Essays on Neoplasia

Literature Review:

Factors and predictors of persistent lesion (positive hr-HPV DNA test or abnormal cytology) after treatment of high grade cervical intraepithelial Neoplasia with large loop excision of transformation zone (LLETZ) {Author Name} {Institution Affiliation}

Introduction

The Human Papillomavirus (HPV) infection is the primary factor that increases the risk of the cervical cancer development and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) in the uterine cervix (Soderlund-Strand et al., 2014). Approximately 150 diverse types of HPV have been discovered, and most of them are carcinogenic. Persistent infections of high-risk HPV must lead to the development of high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN 2 and 3), and ...

In 2012, the USPSTF (United States Preventive Services Task Force) set up new guidelines for the nursing practitioners and other medical officers to follow in practice of cervical cancer screening. The screening helps most women in the early detection and cure of cervical cancer, which may accelerate and cause serious aggregate problems in the future. Women received the new regulations differently with most women interpreting the move to mean reduced frequency of pap smears and delayed first screening for cancer (Plescia, Richardson and Joseph, 2012). However, the implications of the recommendations mean reduced strain for women at average risk ...

Immunohistochemistry

Introduction The Human Papilloma virus (HPV) is an extremely common group of viruses that are found worldwide. There are more than 100 types of HPV worldwide. 13 types of HPV are associated with cancer. They are also termed as high risk type. (WHO, 2013). HPV is transmitted through sexual contact. More than 90% of cases are infected shortly after sexual activity. Cervical cancer is associated with HPV infection that are acquired through sexual contact. 70% of cervical cancer cases are caused by two types of HPV. HPV 16 and HPV 18 are the two strains associated with cervical ...

The URMC has a physical setting that provides diversity to the center’s activities. To begin with, the center has an educational setting for therapists, which is offered by the Occupational Therapy Department in the facility. The center has facilities for adult inpatients and outpatients as well as areas for rehabilitation and pediatric care (Moyer & Elliot, 2008). Furthermore, the medical center has laboratory rooms where clinical research activities involving things like concept development, assessment, quality assurance and implementation can be conducted. Through the clinical research conducted in the laboratories that support complex and large studies including a number of clinical trials, ...

Abstract

Renal cell carcinoma is a devastating disease that oftentimes results in a poor prognosis because there are few effective chemotherapeutic options. The renal carcinoma cell line 769-P is an ideal in vitro model for investigating novel drug treatments for renal cell carcinoma. Two drugs that may potentially reduce renal cell carcinoma proliferation are Actinomycin D and phorbol 12-myristate 13 acetate (PMA). Both of these drugs have been shown to inhibit cell proliferation in other in vitro models of cancer. This study examined the effects of Actinomycin D and PMA treatment on the proliferation of 769-P cells. Cell viability studies indicate that ...

Discussion Questions

Response to Question 1 A diagnosis of cancer in any patient brings to the fore a host of emotions. It usually activates the patient's worst health fears. A diagnosis of cancer in any patient may bring up emotions like fear, anxiety and a feeling of isolation (National Cancer Institute, 2012). The patient is eager to know many things about their condition. Adjustment to cancer is arguably one of the most difficult and most stressful periods of most people's lives (Melchor-Beaurpe 2008). A poorly differentiated cancer cell is a pointer to the fact that the cancer cell is a rapidly dividing cell. ...