Essays on Blood Doping

Cloning is done by removing the nucleus of an egg and substituted it with the nucleus from an embryonic stem cell animal .A tadpole was produced from an adult cell of a frog by Dr. Gurdon in 1962, but it was welcomed with great distrust since the adult cells cannot assume new ones. He removed the cell nucleus from a developed intestinal cell and injected it into a frog egg. This was to test if the genome could change. The egg was reprogrammed introducing nucleus and the genes were switched to a developing egg rather than duties of an intestinal cell. From the ...

Introduction

Engineering has been hand in hand with sports, however, this relationship has been overlooked by many individuals including the engineers as well as athletes themselves, however; the last two decades have shown that people are beginning to recognize the critical role played by engineering in the enhancement of the performance of sportsmen and women (Czyzewski, 2011). Athletic possess a very technical side which has a strong relationship with engineering that is analyzed can reveal a lot of aspects that can be enhanced through engineering. Engineering has made it possible to analyze athletes using computers in order to determine their skills and athleticism using ...

Biology for Nursing Practice

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INTRODUCTION

The earliest recorded use of performance-enhancing substances dates back to the era of the Olympians in Greece, specifically 776 BC (Bowers 1998). ‘Doping’—an overused term in the field of sports—originates from the Dutch word “doop”, a viscous opium juice which was once a favorite of the ancient Greeks. Nonetheless, it is a common knowledge of today that the use of performance-enhancing drugs is banned because of the unfair advantage it gives to sportsmen. Cunning as it may seem, athletes in the 1990s have found ways to improve their performance sans the use of mainstream drugs ...

History

Ergogenic aids are dated back to around 100 years ago. Warriors and athletes during the early period used food items like the lion’s heart and the deer liver to effect their speed, strength and bravery during games, battles and even hunting. Over the years Ergogenic aids have been widely used especially by amateur and professional athletes. Gaining a competitive advantage over one’s competitors is a known phenomenon in the sports world. Most athletes have been dropped out of important races due to ergogenic aids use in order to enhance their performance. Ergogenic aids are substances or treatments that ...

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[Date (February08, 2013)] Hormones mimicking chemicals in human beings BisphenolA (BPA) is an estrogen-mimicking chemical which is found in plastic bottles, heat-activated register receipts aluminium can linings and dental sealants. It was reported in 2008 that the chemical has effects on behaviour, brain and prostate gland in children, infants and foetuses when one is exposed to it (New York Times). The synthetic chemical bisphenol A, which is used in the linings of beer, soda and food cans, plus plastic water bottles, has been exposed as a hormone disrupter and linked to autism, cancer and other complications in ...

Athletes and Drugs

The author, George Orwell, once said, “Serious sport has nothing to do with fair play. It is bound up with hatred, jealousy, boastfulness, disregard of all rules and sadistic pleasure in witnessing violence. In other words, it is war minus the shooting.” (Tribune, 1945) In the world of sports, many athletes look upon victory as their only possible option, too, resorting to unethical behaviors just to be crowned champion. Lance Armstrong was born on September 18, 1971 in Plano, Texas, near Dallas. He was athletic from an early age, running and swimming at 10 years old, and competing ...