Economic Efficiency College Essays Samples For Students

Introduction

Urban sprawl is the expansion of cities based on low-density, single-use development models. On the other hand, compact development is based on a high-density model, where residential households are concentrated in high-rise housing developments that do not take up large areas of land to set up. There are obvious differences in the advantages and disadvantages of both models of development. As a consequence of these differences, there have been extensive discourses on which model is best suited for contemporary cities. Arguments about the merits of sprawl and compact development strategies are wide and varied. However, in recent times, they have become ...

Abstract

This paper seeks to explore the relationship between the cost of capital and voluntary disclosures. The paper outlines the benefits of voluntary disclosure to firms, investors and the general economy and how these benefits are weighed. It describes the categories of voluntary disclosures and the factors considered in disclosure decisions. The paper will explain the term disclosure friction and there after show how this factor affects cost of capital. It also investigates the association between the risk related discount and the voluntary disclosure. The two equilibriums i.e. overinvestment equilibrium and the underinvestment equilibrium and how they are brought about ...

Abstract

This paper seeks to explore the relationship between the cost of capital and voluntary disclosures. The paper outlines the benefits of voluntary disclosure to firms, investors and the general economy and how these benefits are weighed. It describes the categories of voluntary disclosures and the factors considered in disclosure decisions. The paper will explain the term disclosure friction and there after show how this factor affects cost of capital. It also investigates the association between the risk related discount and the voluntary disclosure. The two equilibriums i.e. overinvestment equilibrium and the underinvestment equilibrium and how they are brought about ...

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The penalty rate incorporates the rate of pay that is granted to the employees for the services that are being provided under difficult conditions or unusual timeframe. The penalty rate is provided when employees work during weekends, overtime, night shifts, early morning shifts or public holidays. The penalty rate has been reduced as a strategic decision to increase jobs by means of providing opportunities to the new employees rather than dividing work within the existing employees (Daly, 2014). The current paper enlightens the dynamics of the penalty rate that tend to justify the penalty rate and analyzes ...

Forum 5. Instructions: International laws and regulations must be followed in international hiring practices. Describe at least two major international laws or regulations that must be complied with prior to hiring employees in a foreign country.
Labor laws has always been one of the main ways, in which modern states have tried to promote the use and identification of those principles and rights at work, which are established in the ILO Declaration of 1998. ILO Declaration “On Fundamental Principles and Rights at Work” indicates that all ILO member States, even if they have not ratified the Convention, are recognized ...

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Introduction
Japan has the strong reputation of being among the most developed nations in the world, and it stands out as the most technologically advanced one in Asia. Its prominence in foreign affairs greatly supplements its economic power, and such has enabled it to push its popular culture across different nations. Among notable aspects of Japanese culture include anime and manga (animation and graphic novels), J-Pop (Japanese pop music), food and fashion styles. Yet, while Japan is a nation that has sealed its importance in the international community, what remains phenomenal is ...

The institutional affiliation

1. A monopoly is defined by many as the domination of one provider of a product or service on the market (Amadeo, 2016). Thus, a monopoly maintains an economy of scale when only one supplier enjoys all the market benefits.

There are a number of positive impacts of monopoly on the national economy (Amadeo, 2016):

Taxes paid by monopoly firms become the major source of the national revenue.
• Monopoly eliminates the duplication and the wastage of resources what cause serious issues in many countries.
Monopoly uses price discrimination which can strengthen the economically weaker sections of the society.
However, there are some opinions criticizing this type of market organization. They identify the following negative ...

Britton and Lindsay (2005) argue that emergency management of the future should be grounded in five areas. What are the five areas? Provide a detailed answer.
Economic Efficiency-economic efficiency is one fact that has led to the scrutiny cases in emergency management. The policies developed should be comprehensive and stable to counter any emergency issue.
Partnerships- involves bodies such as the government and other private sectors to ensure a streamlining of activities that can easily foster the development of techniques that can be necessary for emergency management cases (Britton Neil, p.44).
Governance-communities are vulnerable since a good number of ...

Goals of a well-functioning economy

A well-functioning economic system should ensure price stability. It should be able to control the rate of inflation such that the interests of both consumers and traders are met. High inflation rates negatively affect the consumer welfare while very low prices are detrimental to businesses. Besides, an economic system should ensure full employment. It must reduce unemployment rates to the levels at which all factors of production are engaged. The economy should also ensure equitable distribution of resources and production. The tax system should fair and equitable. A well-functioning economy should also enhance economic freedom (Colander 17). The economy ...

Perfect competition market structures are rarely in reality, but very important to examine in theory, since their characteristics are found with no any other market structure. For instance, perfect competition markets attain a level of efficiency which is not exhibited in less competitive markets such as monopoly, monopolistic competition, and oligopoly (Glader, 2014). A perfectly competitive market is a market structure in which there are many firms, freedom of entry and exit, homogenous products and perfect information.
Economic efficiency is defined into; productive efficiency –in which firms are required to produce at the lowest average total cost possible, and ...

ISI Company

BACKGROUND
Jim Willis is the VP (Marketing and Sales) for ISI, a US-based aerospace corporation. Jim is facing an ethical dilemma. According to Cox and Shawana (2008), Fred Ballard, Jim’s boss at ISI, has asked him not to disclose information on the changes in the launch dates of ISI’s satellite following an issue with the camera. Fred expects that the disclosure could have a huge negative impact on ISI’s current and future contract negotiations. The most important contract in question is an ongoing negotiation between HTC and ISI. The ultimate effect would be severe financial losses, ...

In a ‘perfectly competitive market’, a large number of perfectly informed consumers and firms buy and sell a standardized good without being able to influence its price. All agents are free to enter the market, and all can vote with their feet by leaving it. When these conditions are met, welfare analysis can easily demonstrate that economic surplus is maximized. This ideal situation can then be used as a benchmark to analyze various existing deviations from competitive conditions. The existence of market power is an important case in point. (Ahuja, 2010)
The perfect competition is enough but not important for efficient in ...

Microeconomics

Answer 7)
Allocative Efficiency:
This is an economic efficiency where the producers try to satisfy the maximum want of the consumers. In other words, when the society achieves optimal distribution of goods and services, taking into account the preferences of the consumer, it is said to be allocative efficient. In the economic literature, it is defined as an economic state where the price of the product equals its marginal cost as at this point the price which the consumers are willing to pay is equivalent to the marginal utility they get from the product. Below is the ...

Using Contemporary Policy Examples, Explain What the 'Three Faces of Power' Teach Us about Agenda Setting

Introduction
Public policies reflect, on the surface, governmental decision making processes. At a closer look, however, contemporary policies are the result of direct and indirect pressures upon the public or upon political decision-making factors. Steven Luke’s “three faces of power” model includes the decision-making power, the agenda setting and the preference shaping power, explaining three strategies of modeling public opinion by exerting specific aspects of power (Sundstram, 2011). Agenda setting, also named the non-decision-making power of the three faces of power model is a sinuous strategy that various groups can use for placing their problems or their issue as ...

Americans see the country in the face of numerous economic development programs and schemes that have the potential of eradicating major economic and social challenges. The United States of America claims huge impact from technological advancements that have occurred in the country recently. Technology contributes to the American dream in a number of ways in all sectors. As much as some aspects of technology contribute to cultural and social erosion in the United States of America, majority of it leads to improved systems and better working environments. This paper analyzes the contributions of technology to the dream of American people ...

Introduction

International free trade and environmental protection have appeared mutually exclusive in the modern world. This has been more the case at the turn of the decade of the 1990s with the adoption of the General Agreements on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) in the Uruguay Round and the subsequent establishment of the World Trade Organization in the year 1994. Liberalization in trade has been touted as a major force of enhancing the economic welfare of the world. At the same period, there arose the concept of sustainable development which emphasizes on the environmental protection and the issue of sustainable development gained ...

Introduction

Economics studies the rationality of human beings. They maximize on deriving the possible benefits from a resource constraint. Economics covers a vast area. The broad meaning of economics gives rise to sub branches of economics. It may either be international economics or domestic. International economics involves both international trade and finance. It explains the patterns of transactions and relations of citizens from different countries and their consequences. International trade section of international economics studies the flows of goods and services from the international suppliers and international buyers. International finance focus on the effects of the exchange rates and capital flows over ...

(A)Principles of increasing/diminishing marginal returns.
Principles of economics include returns to scale. Most firms experience increasing returns to scale when at the beginning of the business the costs in the long-run are decreasing this is so because a unit of the available resources produces more returns. On the other hand decreasing returns to scale in most cases occurs when the unit resources produce fewer returns. Organic products on the article exhibit increasing returns to scale, (Arthur, 2003). From the article companies such as wall-mart improved and became big firms this helped them to scale up, and make high ...