomes of patients with heart failure. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms or SNPs that occur in the genes that encode for adrenergic receptors are known to have various physiological and functional consequences. Specifically, the β1-adrenergic receptors have a crucial role in the regulation of heart rate and ...