Essays on Habituation

The Name of the Class

Psychological Abnormality The concept of mental abnormalities in behavior has always been a debate among psychologists and psychiatrists. Practical application of this concept in psychology and psychiatry comes down to personal experience gained in professional work. It is the main criterion for evaluating diagnostic data of personal properties as the mentally ill and mentally healthy people. Despite the fact that the performance of various personal properties by test standards may be lower than the test norms of certain personal qualities. Psychiatrists most rely on personal experience, based on which they determine psychological diagnoses of individuals to assess their mental ...

Infant’s Causal Understanding Development

Psychology Infant’s Causal Understanding Development

Introduction

Parents tend to think that behind every baby’s gurgling is a mind that knows no awareness of its environment and that the collective movements and responses are part of meaningless gestures. However, scientists are beginning to unfold the long-standing question of whether babies can understand words and actions before they can learn to speak. This question of infant’s causal understanding and its development will be the focus of this study. The study aims to explore the origins and how an infant’s perception of causality develops. The importance of understanding causality ...

Infant’s Causal Understanding Development

Psychology Infant’s Causal Understanding Development

Introduction

Parents tend to think that behind every baby’s gurgling is a mind that knows no awareness of its environment and that the collective movements and responses are part of meaningless gestures. However, scientists are beginning to unfold the long-standing question of whether babies can understand words and actions before they can learn to speak. This question of infant’s causal understanding and its development will be the focus of this study. The study aims to explore the origins and how an infant’s perception of causality develops. The importance of understanding causality ...

Behavioral Psychology is one of the basic topics in psychology that looks into how people or animals behave the way they behave. Although, behavioral psychology is one of the foundations of psychology, teachers have observed that students find the topic a little difficult to understand. The topic tries to find an explanation why people or animals have their corresponding mental and physical reactions in response to certain stimuli. In behavioral psychology, the idea is that the behavior of people and animals can be both conditioned and results of either rewards or punishments applied to them. Further, it is also believed ...

Introduction

Relationship between drug and crime Drug abuse occurs as a result of maladaptive habits of drug use. It is manifested by recurrent and significant impact associated with repeated intake of the drugs. These problems occur repeatedly during the period of 12 months. The criteria include; harmful impacts of repeated use rather than tolerance and pattern of compulsive use. Drug abuse leads to addiction and drug dependency. The dependency raises the maladaptive pattern of substance abuse, resulting to cluster of behavioral and psychological phenomenon that develops after several drugs intakes. Drug dependency includes a strong urge to take the drug; difficulties in ...

In the court-case Dudley and Stephens vs. Regina, the defendants are charged with a boy on the high seas after being marooned for twenty days, without food and using his remains for food. The case presents a moral dilemma where the court has to determine to which extent a man can go in a bid at preserving their life. While the men presented a coherent argument, that they would have all died if they had not consumed the boy, he was weakest among them, and would have died altogether, the court found them in contravention of the law. The boy did not contribute to ...

Psychological studies have been carried out to assess the ability of an individual to percept numerical values. Evidence shows that some numbers can only be available for adult perception however there are certain numerical concepts which could be observed by infants, adults and animal species. The article “Core systems of number” by L. Feigenson et al. (2004) reviews certain neuropsychological and behavioral findings that these perception abilities are based on two core systems of number representation which we will discuss further in detail. As was put by Roger Bacon (c. 1219–1294) “The knowledge of mathematical things is ...

“The way of does nothing, yet nothing is left undone” (Philip J. Ivanhoe, 2003) is a statement that can be easily misunderstood by anyone. It could be rephrased to “do nothing, and there is nothing left undone”. The statement may create a great deal of controversies in the interpretation. The word “doing” refers to one getting engaged in a certain activity leading to a particular result. The word “nothing: means not getting involved, and hence no progress. The controversy then would be, can one do nothing, and yet everything happens? The verse is implying the Tao teaching of achieving alignment with nature. ...

Abstract

Vigilance decrement is one area that psychologists have always worked hard on in order to provide the best methods to top it. In essence, there are several negative effects of vigilance decrement. The loss of concentration when doing something over a long period of time hinders the effective performance of a given task. As such, these problems may seem to be negligible, but in the real situation they have many adverse effects. Completely stopping vigilance decrement is to some extent impossible. This is because of the human nature to lose concentration when exposed to the same task for a long time. What ...

Introduction

Of the over 6, species of anthozoans found worldwide, the northern Gulf of Mexico only has a few, Renilla mulleri is one of these. Commonly known as the “sea pansy” the Renilla mulleri is an anthozoan colony characterized by elongated white polyps that are vividly luminescent when handled in the dark. Under stimulus, these waves of luminescence move concentrically across the colony. Other characteristics include a short peduncle, which anchors to the substratum and makes distinct trails in the mud and the ability of the colony to use water to inflate itself.. It can be differentiated from the Renilla reniformis by ...

Ben Sanderson (Cage) is a screenwriter with the Hollywood, a US Movie industry. He is overly dependent on the consumption of alcohol to an extent that it has adversely affected his social and work-related functions and his family life.

Without anything left to hold onto, he leaves for Las Vegas, his new found haven for drinking and the pursuance of his own fantasies unperturbed. Lackadaisically, Sanderson drunkenly drives down a strip in Las Vegas where he almost runs into a woman one of the women who were walking along the crosswalk. The woman is known as Shue and she chastises Sanderson for almost ...

Human reactions weighed in environmental context

Human behaviour and its relationship with the environment has long since came into the scrutiny psychological studies with a numerous instances where behavioural and physiological responses are studied in different environments. However, the definition of environment itself has come to attach itself with psychological precepts giving new meanings to the term (work environment, cityscape, crowded environment, etc.). For the purposes of this essay, however, we will consider environment in its purely physiological sense with known attributes like temperature, pressure, spatial dimensions, etc. to throw light on the various factors that influence human behaviour. The video footage I have chosen for ...