Essays on Esophagus

Summarize the role of each of the 12 human body systems.

Skeletal System: The role of the skeletal system is to provide a framework to give support and act as a defense for the soft tissues within the human body.

Muscular System: The role of the muscular system is to be accountable for all movement within the human body.

Cardiovascular System: The role of the cardiovascular system is to be accountable for the movement of nutrients, oxygen, hormones, and cellular waste products all over different parts of the body. Digestive System: The role of the digestive system is to transform food into energy and basic vitamins to nourish the whole human body. Endocrine System: The role of the endocrine system is to regulate the activities of all of the ...

Multiple choice questions

Multiple Choice Questions

Increased erythropoietin production Increased heart rate Increased cardiac output Enhancement in oxygen extraction The answer for this question is b. increased heart rate. A reduction in tissue oxygenation as happens in anemia stimulates increased production of erythropoietin through a complex feedback mechanism. Increased production of erythropoietin enhances erythropoiesis in anemia. Increased extraction of oxygen in anemia is a compensatory mechanism that is mediated by an increase in 2, 3-diphosphoglycerate concentrations. Increased cardiac output is the main hemodynamic compensatory mechanism in anemia that aims to increase blood flow to the body organs. An increase in heart rate ...

Introduction

Esophageal cancer is among the key health problems that is associated with numerous complications. As such, esophageal cancer is a form of cancer that typically occurs in any part of the esophagus and is among the most severe malignancies (Spechler, 2013). Essentially, this form of cancer is categorized into various types based of the cells involved whereby the most prevalent forms of esophageal cancer are Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC) as well as Adenocarcinoma (AC). Among the major risk factors that usually increase the likelihood of developing this form of cancer are smoking, having GERD (Gastro-esophageal Reflux disease), obesity and ...

(College/University/Institute)

GERD: Introduction

“Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a syndrome wherein the stomach’s contents of those in the small intestine constantly move up into the esophagus. The rearwards motion of the contents is called a “reflux.” This condition results in the person being subjected to episodes of heartburn, a stinging sensation felt under the sternum part of the chest, is the initial symptom of heartburn; this is traditionally felt after the person has a heavy meal, or lies down or lifts a heavy object immediately after eating. If a person is consistently experiencing bouts of reflux and extreme heartburn, then ...

PHYSICAL EXAM:

You will be expected to write up your response as follows: List of Differential Diagnoses [rank ordered] A. Congestive Heart Failure B. Angina C. Hypercholesterolemia D. Myocardial Infarction

E. Diabetes Mellitus

F. with Grade II diastolic heart failure.

G. Hypertriglyceridemia

H. GERD I.

J. Hypertension

Leading hypothesis : Congestive Heart Failure Active Alternative hypotheses Must not miss diagnoses [critical rule outs] Congestive Heart Failure Angina Hypertriglyceridemia Hypercholesterolemia Most common diagnoses [reasonable alternatives] GERD Hypertension Diabetes Mellitus Presumptive Diagnosis [assumption] Congestive Heart Failure

Treatment Plan

Non-pharmacologic / lifestyle interventions (provide rationale) • Modify Diet. - Advance to a low-sodium, low-cholesterol, low-fat, solid diet as tolerated R: to minimize metabolic demands ...