Programme Literature Reviews Samples For Students

Adequate physical activity has been shown to benefit older adults by reducing the risks for age-related physical degeneration including osteoporosis, arthritis, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, cancer and a higher likelihood of falling (Tiedemann et al., 2011; Ewald et al., 2009). However, a sedentary lifestyle has increasingly become the norm among older adults. Inadequate physical activity is defined as engaging in moderate-intensity exercise for a duration that is less than the recommended 2.5 hours per week or failing to do moderate exercise for 30 minutes on most days of the week (Jancey et al., 2008; Sims et al., 2010). In Australia about 49-63% of ...

Traianou and Hammersley (2008) argue that it is widely accepted that both educational policymaking and education practice should be evidence-based, or evidence-informed. According to Traianou and Hammersley (2008), this is expected to be common place amongst policymakers. Teachers are not expected to operate on ignored evidence (Traianou and Hammersley, 2008). The evidence-based practice movement’s origins lies in medicine and claims that research evidence should be given a higher priority in the decisions made by both policymakers and teachers (Traianou and Hammersley, 2008). This essay intends to compare five different articles regarding evidence-based and evidence-informed practice amongst teachers. The ...

2A. Appraising Quantitative and Qualitative Research

Quantitative Study
One source of bias during data collection is the use of self-report data (Polit & Beck 2012). Chivers et al. (2001) obtained data through the SF-36 and Beck depression inventory which required the patients to answer questionnaires. If they failed to give accurate answers, it would have affected the validity of the findings. The study design also allowed patients to receive other clinically appropriate treatments that were beyond the study protocol (Chivers et al. 2001). Additional treatments are confounding variables but their influence on the study outcomes was not estimated in the statistical analysis. This reduces confidence in ...

The concept of providing membership to the users and giving them additional benefits is very old. Many companies have tried it with great success. This concept is also being used in the airlines industry. One example of this trend is Jet Blue. The company gives “TrueBlue” points to its customers who have spent $1000 or more on flights during a year using the services of Jet Blue. The reward program allows the customers to continue accumulating the points and they can later redeem six points for one eligible dollar. They have also offered family pooling of points and the customers ...

According to Card (1850), education is the centre of all policies and it is a necessity for both developing and developed countries. Without education, people can’t keep up with the technological changes in this fat moving world, thus it is a necessity which we can’t do without. Education is also crucial in promoting development, thus it is needed by both wealthier and developing countries. In fact in United States and United Kingdom, the returns of education have been established to be very high and important for the noted recent economic growths. Actually education is the way out from poverty ...

HPV vaccination among adolescent girls in the UK

Marlow, L., 2011. HPV vaccination among ethnic minorities in the UK: knowledge,
acceptability and attitudes. British Journal of Cancer, 105:486-492.
The research involves the study on the uptake of childhood vaccination from various ethnical minorities in the UK. The research method includes qualitative and quantitative peer-reviewed journals and articles published between January 2000 to March 2010 from scholarly resources. Purposive sampling was used in order to determine the ideal proportion of the ethnic participants in the study. Ethnicity related variables were included in the study with consideration of the geographical location, country of birth, language spoken and the years ...

Overview

The English Premier League is among the most popular football leagues in Europe and across the world. Different teams in the Premier League have many fans in England and across the world. In addition to the attractive football, the other element that is characteristic of English football is the high turnover of managers. Despite the cost associated with dismissing managers before the completion of the term, teams in the English Premier League have a history of dismissing managers for various reasons despite the cost implications. For instance, Liverpool Football Club had to part with six million pounds sterling to ...

Introduction

There have been numerous studies that have been conducted into the relationship between the weight of a woman and the quantity of breastmilk produced. Evidence has shown that there is a huge variation in the quantity of breastmilk that is produced on the basis of the size of the woman. This is because the body of a woman has a relationship to the composition of breastmilk and the rate of production that comes with the components of milk secreted by the glands. This is often marked by the fact that there is a negative relationship between the size of ...

Literature Review

Tourism’s basic purpose is to visit other places, cultures, traditions and expand one’s experience of the world. That is why Murphy (2013) argued that tourism is natural renewable resource industry in which visitors visit only to admire. However, tourism is so popular that this industry is producing 5% of the world GDP currently (“United Nations Environment Programme,” 2014). Hence, with the growing amount of money in tourism, the tourism industry is becoming recklessly extravagant when it comes to exploiting resources and harming the planet. But in tourism, sustainability is important to avoid noxious effects on people, environment ...

Antarctica Tourism: Still an appropriate market for operators and tourism?

Introduction

Antarctica may not sound like the greatest vacation spot for most people but many tourists ready for a challenge head there during the South Pole’s summer season. Tourism has been increasing since the first visitors to Antarctica despite the difficulties reaching the place. The freezing temperatures are not enough to slow the dedicated traveler away either.

Tourist operators’ infrastructure has grown to meet the needs of Antarctica tourism. The infrastructure includes everything from selling parkas and equipment, to training guides and to offering trips by ships and planes coordinated with travel agencies. Several decades of increasing tourism to ...