Essays on Pathology

Walmart Stores v. Cockrell (2001)

Issue: Does the shopkeeper's privilege protect Walmart from the liability under the circumstances of the case?

Rule of Law: Given the notion of the shopkeeper'e privilege, this rule allows the supermarkets to detain, stop or conduct the investigation of the shoplifters in case of any suspicion exists. In this case the supermarket does not responsible for such false imprisonment if there are reasonable grounds for the denetion of such a kind, within reasonable time, while the investigations of reasonable person is provided in reasonable manner (Cheeseman, 2014. p.88). Analysis: At first, the Court considered the elements of false imprisonment. It stated that Cockrell was detained by the officer of Walmart ...

Personal Statement: Saudi Board - Pathology

I am currently employed in the capacity of pathology demonstrator in the Faculty of Medicine at King Abdulaziz University. My chosen career in pathology commenced in 2011 following a nine-month residency in orthopedics, subsequent to my graduation with an MBBS in Medicine and Surgery in 2010.

I want to pursue Pathology as my chosen career; I believe that it is not only intellectually rewarding but that there are enormous opportunities for research and for continual learning available in that speciality, which also offers me the best possible management plan. In fulfilling my ambition to become an academic pathologist, I ...

I write to you with great privilege recommending Amy Wendel Spiczka. Amy is presently an Assistant Professor in Pathology and Laboratory medicine in the Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and also the Anatomic Pathology Manager at the Mayo Clinic in Scottsdale, Arizona. She graduated from the MSHS Cytotechnology program in 1997 and obtained further certifications in histotechnology and Cytotechnology. Positions held by her previously include; Education Supervisor, Division of Anatomic Pathology, Education Coordinator, Division of Anatomic Pathlogy both at the Mayo Clinic, Rochester. She was formerly Education Coordinator, Cytotechnology Program and Program Director, Histology Technician Program Clinical Experience at ...

- Physical exercise is very important for pregnant women, as they help them to ease the state, prepare muscles to the stress of labor and to the loads of the last trimester of pregnancy. - Conditions in which physical activity should be avoided are also listed. - It is also a good idea to include the recommended types of physical activity into daily life, while excluding certain other types. The experience of previous generations is also described in brief.

Physical Activities during Pregnancy

General routine for women during pregnancy mostly remains the same as it was before it. However, a pregnant woman doesn’ ...

The history of pathology testing is dated back to the 3rd century BC, when Greek scholars such as Herophilos and Eriasistratus began systematically examining dead bodies. At the beginning of the first century AD, several Greek, Roman and Arabian physicists made significant developments in the understanding of the pathology of tumors. In the 18th century, Giovanni Morgangi correlated the symptoms of his patients with the pathological evaluations o the autopsies. The discovery of the circulation of blood by William Harvey and the emergence of microsby is regarded as the foundation of modern pathology. The 19th and 20th centuries experienced ...

Abstract

This article contains a literature review pertaining to panoramic radiographs and their use as investigative tools in orthodontic diagnoses and treatment planning. The objective was to evaluate the clinical necessity of panoramic radiograph in orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning if it is to be applied as a pre-treatment. Five pieces of literature were selected after applying key words to internet search engines. Two pieces of literature projected procedure errors, which ought to be addressed in facilitating the process and enhancing accurate diagnoses. In the first study a sample of 1287 ...

Cancer antigen 125 (CA125), which is encoded by MUC16, is the only biomarker currently used for immunohistochemical diagnosis of ovarian cancer (Tanyi and Scholler 1098). Literature suggests that 80% of the patients with ovarian cancer express CA125. The expression pattern is different among the different kinds of ovarian cancer; 85% in serous ovarian cancer, 12% in mucinous cancer and 40% in clear cell carcinoma (Tanyi and Scholler 1098; Kaspar and Crum 44), which helps in differential diagnosis.

Differential diagnosis among various types of ovarian cancer. There are five types of primary ovarian ...

Introduction

When the concept of poverty is mentioned, most people envision the economic dimension of poverty. While this is the most common dimension, the concept of poverty transcends past its basic definitions. Poverty is a concept with a myriad of definitions. The threshold for poverty is defined differently by different institutions and varies between different economies. For instance, the World Health Organization classifies an individual as poor if he lives for less than one United States dollar per day. This is a more accommodating classification as it factors in the economic conditions in third world countries.

However this threshold cannot be used ...

Bibb, R., D. Eggbeer, and P. Evans. "Rapid Prototyping Technologies in Soft Tissue Facial Prosthetics: Current State of the Art." Rapid Prototyping Journal 16.2 (2010): 130-7.

The objective of this study is to determine the implications of prosthetics to the quality, economic status, technological and clinical aspects of digitizing maxillofacial prosthetics. This study also focuses on the rapid prototyping of prosthetics. Using multiple case studies on the capacity of digital technologies to prepare, design and produce maxillofacial prostheses, findings show that rapid prototyping illustrated the potential clinical uses of prostheses that cater to the needs of maxillofacial ...

Introduction

Hospitals are homes to different patients who require different attention. This means that there must be people who are qualified for different roles in the medical field. In this connection, hospitals are not required as a block where all patients are handled in the same room. Instead, departments should be formed where each of them operates in support of the other to ensure patients are handled and treated accordingly. This has resulted to existence of various experts for specific duties in the hospital. Among the most common departments in hospitals are Dermatology, Oncology, Gastroenterology, Pulmonary, Cardiology, Endocrinology, Obstetrics and Gynecology, ...

Health Information Systems is a discipline that connects computing and information technology and health care practices and research. Computer hardware, software and communication equipment, forming a complex network. It entails the resources, equipment and means of obtaining, storing, retrieving and analyzing information in the health sector. This involves use of programmed systems to manage health information and securely exchange it between patients, health institutions, insurers and even government agencies. This interaction will improve value, safety and effectiveness of health delivery. These health information systems will find application in multiple healthcare disciplines including nursing, public health, pharmacy, pathology and dentistry.

Increased and ...

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Abstract

Asthma and allergic reactions result in inflamed and swollen lung airways. Asthma is of two types, atopic and non-atopic. The asthma symptoms include excessive production of mucus, coughing, tightness in chest, wheezing, and difficulty in breathing. The triggers for atopic asthma are allergens and the hyper-responsiveness of IgE immunoglobulin. Genetic factors are involved in non-atopic asthma that relies on the propensity of developing asthma and hypersensitivity of airways. Epithelial cytokines, macrophage, eosinophils, and T cells collectively influence the fibroblast production resulting in muscle mutagenesis and bronchial ...

Pathophysiology

Any long-term rise in blood pressure above the upper limit of normal vibrations (hypertension) may be the cause of diseases and pathological conditions of the heart and blood vessels. It is known that the probability of developing coronary heart disease, latent or overt cardiac and renal failure, and cerebrovascular events in adults with diastolic blood pressure (BP) greater than 90 mm Hg. two times higher than in diastolic blood pressure below 80 mm Hg. Hypertension is a pathological condition of the body's adult due to prolonged elevation of systolic blood pressure above 140 mm Hg. and diastolic blood pressure above ...

Article Summary

Kuo, J. R., & Linehan, M. M. (2009). Disentangling emotion processes in borderline personality disorder: physiological and self-reported assessment of biological vulnerability, baseline intensity, and reactivity to emotionally evocative stimuli. Journal of abnormal psychology, 118(3), 531. Borderline Personality Disorder is defined as “A pervasive pattern of instability of interpersonal relationships, self-image, and affects, and marked impulsivity beginning by early adulthood and present in a variety of contexts.” The essential features of a personality disorder are “impairments in personality (self and interpersonal) functioning and the presence of pathological personality traits” (APA, 2013). In 1993, Marsha Linehan proposed a theory of Borderline ...

A physical impairment refers to a dysfunction that limits an individual’s ability to move. Physical impairments limit the academic capability of individuals. In addition, physical impairments are either acquired or congenital. Impairments are medicinally diagnosed. In contrast, disability depicts an individual’s limitation or loss of an opportunity to get involved in the usual community life on the same level with the rest because of social or physical hindrances. The definition of a physical impairment relates to the perceptions of the society regarding an individual’s potential. The unequal circumstances and classification of people guided by their physical impairment opens ...

everal factors affect judgments that are related to the development of self-image. Such perceptions may include the Dentofacial attractiveness (Alvanos, 14). These factors may include social, physical and sometimes, psychological factors. In the current world, an individual’s social interaction is based on their physical attraction. As such, the physical attraction of an individual plays a great role in ensuring one comfortable life and associates well with their peers. The three dimensional facial characteristics in females greatly differ, depending on one’s aesthetics. As such, this calls for clinical evaluation of the facial and dental aesthetics (Becker et al., 21). ...

In 2012, the USPSTF (United States Preventive Services Task Force) set up new guidelines for the nursing practitioners and other medical officers to follow in practice of cervical cancer screening. The screening helps most women in the early detection and cure of cervical cancer, which may accelerate and cause serious aggregate problems in the future. Women received the new regulations differently with most women interpreting the move to mean reduced frequency of pap smears and delayed first screening for cancer (Plescia, Richardson and Joseph, 2012). However, the implications of the recommendations mean reduced strain for women at average risk ...

Introduction

It has been documented by many researches that various forms of adversity are at the heart of many mental illnesses. Indeed, even the term mental health recasts a social problem as a psychological and medical one. And, as would be expected, people addressing multiple forms of adversity, poverty and disability and social exclusion adversity, for instance, are likely than others to seek, or be sent to mental health services. While violence is the most common experience for people with severe and long-term mental illnesses, it is far the only adversity at issue. This can be addressed through open dialogue. Open dialogue ...

{Author Name [first-name middle-name-initials last-name]} {Institution Affiliation [name of Author’s institute]} Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory disorder related to Central Nervous System; it affects brain and spinal cord. Primary MS symptoms include tingling, weakness, numbness, and hazy vision. While some other signs are linked to thinking problems, muscular stiffness, body balancing during walk and urinary problems. Multiple sclerosis is manifested morphologically by inflammation and primary demyelination of neurons. The dispersed inflammatory lesions are distinguished by immense permeation of varied cellular mediators of the immune system that includes T and B cells, macrophages and microglia. ...

Importance of Pathology Laboratories to Health Care Professionals in Diagnosis and Treatment of Patients

The history of pathological testing is dated back to 3rd century BC, when Greek scholars such as Herophilos and Eriasistratus, began systematically examining dead bodies (1). Beginning first century AD, several Greek, Roman and Arabian physicists made significant developments in the understanding of the pathology of tumors. In the eighteenth century, Giovanni Morgagni correlated the symptoms of his patients with the pathological evaluations on the autopsies (1). The discovery of the circulation of blood by William Harvey and the emergence of microscopy is regarded as the foundation of modern pathology (2). The nineteenth and twentieth century experienced an accelerated ...

Introduction

Parkinson’s disease (PD) refers to a chronic progressive neurodegenerative disorder. It is the second most predominant neurodegenerative condition after Alzheimer’s disease (Thomas & Beal, 2007). Advanced age increases the risk of disease. It is diagnosed in 1% of individuals with 65 years of age and 5% of the individuals with over 85 years (Weintraub, Comella, & Horn, 2008). However, up to 3% of the cases have been found in people below 50 years. Other risk factors include the male gender and individuals of European ancestry. PD is a chronic disorder that progresses slowly; it may take 15 years from the time ...

Abstract

Amnesia usually originates from memory loss as a result of particular situations, mostly brain illness, injury, or psychological trauma. Memory loss is frequently the most disabling attribute of numerous disorders, weakening the ordinary day by day actions of the patients and intensely distressing the people (Madan, 2011). Amnesia is based on the proximal cause of the injury such as psychogenic amnesia and organic amnesia. This paper discusses psychogenic amnesia, its causes and its types including the psychogenic fugue and psychogenic focal retrograde amnesia. Psychogenic amnesia was then differentiated from retrograde and organic type of amnesia. Psychogenic amnesia is ...

Critiquing Quantitative and Qualitative Studies

Several research techniques are available all with the aim of achieving precise data or information or data about something. Quantitative technique, sometimes referred to as true science, involves the use of mathematical and statistical methods in the analysis and drawing useful information from a specific set of data (Davies, 2009). On the other hand, qualitative is a type of technique used to study behavior and habits portrayed by humans under different environments. The critique is aimed at juxtaposing the two techniques involved in the field of research with critical analysis of the two methods.

Compare and Contrast Information

Hand hygiene especially in health care setting ...

Abstract

The purpose of this discussion is to determine the relationship between human papillomavirus type 16 and the incidence of cervical cancer in adult women. As such, prevalence and distribution of cervical cancer will be discussed, as will the current literature regarding the correlation between and potential causative effects of human papillomavirus type 16 on cervical cancer. Some of the studies examined in this discussion focus almost entirely on specific populations, but this discussion will focus on a more global, universal approach to the correlation between HPV-16 and cervical cancer. The literature reviewed in this discussion focuses primarily on discoveries and ...

History

As indicated by heading research, Alzheimer's illness is the sixth heading reason for death in the United States, and just ailment inside the main ten that can't be cured, eased off, or prevented.(Alzheimer’s Association) In the United States alone, there are in excess of five million individuals experiencing Alzheimer's, and one in eight are senior natives. Medicinal expenses of the illnesses are over $100 billion for every year, making it one of the priciest infections in the United States. (Imouye, 2013) It is the heading reason for dementia on the breakdown of the cerebrum, and reasons issues ...

One of the most common disorders involving the lymphatic and immune systems is the Castleman Disease which is now more commonly known as giant lymph node hyperplasia and angiofollicular lymph node hyperplasia. The condition is most commonly associated to immune disorders like HIV and Human Herpes Virus 8 infections (Schey, Yong, Marcus and Anderson, 2013). The disorder is problemic as the disease process involves the abnormal overgrowth of the lymph nodes (Loachim and Medeiros, 2009) and while it is not a cancer in itself, the disease shows symptoms that are similar to lymphoma which is a cancer of the lymph nodes. ...

A 49-year-old male presenting for vague abdominal discomfort, lack of appetite, and no bowel movements has a large differential diagnosis. The causes of the symptoms may be diverse and tangential fields such as nutrition and psychiatry must be considered aside from bowel pathology. The bowel pathologies that must be considered are obstructions, infections, ischemia, and perforations of the underlying anatomy. Given the history of appendix surgery, adhesions must be considered as well. Peritonitis is unlikely due to the lack of rebound and the vague localization of the pain. The most likely diagnosis is a diverticulitis. Diverticulitis is the most likely culprit ...

Abstract

This paper aims at identifying and elaborating the development and functions of the human placenta, an organ that supports growth and development of the fetus. The human placenta is a fetomaternal organ that supports the development of a growing embryo by providing nutrients and gas from the mother to the embryo. Notably, the human placenta facilitates nutrients and gas exchange between the fetus and the mother which helps in maintaining fetomaternal tolerance. The placenta can release metabolic products into fetal and maternal circulations and it also metabolizes various substances. It also protects the fetus against maternal diseases, infections, and certain xenobiotic ...

Written Case Study – Pathophysiology II

(Location of the University) 1. Describe the underlying pathology of COPD. What impacts do these pathological changes have on normal physiology? In particular, describe alveolar ventilation in a normal individual and discuss how this might be different in Mr Wenham. (20 marks) Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease or COPD is touted to be the third leading cause of death in the United States of America. In 2010, it has claimed the lives of 134,676 individuals (CDC 2013). By definition, COPD presents persistent blockage of airflow in the lungs — thus interfering normal breathing. Those afflicted with such condition generally ...

Abstract

The research paper deals with the problem of Merkel cell carcinoma, chief peculiarities, and the possibility of medical treatment. Disease signs and symptoms are highlighted in the opening and subsequent paragraphs of the paper. The pathophysiology, etiology, manifestations, possible complications, and disease treatment are the focal point of the research paper. The research is based on the opinions of the finest subject-field experts, such as professors, doctors, and scientists. Keywords: Merkel cell carcinoma, medical treatment, disease, complication, cure Merkel cell carcinoma is an aggressive skin cancer usually caused by polyomavirus. Scientists and doctors have not managed to ...

Tissue and Cellular Organization

The circle of life on the earth is very complicated, though sometimes it seems to be rather easy. People see plants, insects, various fluids, surface and soil, but they often do not think of all the complexity of the constitution of bodies that fill up the world. In other words, everything consists of cells and tissues, and in order to understand the essence of every matter it is important to investigate their structure. There are some organisms, such as bacteria, that are unicellular or they are made up of only a “single cell” (Science Daily, 2014). These one-celled organisms ...

Introduction

This is a hereditary disease that has slow brain striatum atrophy (Gil and Rego). For several years, a Huntington’s disease patient may go through unrestrained movements, mental impairment and behavioral commotions. Finally, Huntington’s disease patients get totally reliant on a caregiver. The disease is an autosomal dominant condition that affects the equally two genders.

Statistics

The statistics of the Huntington’s disease indicate that out of 100,000 individuals globally, 5 to 10 will have the condition. The disease can attack males and females of every ethnic background (World Health Organization). It is prevalent globally, but, there are geographic regions where ...

Cholera Toxin Enhances Vaccine-Induced Protection against Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Challenge in Mice

This experiment is an animal experiment made in accordance with the basic guideline the UK Animal Act 1986. Methods use was by collecting mice of 6-8wks. BCG Pasteur vaccine administered. Others vaccines are MVA85A and cholera toxin. Intradermal agents administered are the anti-IL-1A blocking antibody and the isotype IgG2a. Animals were then challenge with Biaera AeroMP aerosol nebulizer at a targeted pressure and dose. Organ harvest and stimulation for immunogenicity was then done. The lungs and spleen are the organs harvested aseptically. The organs were then processed with different steps such as mincing and digestion with DNase/collagenases. The cells collected ...

Phantom Limb Syndromes

Introduction Most people who have had amputation would have experienced a phantom limb; it is a sensation that the limb is actually present, and in some cases there is a feeling of pain. There is a lot of empirical evidence to suggest changes in cortical topography following amputation. “With the advent of non-invasive imaging techniques such as MEG (magneto encephalogram) and functional MRI, topographical reorganization can also be demonstrated in humans, so that it is now possible to track perceptual changes and changes in cortical topography, in individual patients.” A feature of the human brain is the multiplicity of specialized areas, ...

Lung cancer is a deadly disease that jeopardizes health of people globally. Diagnosis of this disease has made it difficult to be prevented or treated since no single test has been found to diagnose lung cancer accurately. Hence, series of tests have been implemented to test for this disease. The diagnosis of the disease has enabled doctors to come up with some specific and accurate preventive measures that have been put in place to reduce the incidences of this disease. The section of this paper will therefore discuss laboratory measures and diagnosis of lung cancer, useful tumors of cancer diagnosis ...

Hemoglobinopathies: Analytic Diagnostic Techniques

Hemoglobinopathies and Thalassemia’s are a kind of Genetic disorders caused mainly by a mutation or deletion of Globin genes in Hemoglobin. Hemoglobin consist of α or β Amino acid chains. An alteration in α chain production leads to α Thalassemia and alteration in β chain causes β Thalassemia. Hemoglobinopathies on the other hand may be caused due to the structural abnormalities or alteration of amino acid sequences in the Globin genes. These are mainly hereditary and constitute to around 4 to 5% of the world population. (WHO Statistics, 2012) Each year around 250,000 to 300,000 new born children have either hemoglobinopathies or thalassemia. Both ...

1.0 Effect of FVIII mutation on private and public research The government and the private sector have been extensively involved in the funding and executing research on HA in a bid to unravel the mystery of the disease and particularly to identify effective preventive and treatment of HA. One of the widely known organizations that carry out research on hemophilia is the world federation of hemophilia (WFH) that does epidemiological surveys and monitors the reporting of HA around the world with a broad aim of establishing systems and resources to provide treatment to HA patients. This organization aims at evaluating ...

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a form of dementia mostly associated with aged individuals. It is a disorder arising within the brain that paralyzes an individual activity. It affects the parts of the brain that controls the thinking process, the memory capacity and even the fluentness in language. The theories connected to Alzheimer's disease (AD) can be divided into hypothesis and the original theory application depending on discovery of cure and treatment of this disease. One of the most common theories in AD is the Nitric Oxide theory. This theory is medical related and therefore uses medical terms to explain its ...

Introduction

Anorexia nervosa is an increasingly serious eating disorder characterized by a patient’s preoccupation with weight loss, which motivates them to engage in such actions as skipping meals, engaging in extreme physical activity to lose weight and using diet pills among others. It is a psychiatric disease which is increasingly common, partly due to the way the current society glamorizes thinness, leading many young women to get anxious at the thought of gaining weight. The health condition affects virtually people of all demographic segments, but young women are arguably the main culprits as research has shown (Ruth et al. 2003, p. ...

The human immune system is a proverbial double-edge sword. On one had humans depend on the immune system, and on the other hand there are diseases as a result of its improper function. These diseases due to its disorder in its function can range from immunodeficiency states to hypersensitivity . Put in simple terms, the disorders range from doing too little to an overreaction of the system. There disorders will be considered under the following heading: immune mechanism of tissue injury, autoimmune diseases, and immunodeficiency diseases. Before we go into the details of the diseases, we would like to describe what the ...

1.0 Introduction Hemophilia A (HA) is an inherited X-linked bleeding disorder that results from a wide range of mutations in the factor VIII (FVIII) gene which leads to the absence or quantitative and/or qualitative deficiency of the said blood clotting factor ( (Jacquemin, et al., 2000; Guillet, et al., 2006; Venceslá, et al., 2008). FVIII gene is one of the most extensively investigated of all human genes and these extensive studies have led to the identification of a wide range of different types of mutations responsible for HA. Some of the mutation types identified include point mutations (resulting in missense, nonsense ...

Evolutionary Psychology

Evolutionary psychology (or EP) examines psychological traits like memory, language, and perception, from an evolutionary perspective, which is modern. This theory seeks to identify the human psychological traits that are evolved adaptations. These are the traits, which are the functional products of sexual selection or natural selection. According to the adaptationists, physiological mechanisms are related to psychological processes. They consider the physiological mechanisms of the heart, immune system, and lungs. Some of the evolutionary psychologists apply this thinking to psychology, and argue that the human mind has a similar modular structure to the human body, where different modular adaptations ...

Questions and answers

- Multiple sclerosis Multiple sclerosis involves formation of lesions in the central nervous system, destruction of myelin sheaths and inflammation. These features get to interact in a complex manner and finally lead to breaking down of the nerve tissue causing the signs and symptoms characteristic of multiple sclerosis. The white matter is the part of the nervous system mostly affected. The tissues affected include the brainstem, the optic nerve, the basal ganglia, and the spinal cord. The white matter carries signals between the grey matter and the other body parts. Lesions in the optic nerve causes vision changes, ataxia ...

Bone cancer is the malignant tumor, or in other words, an abnormal growth of the bone that destroys the normal bony tissue. An abnormal growth is termed as cancer, when cells in that part of the body start to grow out of control. - Classification Bone cancers are currently classified according to the line of differentiation of cancerous cells and their resemblance to normal cells. Cancer can begin in any type of bone tissue. The two parts of the bone are the hard tissue, termed osteoid; and the flexible tissue, termed cartilage. Accordingly, bone cancer can arise ...

This central question emanated during a case that involved Association of Molecular Pathology versus Myriad Genetics. These lawsuits, organized by American Civil Liberties Union representing several other professional organizations were opposed to human gene patents (ACLU, 2013). Patent law sounds arcane but in this case, it affects huge investments in terms of billions of dollars channelled to research. The plaintiffs wanted to invalidate human gene patents based on a number of reasons. They believed that these patents impeded valuable research. The Association for Molecular Biology argued that approximately 20 per cent of human genome is patented and due to this ...

A)Pathophysiology of crocidolite.

Pathophysiology refers to both the pathological and physiological effects of a disease or injury. Crocidolite is a type of asbestos which is blue in color which has very thin fibers hair like fibers. This makes it the most dangerous type of asbestos as these thin fibers are very easily inhaled when blown by the wind where the asbestos occurs naturally (Australia) and when people are working with it especially during mining. This type of asbestos is used mainly for insulation as it is sprayed on walls, ceilings, boilers ovens and pipes. Crocidolite falls under the category of respirable dusts. These ...

Doppler Principles in Echocardiography

What is Doppler ultrasound? Doppler ultrasound is a type of ultrasound that allows you to diagnose vessels. This method of analysis can obtain accurate information about the functioning of vascular, clinical picture, identify malfunctions (method based on analyzing the frequency changed due to the reflection of ultrasonic waves). Diagnosis is absolutely harmless to the patient - no discomfort or discomfort during the study does not test people. The survey is conducted on an outpatient basis and does not require special preparation of the patient, the use of additional equipment and contrast media.

An Invention of Doppler Effect

The Doppler effect is easy to observe ...

Disability is generally defined as a restriction or loss of functionality ability as a result of body or mind (Wiebers, Feigin & Brown, 2006, p7). In light of this definition, disability is therefore perceived as a problem. Disabled people accounts for 10-20% of the total world population, therefore, they are part of our community and are entitled to access the same public utilities as the general populace, including Healthcare facilities and services. However, specialized care is required when dealing with disabled people especially in the healthcare setting. The healthcare professionals ought to understand effectively how to work with people with disability so as ...

Merriam Webster’s Dictionary defines personality as “1: the complex of characteristics that distinguishes an individual especially in relationships with others 2a: the totality of an individual's behavioral and emotional tendencies b: the organization of the individual's distinguishing character traits, attitudes, or habits.” The study of personality has a long provenance in western medicine. Our earliest theories come from Hippocrates himself, and were based upon the four humors, that is, blood, black bile, yellow bile, and phlegm. In turn, Galen was responsible for concept of the four temperaments: sanguine, choleric, melancholic, and phlegmatic. The theories relating bodily fluids and their ...

The theory of expanding consciousness highly draws its rationale from the theory of the human unity that was crafted by Martha Rodgers. The formulation of this theory was motivated by the rising bone of contention regarding the definition of health. Different theorists were of the view that health of was the lack of diseases or any other bodily malfunction within a human being (Newman, 1994, p.21). Margret Newman sought to expand the scope of understanding regarding the concept of human health. This led to the crafting of her theory of expanding consciousness. Newman’s theory of expanding consciousness extrapolated the ...

I am extremely passionate about enabling people to overcome the challenges posed by a host of speech and language related disorders as these can have a tremendously negative impact on the quality of life that a person leads. It is for this reason that I chose to pursue a career in Speech language Pathology. Having attained my license in Texas, I worked as a Speech Language Pathology Assistant. Although the job allowed me to gain valuable experience through patient interaction, I was not permitted to conduct key tasks such as testing and identification of the diagnosis. Although I was capable of devising care plans ...

Introduction to Psychology (Final Project)

- Discuss any of your actions and/or thought processes since taking this course that demonstrate your understanding and tolerance of the behavior of other people, allowing greater acceptance of what is labeled different, deviant, abnormal, pathological, or crazy. - Identify and discuss the forces acting on you to limit or prevent your freedom of choice, both those rooted in your past (such as guilt, traumatic memories, obligations, bad contracts, unrewarding experiences, punishment, low self-esteem, or shyness), those rooted in the present (including social pressures to conform, comply, obey, and do what others reward you for; personal pressure to ...

Immunology

In biomedical science, immunology the study of the response or reaction of any organism to antigenic challenge(s) and the organism’s ability to recognize what is self and what is foreign. It fundamentally covers all the defense mechanisms of an organism, comprising chemical, biological and physical characteristics that aid the organism to fight predisposition to foreign material, organisms, etc. The most common immunology test is the allergy test for individuals who are suspected to be allergic or have allergic reactions to certain elements. The Blood tests for allergen specific IgE (RAST) is mostly used. The blood tests ...

Community Health Nurse

Hypothyroidism is a clinical syndrome in which there is either deficiency or absence of thyroid hormone in the body. This manifests as a decrease in the metabolic rate in the body, which is seen as a slowing in physical and mental activity in the body. (Orlander, 2013) Thyroid function is controlled by two other organs, the hypothalamus and the pituitary gland. A defect in function of any of these two organs can lead to hypothyroidism. Moreover, localized disease of the thyroid gland itself can also lead to hypothyroidism. Hypothyroidism is usually a primary pathology in which there is inability of the thyroid ...

Introduction

Health informatics is the use of informational science and computers for the advancement of health care. Utilizing computers, medical technology, and communications infrastructure the goal of the field is the advancement of health care and the better delivery of health care services. Many fields fall under the purview of health informatics including: medicine, dentistry, nursing, pharmacology, occupational therapies, and medical research. Health management information systems combines “people, data, processes and health information technologies to collect, process, store, and provide needed results – all in support of healthcare” (Tan, 2010, p. 71). Several enterprise level software packages exist in order ...

Abstract:

Strokes are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the developed world. Key to prevention and control of strokes is a thorough understanding of their etiology and the pathophysiologic processes that occur. A review of the literature regarding cerebrovascular disease was undertaken to more fully understand the changes that lead to strokes. The causes are manifold and there are many risk factors that may lead to pathology causing a stroke. The third leading cause of death in the United States is stroke, it is also the cause of significant neurologic disorders and morbidity. A pathological process involving the blood vessels ...

[City, State]

Question 1

Tabex is a Bulgarian drug that can be used to stop smoking. The drug is prepared from an alkaloid containing plant scientifically referred to as Cytisus laborium L. which is trivially called “Golden Rain acacia” (tabex.net, n.d). As reported on the tabex website, studies have shown that the drug has been successful in helping over 57% of tobacco users using it to stop smoking. Ideally, cystine has been used as a smoking-cessation for several years even though it was until recently that the alkaloid was subjected to clinical studies that have verified the notion that the alkaloid can indeed ...

Speech pathology

Grades only account for a part of the whole when it comes to succeeding in any field. In speech-pathology the grades reflect that one has actually grasped what they were taught in class, but they definitely cannot guarantee ones success in this field. I retook classes in post graduate school and furthermore did three years’ experience in the same field. One can therefore ask what did I gain from all that? Did the things I learned be only acquired if I had gotten a 4.0 GPA? Well I would answer with a big no. Firstly, the retaking of classes made me ...

The blood vessels of the human body are predominantly made up of endothelial cells (EC) and smooth muscle cells (SMC). The remainder of it is composed of extracellular matric (ECM), which includes collagen, elastin, and glycosaminoglycans (Robbins, 2007, pg. 340). The walls of the vessels can be separated into three layers. The innermost layer, or tunica intima is made up of a single layer of endothelial cells overlying extracellular matrix (Robbins, 2007, pg.340) The next layer, or tunica media is separated from the tunica intima by the internal elastic lamina; the tunica media is mainly composed of SMC’s and ...

A condition affecting the system of veins in legs with venous hypertension resulting in different pathologies that involve swelling, ulcerations, pain, skin changes, and edema is called chronic venous insufficiency (Eberhardt and Raffetto, 2005). It is necessary to understand normal venous function and anatomy to analyze the venous insufficiencies pathology. The peripheral venous system serves as a conduit returns blood into the heart and as a reservoir where blood is stored. Appropriate operation of the peripheral venous system is dependent on a series of muscle pumps and valves (Eberhardt and Raffetto, 2005). Blood entering the venous system of lower extremities has ...