Essays on Vagus

Cranial nerves refer to the nerves that emerge from the brain directly. This is in contrast to the spinal nerves that come from spinal cord segments. There are 12 pairs of cranial nerves in human and only the both the first and the second cranial nerve pairs originate from cerebrum. All the other pairs originate from the brainstem. Other than the cranial nerve II, all the other cranial pairs belong to the peripheral nervous system (PNS). The cranial nerve ganglia come from the central nervous system (CNS) (Patestas and Gartner).

The seventh pair of cranial nerves is the ...

Introduction

The simulated experiment of the practical is about the addition of agonists and antagonists on a guinea pig ileum and observing the effect of these agonists and antagonists on the ileum. This experiment is carried out with an aim to determine the effects of different concentrations of agonists and antagonists on the ileum of a guinea pig. In this experiment the type of data that are to be collected include the traces of acetycholine in the guinea pig ileum on addition of different concentrations of matropine. The expected values of the experiment are that the contraction of the ileum to change ...

Meadowbank TAFE

HLTAP501A/B/C Analyze Health Information HLTCOM510B Provide Services to Clients with Chronic Disease or Conditions PATHOLOGY ASSIGNMENT –ASTHMA– Abstract Asthma is a chronic problem that influences lung function. Clinically asthma is identified by the variation in expiratory airflow and abnormal respiratory symptoms such as wheezing, chest congestion, cough, and shortness of breath. The aetiology of asthma is linked to a mixture of genetic and environmental factors, though; heredity or atopy also plays a role in asthma. Asthma is categorized into two types: extrinsic (allergic) and intrinsic (nonallergic). Allergic asthma is an outcome of the reaction of an antibody ...

Patient Situation and Literature Review

Patients receiving chemotherapy treatment for cancer experience a great deal of extremely unpleasant and severe side effects. These include immunosuppression, anemia, thrombocytopenia, gastrointestinal symptoms, peripheral neuropathy, alopecia and fatigue (Chemotherapy side effects, n.d.). Effectively managing these symptoms increases patient quality of life despite serious and potentially terminal illness and promotes compliance with treatment in order to optimize the benefits (Perwitasari et al., 2012). Nausea and vomiting are particularly distressing symptoms among patients and nurses working in the oncology ward must be knowledgeable regarding the range of pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic techniques which can be used for control. This paper presents the ...

The nervous system (speaker notes)

The NS is a network of neurons (specialized cells) that links different body parts to coordinate their activity. The system is divided into the Central nervous system (CNS) and the peripheral nervous system (PNS) which consist of the sensory and somatic nerves. The NS transmits messages between the body parts by electrical and chemical (neurotransmitters) signals. Generally sensory nerves transmit signals from sensory organs to the brain while motor nerves transmit signals from the brain to the muscles and the glands (effectors) (Guytona & Hall, 2006).

The CNS consists of the brain and the spinal cord. While the brain receives signals ...

Introduction

Cardiovascular physiology involves the study of the circulatory system. It addresses more specifically the physiology of the heart and blood vessels hence the name cardio and vascular. Rabbits are generally nervous and non-aggressive and sociable with each other. In this laboratory, the primary experimental variables were the heart rate and arterial blood pressure. The main goal of this laboratory was to investigate the effects of different hormones on the rabbit’s blood pressure and heart rate by means of intravenous injections, nerve stimulation and respiratory alterations. We hypothesized that the catecholamines would increase the heart rate and blood pressure ...