Essays on Addis Ababa

Kwame Nkrumah’s “Unite Now or Perish” Speech As a ‘Classic’ Text in International Relations

Introduction In his May 24, 1963, speech at the inauguration of the OAU Conference in Addis Ababa Ethiopia, doctor Kwame Nkrumah, Ghana’s first President, gave a stirring speech with a clarion call “we must unite now or perish.” In his speech, he advocated for a strong Union of Independent African States to form one block of states. Nkrumah was convinced that it was only through unity that African states which were getting themselves slowly off the colonial hook would achieve development or progress. According to him, with such a unity, the continent would be able to stand up ...

Born in 1909, Nkrumah rose through the academic as well as political and leadership rank to become the first African-born prime minister and later president of the newly independent Ghana in 1957. Nkrumah was born Francis Nwia Koffi Ngonloma on 21 September 1909 in Nkroful Gold Coast now Ghana although his exact date of birth remained a subject of debate and grew up in a typical African village while attending local elementary schools which were run by the Catholic Mission. He exhibited brilliance from a young age and often did well in academics attracting the attention of his instructors ...

LITERATURE REVIEW

Introduction Bicycling is one of the most sustainable modes of transport and plays an important role in the transport system. Cycling has a number of benefits that include improving the quality of life, reduction of traffic congestion in cities, positive health outcomes due to the exercises involved, providing a suitable form of transport for short distances and environmental conservation among many other benefits. A number of cities have adopted bicycle master plans as they try to capitalize on the cycling opportunity (Litman et al., 2005). This has meant that bicycle ways are being created and existing roads are being ...

Introduction

In the end of the World War II, in Tropical and South Africa there were only three independent states: Ethiopia, Liberia and South African Union. In central and western Africa there were French, British, Belgian and Spanish colonies. The USSR and the United States at once supported the process of decolonization in Africa, because both had no colonies on the continent, and the weakening of European countries met their interests. Thus, the national liberation movements in Africa long before the independence enlisted the support of the US and the Soviet Union that began a struggle for a new international ...

Problem Statement

Pressure ulcers have been regarded as an indicator for quality of care within the nursing context. Today it is part of the measurable aspects of patient outcomes for hospitalized patients. The adoption of the Affordable Care Act further placed measures that would help minimize the prevalence of pressure ulcers as a hospital acquired illness. This was in the knowledge that the costs of hospital acquired illnesses and pressure ulcers primarily was one of the major reasons towards the escalating costs of care even when the value for those costs could not be established. The ACA called for the increased ...

African leaders and presidents are seriously considering pulling out en masse from the being signatories to the Rome Statute that formed the International Criminal Court (ICC) based at The Hague, Netherlands. This follows their dissatisfaction with what they allege to be a bias on the part of the court against cases touching on Africans. A case in point is where the president of Kenya, Honourable Uhuru Muigai Kenyatta and his deputy, William Samoei Ruto, both of whom face serious war crimes and crimes against humanity perpetrated in Kenya’s bloodiest post-election violence of 2007/2008, have been denied immunity by virtue ...

Istitution

Introduction The purpose of this treatise is to analyze the difference between famine and food insecurity. It is apparent that they both pertain to one of the principal necessities of life: food. In order to define food insecurity it is necessary to initially define food security. Scholars and researches have defined food security as access by all individuals during all periods of time to a sufficient quantity of food for an active healthy life. In contrast food insecurity signifies inaccessibility to an adequate amount of food. A famine is usually defined as a severe shortage of food that in ...

Introduction

Refugees fled from Sudan to Egypt following widespread violence in their mother country. Following the Darfur crisis caused by both the First and the Second Civil War, Sudanese have been persecuted causing them to flee for their safety. The First and the Second Civil War happened in different times in history in Sudan. Indeed, the most significant number of refugees in Egypt is made up of Sudanese refugees. The civil war was mainly as a result of differences in tribal culture and religious division between the inhabitants of Sudan in the North and South. Nonetheless, the entry of Sudanese refugees ...