Essays on Cathode

Introduction: All most all metals are unstable when exposed to air. This is because of the tendency of the metal to be converted into its oxidized form on reaction with air. When compared to zinc, iron has a greater tendency to form oxidized form and thus has greater susceptibility to corrosion. The ability of metals to react with air varies and this determines their relative stability. As zinc is much stable when compared to iron, it is used to galvanizing iron pipe, thus preventing contact of iron with air and water that contains dissolved air. Brass is an alloy ...

Solar energy harnessing through the use of solar panels installed in small homes presents better alternative to the hydroelectric provided through the national grid. While the use of solar panels may provide several advantages over the use of hydroelectricity, its usage presents several pitfalls to the user. It is imperative to investigate and outline the possible costs and advantages associated with the use of solar panels as a source of harnessing solar energy before installation is started. In most cases, the decisions concerning the installation of solar panels as the primary source of electricity are normally based on the ...

Radiology, without which it is impossible to imagine modern medicine, was born with the discovery of the penetrating radiation made by German physicist Roentgen. This industry has largely contributed to the development of medical diagnostics. As any other industry, its development was revolutionary and has been infuenced by modern technologies. Today, X-ray diagnostics gets a new development. Using age-old experience of traditional radiographic techniques and armed with new digital technologies, X-ray diagnostics is still a leader in diagnostic medicine. In 1894 German physicist Roentgen (1845 - 1923) launched an experimental study of electrical discharges in the glass vacuum tubes. ...

Use of AA batteries

AA batteries are sizable and portable devices. They consist of electrochemical cells that are either disposable or rechargeable. Proper use of the dry cell battery is recommended. The type and size of the battery matter when one is choosing the kind to use. The batteries are used to generate power for home appliances. For example, radios, cassette players, toys, and flashlights. The alkaline batteries also referred to as wet cell batteries contain electrolyte liquid that is used to power motorcycles, boats, motor automobiles. During compulsion chemicals electrolyte react with the heavy metals generate power. Ideally, the AA batteries have ...

In manufacturing AA dry batteries cathode, the mixture (manganese dioxide, potassium hydroxide, and carbon black- graphite) is compacted into preforms. Indentation is done to prevent leakage. While the separator is manufactured by, soaking 3A papers and then an electrolyte is inserted to conduct power. The separator is designed from pieces of papers that are put like plywood across each other. It creates a barrier between the cathode and the anode material. The anode is composed of zinc powder mixed with potassium hydroxide that makes the gel thicker. The battery produces electricity due to the seals fixed. A plastic seal ...

Material Extraction of Dry Battery AA:

A typical alkaline dry AA cell comprises a cylindrical external case, cathode, anode, and electrolyte and separators. The external casing is made from nickel-plated steel and is lined with a separator to divide the anode and cathode. The separator is made of either a porous synthetic material or layered paper. On one end, the battery canister is sealed with an epoxy or asphalt sealant underlying a steel plate and at the other end with a brass rod driven through the cylinder. The rod is welded to a metallic end cap and passed via an outer plastic seal. Inside the ...

Microbial fuel cells are devices that employ bacterial or other microbial cells to generate electricity (Singh, Pratap, Baranwal, Kumar and Chaudhary, 2010). Cells generally carry out electron transfer and oxidation-reduction reactions during normal metabolic activities. Electrons generated during these reactions can be made to flow through an external circuit to generate current. Fig 1. Depicts a typical MFC. The anodic compartment consists of microbial culture in glucose or other medium (Singh et al, 2010). Wastewater can also be used as a substrate source for microbes in a MFC intended for effluent treatment application. The microbial cells breakdown complex substrates ...

Introduction:

Transmission electron microscope (TEM) is the type of a microscope that uses a beam of electron rather than visible light to illuminate the specimen. Besides, while light microscope uses glass lens to focus light to the specimen, TEM uses electromagnetic lenses for focusing of the electron beam. TEM has a higher resolving power than the light microscope because the electron beam it uses for illumination has a much lower wavelength than visible light. During the operation of TEM, some electrons passing through the specimen get scattered and disappear from the beam. However, the unscattered electrons reach a fluorescence screen ...

Introduction

This proposal is about the physics of microwave oven. This includes the interaction of microwaves with metals and the generation of microwaves in magnetrons. The reason for choosing a microwave oven is because they are used common places like in homes and restaurants for warming food. A microwave is a wave that belongs the class of electromagnetic waves. They have frequencies ranging from 300 MHz to 300GHz and wavelengths ranging from 1 m to 1mm. (Bradshaw, Van & Swardt, 201)

Physics of the Microwave

A typical microwave oven consists of the magnetron, fan, power supply, waveguide, turntable and a base plate. The microwaves are ...