Essays on Bicuspid

Selection from an 8 year-period of pulmonary valve replacement and cross sectional follow up of a commercially available biological valve, assessed with established and a new method

What This Thesis Is About

Pulmonary valve replacement is a procedure necessary in many congenital heart defects and in-valve degeneration cases. Surgical results are excellent, but the longevity of artificial valves is very limited. Our goal was to give a retrospective overview of methods and results from the year 2000 until 2008 at Rikshospital, as well as the prospective five year follow-up of a biological valve made from bovine pericardium. Follow up included clinical examination with ECG, echocardiography, spirometry, treadmill testing, echocardiography ...

Introduction

In the chapter 3 from the book The Basic Concepts of Wellness, the thing is about how to train body and mind very good so that to reach success in any kind of sport, specifically fitness. Training fitness is doing the hard work by stimulating muscles and getting trained heart. This chapter tells about how to do it right not to get the body harmed. It is necessary to choose the boots right, to decide how to organize the day correctly, how to deal with problems that may happen during training. The book may be very useful in order ...

The human heart, which is roughly the size and shape of a man’s closed fist, contains 4 chambers and 4 valves. The 4 chambers of the heart that divide its internal cavity into four regions are the right atrium, right ventricle, left atrium and the left ventricle. The atria constitute the upper chambers and the ventricles comprise the lower chambers. The two atria have thin walls and receive venal blood. Deoxygenated blood from the systemic veins is received by the right atrium. The left atrium receives blood which is oxygenated from the pulmonary veins. The two ventricles have thicker ...

Right atrium temporarily carries deoxygenated blood from body tissues. It receives deoxygenated blood from the upper portion of the body via superior vena cava. In addition, deoxygenated blood from the lower portion of the body enters the right atrium via inferior vena cava. Upper portion of the body carries the head, neck, and other organs situated superior to the heart while lower portion carries legs and other body parts situated superior to the heart. As more blood enters the right atrium, it fills up. This makes its walls to contract causing pressure to build up. The pressure causes the ...