Essays on HPV

Slide 1

The vaccine helps prevent the contraction of the disease and it is important for people to take it. HPV is not a common virus, and those infected may not even know that they have been infected with the virus. In most cases it does go away on its own, but when it does not it causes cancer and genital warts. The real problem is that even with the vaccine present, there seems to be a prevalence of the virus. HPV can cause cervical cancer and it is important that parents embrace the change about the vaccine.

Slide 2

A lack of education among ...

Cancer antigen 125 (CA125), which is encoded by MUC16, is the only biomarker currently used for immunohistochemical diagnosis of ovarian cancer (Tanyi and Scholler 1098). Literature suggests that 80% of the patients with ovarian cancer express CA125. The expression pattern is different among the different kinds of ovarian cancer; 85% in serous ovarian cancer, 12% in mucinous cancer and 40% in clear cell carcinoma (Tanyi and Scholler 1098; Kaspar and Crum 44), which helps in differential diagnosis.

Differential diagnosis among various types of ovarian cancer. There are five types of primary ovarian ...

Introduction

If a person has sex, they may also have a sexually transmitted disease, with restrained or perceptible signs. Sexually transmitted diseases (STD), also known as venereal diseases (VD), are diseases that transmit significantly between humans through human sexual behavior, containing vaginal intercourse, and other forms. More recently the term sexually transmitted infections (STIs) has begun to be preferred, as it covers a broader range of meaning; an individual may be infected, and may possibly infect others, without having a disease.

Some STDs can also be communicated through the use of IV used drug needles between an infected person and non-infected person, over ...

Cervical cancer presentation to educate the population

It is important to understand firstly that this disease topic of the presentation is the second most common cause of cancer death among the women globally. As a result of this, it is of great importance to consider the development of new diagnostic methods, prognosis and newer treatment strategies that could help in achieving a decline in the incidence and prevalence of the condition. Despite the fact that there are surgical methods and chemoradiotherapy methods that can be aided to cure up to 80%-95% of women affected by the condition especially in the early stages, there are reports of increasing ...

Human Papillomavirus (HPV) is one of the members of Papillomavirus family. These viruses infected the stratified epithelium of the mucous membrane or the skin (Schiffman, et al, 2003, p.1). Statistics indicate that around 20 million people are currently living with HPV. More than 50% of the sexually active people are likely to get infected with HPV. Prevalence studies have found that around 6.2 million Americans get infected with the HPV every year (Battle, 2009, p. 374). In women it has been found that about 70.9% of all cervical cancers are caused by HPV (Type 16 and 18) alone. HPV ...

Factors such as race, sex and age may be significant benchmarks in the analysis or understanding of epidemiological details such as incidence and mortality rates of oral cancer.1 For instance, the incidence and mortality rates in men are twice more than in women.1 Based on race, African American males have a higher incidence rate than White males.1 This also applies between a comparison between African American females and White females respectively. Despite the occurrence of new cases of oral cancer, the overall incidence rate trend over the last 30 years has been declining.2 The incidence rate of oral cancer among ...

Idea # 1: Narrative addressing barriers to colorectal screening

This narrative has been used to intervene in the process of promoting the colorectal screening of cancer disease. Recruitment of participants, whose age ranges between 49 to 60 years has been done to investigate the claims made by renowned researchers, that there is an overestimate of barriers towards cancer screening but the results are not universally satisfactory . I propose that there be a categorical and random allocation of one-half of the recruits to encode the message, the results will be conclude that barriers to screening be predicted to have a minimal barrier in the near future.

Idea # 2: Examining HPV Threat-to-Efficacy Ratios in the Extended Parallel Process Model

The research model postulates that ...

The Periodontal department in the Federal and Guarulhos universities conducted research on the prevalence of human papillomavirus in gingival tissue. During that period, human papillomavirus had been detected in several lesions such as condyloma acuminatum and focal epithelial. It was also suspected that HPV could be the cause of periodontal breakdown. The debris of the virus was the periodontal tissue. This led to the investigation of incidences of HPV-16 in the Brazilian gingival tissue. Several methods and materials were used to carry out the study. The samples were obtained from 104 participants. There were 56 cases with adverse ...

In 2012, the USPSTF (United States Preventive Services Task Force) set up new guidelines for the nursing practitioners and other medical officers to follow in practice of cervical cancer screening. The screening helps most women in the early detection and cure of cervical cancer, which may accelerate and cause serious aggregate problems in the future. Women received the new regulations differently with most women interpreting the move to mean reduced frequency of pap smears and delayed first screening for cancer (Plescia, Richardson and Joseph, 2012). However, the implications of the recommendations mean reduced strain for women at average risk ...

Introduction

The governor of the state of Texas Rick Perry authorizes availability of the HPV vaccine that will be dispensed through the Texas Vaccines for Children program for suitable young girls up to 18 years of age. The health and Human Services Commission shall avail the vaccine to Medicaid-qualified young girls from age of 19 to 21.The rules concerning the administration of the vaccination program shall be based on the standards that the Health and Human Services Executive Commissioner uses during the admission to the sixth grade. The governor creates exclusive public awareness concerning the vaccine as he pushes the ...

Abstract

Medication errors are still experienced in clinical settings in spite of the current technological advancements. Nurses play a crucial role in the provision of care including medical therapy to patients. In line with this, they ought to be trained on how to avoid medication errors. In this paper, a case scenario in which a nurse administers wrong vaccines to two patients with similar names is assessed. In addition, it gives strategies that can be used to prevent the occurrence of such a medication error. Nursing leadership, minimization of communication barriers between patients and nurses, a decent duty delegation process and the championship of patients’ ...

Cervical cancer is among the leading causes of mortality in women. Cervical cancer was first mentioned by Hippocrates (Greece), he described the disease and found it incurable. With invention of colposcope by Dr Hinselmann in 1925, the doctors become able to examine the cervix and detect the early stages of cancer. Timely diagnostics allowed surgery interventions to be successful. In 1928, Georgios Papanikolaou improved cervical cancer diagnostics through enabling identification of cervical cells abnormalities. “Papanikolaou-smear” or “pap-smear”, based on liquid based cytology, after its inception (1943) became the widespread form of diagnostics of cervical cancer and preceeding abnormalities because ...

Literature Review

Obesity is associated with a higher risk of cancer death, specifically deaths caused by cervical cancer. According to Wee, Phillips, & McCarthy (2005), there are about 4000 deaths every year that are caused by cervical cancer leads despite the availability of outstanding screening tests that are available in the market to detect the disease. The article of Wee, et al., (2005) is important for the study since it will explain the fact that despite early stage detection screenings that were conducted, there is no guarantee that the preventive treatment will improve the survival of patients with cervical cancer (Wee, et al., ...

Relationships are hard. The divorce rate skyrockets yearly, alternative lifestyles such as gay marriage and polygamy/polygyny are under attack and more and more women are becoming single mothers. The work that goes into developing a long term, meaningful relationship necessitates that the relationship begins on a foundation of honest communication, and acceptance. Without these two selfless traits along with a willingness to struggle in the name of achieving a mutual goal, a relationship cannot work. Because we live in a society that does not value abstinence, the likelihood of contracting some type of STD/STI while engaging in unprotected sex is very high. “By the time ...

Immunohistochemistry

Introduction The Human Papilloma virus (HPV) is an extremely common group of viruses that are found worldwide. There are more than 100 types of HPV worldwide. 13 types of HPV are associated with cancer. They are also termed as high risk type. (WHO, 2013). HPV is transmitted through sexual contact. More than 90% of cases are infected shortly after sexual activity. Cervical cancer is associated with HPV infection that are acquired through sexual contact. 70% of cervical cancer cases are caused by two types of HPV. HPV 16 and HPV 18 are the two strains associated with cervical ...

Abstract

The purpose of this discussion is to determine the relationship between human papillomavirus type 16 and the incidence of cervical cancer in adult women. As such, prevalence and distribution of cervical cancer will be discussed, as will the current literature regarding the correlation between and potential causative effects of human papillomavirus type 16 on cervical cancer. Some of the studies examined in this discussion focus almost entirely on specific populations, but this discussion will focus on a more global, universal approach to the correlation between HPV-16 and cervical cancer. The literature reviewed in this discussion focuses primarily on discoveries and ...

Given the objective to determine how HPV infected adolescent females are affected by the perception of clinicians on cancer treatment options, research survey questions have been designed for the qualitative part of the study. These research questions were aligned to the hypothesis that radiation and chemotherapy are among the best options to treat females who are infected with HPV. Factors such as level of understanding about HPV and its relation to sexual activities along with those that influence the decision of clinicians regarding treatment options of infected adolescent females and how the health of adolescent females are compromised based ...

Introduction

The human papillomavirus (HPV) is from the papillomavirus family which infects the cells in the skin or the mucous membrane. HPV is a non-enveloped double stranded virus which carries its genetic code from early (E1-E7) and late (L1-L2) proteins. The early proteins promote viral replication while late proteins are responsible for structural support or capsids of proteins. Two viral oncogenes together with the non-structural early proteins (E6-E7) were associated to the transformation of the tumor from benign to malignant stage. The aforementioned proteins influence carcinogenesis by promoting both the retinoblastoma (Rb) and p53 proteins. These proteins regulate cell growth and ...

VaccinationsName

Vaccinations: A public health controversy What is vaccination? Immunization is the point at which an infection, or microorganisms, is deliberately managed to you (for the most part by infusion) so that your resistant framework can plan to battle a future contamination. The ideal approach to do this is to open your body to murdered or debilitated infections or microbes (or parts of them), that can't result in disease. How can it function? • Most antibodies hold a smidgen of an ailment germ that is powerless or dead. Antibodies do not hold the kind of germ that makes many debilitated. A few antibodies ...

Physicians’ prevalence of recommending HPV vaccine for adolescent males aged between 11 and 26

Constructing a conceptual framework for the study to investigate the prevalence of physicians to recommend HPV vaccines for males aged between 11 and 26 will require the identification of variables. These include variables that will be dependent on other variables and those that will be independent. In most occasions, independent variables are those that exist prior to a study while dependent variables are met while constructing the literature review of a research or study. It is important to note that conceptual frameworks are personal opinions that may or may not be provable through any means suitable for the purposes of the study ( ...

The topic for this presentation is the effects of HumanPapilloma Virus on adolescent females. According to the research, the possible effects of this virus include the prevalence of cancer, particularly anogenital and oropharyngeal cancers. Furthermore, the virus also results in the prevalence of external genital warts among adolescent females.

The research aims to inquire about the beliefs of clinicians regarding the treatment for HPV among adolescent females.

The hypothesis, formulated in this research, says that females with HPV can be treated through radiation and chemotherapy. The dependent variable in this research is HPV virus. The independent factors include race, geographic region, age of female adolescents, sexual relationships, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy. The method, which has ...

The primary effect of a breach in confidentiality in the healthcare field is a loss of trust in the patient-caregiver relationship (Erickson and Millar, 2005). Because trust between the patient and all medical caregivers including nurses is something that the medical profession wants to foster, there is an ethical duty for the caregiver to keep patient information confidential. In particular, there are several aspects of the patient-care giver relationship that are supported by the ethical duty to keep patient’s information confidential. First, the duty is upheld to allow patients to fully disclose information to medical personnel (Nathanson, 2000). With all ...

Abstract

The human papillomavirus (HPV) is a sexually transmitted virus that can cause cervical cancer. Despite the potentially deadly effects of the virus, there is very low awareness of HPV and its link to cervical cancer across the globe. Efforts to increase awareness of HPV and cervical cancer need to be implemented. In particular, a campaign should be launched to educate young women on the link between HPV and cervical cancer. Methods that could be used include asking all public health centers in the United States to increase awareness of HPV and educate their young female patients on HPV and HPV vaccinations. ...

Meaningful research which can be applied in real life situations is based on ethical conduct of researchers. The researchers have a duty to protect the study participants and to maintain confidentiality. Considerations of ethical research include informed consent from the participants, privacy, confidentiality, anonymity, and beneficence (Fouka & Mantrozorou, 2011). This paper evaluates the case of Sarita Kudumula, 13, whose parents learned she was participating in a Human Papiloma Virus (HPV) vaccine clinical trial after she died. HPV is a sexually transmitted virus that causes cervical cancer. Various vaccines have been developed against the virus and most are tested in India. Sarita ...

Hsu-Ko Kuo, MD, MPH,* Ken Fujise, MD†, Human Papillomavirus and Cardiovascular Disease Among U.S. Women in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2003 to 2006,Galveston, Texas. The study and all the information was obtained from this survey.This study was purposed to make an examination of the association between cardiovascular diseases and the human papillomavirus among the unites states women. The study was from a survey that was conducted by the national health and nutrition examination survey and was conducted for a period of three years from 2003 to 2006. The research was experimental as sample of participants had to ...

Introduction

This report is completed after a survey of cardiovascular and human papillomavirus disease that are found among the united states women.Reference The main source of this report is from the national health and nutrition examination survey that was conducted from 2003 to 2006.Kind of research The research was experimental as sample of participants had to be collected and then examined. Some test was conducted in order to now the real result of the expected research. From the data and result that were collected, a lot of analysis was done and conclusions reached at in a decisive manner. Purpose This ...

Introduction

Immunisation is a health procedure done on healthy persons that involves insertion of destabilized pathogens and other medical compounds into the bloodstream and cells of the healthy persons so as to generate an antibody reaction as a means to keep the body armed and ready to prevent a specific illness. The first immunization was established to prevent smallpox, and required the insertion of a strong and dangerous substance into an individual. This mode of immunization was coupled with an elevated risk of getting the disease that was being prevented i.e. Smallpox, and as a result a lot of parents rebuffed the idea of having their children ...

- The answer to this question depends on the definition of an STD. For instance, Shigella was once though to be a Gastrointestinal disease, but with modern sexual practices and the increase of oral to anal intercourse it is now becoming an STD as well. Therefore, no precise number of STDs can be stated but there are now >30 infections classified as predominantly sexually transmitted (Harrisons, 2008, p. 822) - The most common viral STD is HPV. It is said that nearly ½ of the population is infected with the virus at any given time. Both males and females can ...

Gardasil is a vaccine manufactured by Merck Inc. It was invented by Eliav Barr, Barry Buckland and Dr. Kathrin Jansen who worked on the vaccine from the Merck Research Laboratories. It was approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 2006 as suitable in the prevention of cervical cancer in women. In particular the vaccine has been proven to protect women against four types (types 6, 11, 16 and 18) of Human papillomavirus (HPV) (Kathrin, Barry & Eliav, 2012). Among girls, two types of HPV cause more than 75% of cervical, vaginal cancers and two others cause more than 90% ...

Abstract

Human papilloma virus (HPV) is among the most common virus diseases in the world. The virus is spread through direct contact of the skin. Even though there are over 100 kinds of the virus affecting different body parts, it is the kind that affects the human genitals that is most common. The infection affects people of all ages. Human Papilloma virus is also said to be the greatest cause of cervical cancer in women. Cervical cancer is the second largest killer cancer in the world. This type of cancer affects mostly women above 40 years of age. The spread ...

Sexually transmitted diseases are actually becoming more prevalent among more various demographics of people. Most, especially the young, are under the impression that they are immune or at least so far away from an infected person that this could never happen to them. Meanwhile the rate of new cases of sexually transmitted diseases is on the rise. One demographic in particular that suffers from sexually transmitted infections is women. In fact, women are three times more likely to get a positive diagnosis on Chlamydia than men. This fact and others have raised the issue of sexually transmitted diseases in ...

A New Strategy to Fight HPV: Panel Says Boys Should Be Vaccinated Too

HPV refers to one of the most widespread infections, which can be transmitted sexually and with a skin-to-skin contact. Quite often HPV develops without any symptoms and can lead to such health problems as genital warts and even cervical cancer. That is why a lot of specialists are worried about this issue and they try to find ways to stop spreading of HPV. One of the recent offers was to vaccinate boys and girls before they start their sexual life. This proposal is discussed in the article “A New Strategy to Fight HPV: Panel Says Boys Should Be Vaccinated Too.” ...

The Human Papillomavirus is known to be just one of the few illnesses one can contract while having a sexual relationship with a person. The severity of the virus in the body may vary from getting genital warts to contracting cervical, vulva, vaginal and anus cancer in women; anus and penile cancer for men. Many pharmaceutical companies have been racing one another in concocting possible countermeasures in preventing people from contracting these very dangerous diseases. I have watched the news regarding updates on cures and vaccines, especially the debates by government officials about the credibility of these vaccines and how should ...

CERVICAL CANCER

Cancer is a dreaded disease, which is characterized by abnormal and uncontrolled division of body cells. It affects people of all occupations without regard to their age, gender, race or social status. Cancer has no cure, but when detected early it can be controlled. Almost any body organs and tissues can be affected by cancer. There are many different types of cancers, based on the type of cells that are affected. Common types of cancer include lung cancer, breast cancer, cervical cancer, bone marrow cancer, karposi’s sarcoma, colon cancer, liver cancer, prostrate cancer, skin cancer amongst others (Rolland, 2007, ...