Essays on Optic Nerve

INTRODUCTION

The 12 cranial nerves are olfactory nerve I, optic nerve II, oculomotor nerve III, trochlear nerve IV, trigeminal nerve V, abducens nerve VI, facial nerve VII, vestibulocochlear nerve VIII, glossopharyngeal nerve IX, vagus nerve X, spinal accessory nerve XI and hypoglossal nerve XII . Cranial nerves that transmit information from the brain to the eye are optic nerve, oculomotor nerve, trochlear nerve, trigeminal nerve, abducens nerve and facial nerve. The primary function of the cranial nerves in the eye is innervation of muscles in the eye, control of vision, controlling lateral and vertical movements of eyeball in the eye and ...

The Mind Map of Blindness

Mind Map Design The mind map begins with blindness which by definition is the inability to see light or to see light or anything in particular or having such little ability to see with the eyes that one has to use hearing and touch as the main means of acuity. There is another form of blindness known as legal blindness. By definition, legal blindness is a situation whereby he or she has the equivalent of 20 out of 200 and below visual acuity in the better eye even with corrective measures put in place or having the field of ...

Report

In the dream, we spend a third of life. Sleep is a regular process of recovery. Healthy and proper sleep is the key to successful day and good mood. Scientists have estimated that the duration of sleep compared to the XIX century was reduced by 20%, and today about 60% of people suffer from chronic sleep deprivation, that is they regularly sleep less than genetically prescribed 7-9 hours. And according to researchers, chronic sleep deprivation was the result of the development of civilization. Each person needs good sleep for normal functioning of the organism. Unfortunately, to present date, for various ...

Claudia medical history has pointed towards demyelination as a major pathological feature responsible for the listed signs and symptoms said to affect her and made her visit the neurologist. The major initial symptoms noted by Claudia are that of the facial numbness on the chin and lower lip. This later seen to be referred to the upper jaw and then towards the eyes. All these events which occurred over several months and after the usage of certain medication a strong link with a chronic neurological degeneration which was not taking into consideration as earlier as possible in order to address the issue before ...

Questions and answers

- Multiple sclerosis Multiple sclerosis involves formation of lesions in the central nervous system, destruction of myelin sheaths and inflammation. These features get to interact in a complex manner and finally lead to breaking down of the nerve tissue causing the signs and symptoms characteristic of multiple sclerosis. The white matter is the part of the nervous system mostly affected. The tissues affected include the brainstem, the optic nerve, the basal ganglia, and the spinal cord. The white matter carries signals between the grey matter and the other body parts. Lesions in the optic nerve causes vision changes, ataxia ...

Cognitive development occurs at childhood and is about a child being able to develop or construct a mental model of the world. - Schema: -The child has been seeing faces in the house and has built a form of representation for anything similar to a face. - Sight: -the image in the toy is reflected to the iris, then to the pupil. After going through the pupil the light is focused by the lens and then follows the visual axis to the macula. The light from the pupil forms an image on the Macula. - Recognition: - the toy on ...

Leber hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON), also known as Leber optic atrophy, is a familial neuro-ophthalmologic disorder manifest by varying degrees of loss of ganglion cells from the optic nerve, with variable severity at onset, variable rate of deterioration, variable ultimate vision outcome and variable recovery of lost vision (Kelly).

Causes

LHON is caused by any of eighteen mutations of various mitochondrial genes coding for subunits of electron transport chain complexes, primarily complex I (NADH-dehydrogenase), which are responsible for converting energy derived from food into a form usable at the cellular level. Three of these mutations, those at base pairs 11778, 3460 and ...