Essays on Analgesics

The main objective of any health care system is to provide patient care with desirable patient outcomes. Simply put, a health care system strives to promote well-being and heath status of all human beings. It is also important to note that most aspects of the healthcare focus on prevention and management of pain among patients because freedom from pain is an essential dimension of health. Additionally, pain among patients is a multidimensional phenomenon that requires a broad, integrated and a comprehensive care model (Glare et al., 2014). Many studies that have been carried out by various scholars on health ...

Analgesics and opioids have been widely used for the treatment and management of chronic pain in the healthcare sector. Opioids provide better and faster relief to patients with chronic pain compared to non-opioid analgesics. However, the long-term effects of opioids can be devastating. Cancer patients often require comprehensive treatment with respect to pain management. Opioids is considered as the gold standard for most cancer patients with chronic pain which may relate to improved quality of life and improved patient satisfaction. Opioids have a history for substance abuse and the same appears to be a risk to cancer patients. Based ...

Introduction

Migraine is a common type of headache disorder which is characterized by moderate to severe recurrent headache. Migraine headaches are generally severe and could last up to 3 days, wherein the pain affects half of the head but the pain is pulsating in nature. People with acute migraine headache may have suffer from sensitivity to light, vomiting, nausea, and sensitivity to smell and sound. In some cases, the pain may become severe and worsen after physical activity. In 1/3rd of patients with migraine, a short period of visual disturbance or aura occurs which is an indication that the pain ...

Amoxicillin: A Review of Two Articles

The purpose of this paper is two examine two studies on the topic of the efficacy of amoxicillin or amoxicillin clavulanate as treatments for otitis media. The paper will describe the two studies, point out the major differences, and concludes with speculation as to why one study recommends the broad-spectrum penicillin antibiotic whereas the other recommends a wait and see approach.

Design of the Studies

Both the Dutch study, Damoiseaux et al. (2000), and the Finnish study, Tahtinen et al. (2011), used a randomized, double blind, placebo-controlled design to test the efficacy of amoxicillin or amoxicillin clavulanate. The inclusionary criteria in the Damoiseaux ...

(Author, Department, University,

Corresponding Address and email)

Chronic pain is a condition of pain caused by an unresolved injury. Usually, a pain is considered chronic, if it persists for more than 3 months. It is not only a symptom of other problems but can be a syndrome having both physical as well as psychological dimensions. In order to evaluate the chronic back pain, detailed history of the patient has to be taken and thorough physical assessment has to be done (Buttaro, 2013).

Evaluation of a patient with back pain

Pain assessment can be done by the use of a mnemonic device, PQRST. P is related to provocative-palliative factors such as ...

{Author Name [first-name middle-name-initials last-name]} {Institution Affiliation [name of Author’s institute]}

Question 1: Pathophysiology of Mr. Jensen’s post-operative hypovolemia

Hypovolemia is a surgical condition that indicates the rapid fluid loss that may result in organ failures. The outcomes of the hypovolemia are mostly due to insufficient circulating volume or scarce perfusion. Often hypovolemia is secondary to hemorrhage the reason of which includes severe internal or external blood loss and GI, thoracic and abdominal bleeding maladies (Devitt, 2001). Hypovolemia involves significant fluid loss other than blood that can be further accompanied by refractory gastroenteritis and widespread burns. Hypovolemia may develop in post-surgical incidence, bone fracture, due to ...

Implementation plan

The problem of cancer pain amongst oncology care patients need to be given the required attention as a way of seeing to it that such individuals are able to emerge with desirable outcomes. It is important for pain alleviation programs to be put into place to make sure that such individuals are able to manage their conditions and assists them incorporate into the society. As such, it is essential that all due processes are followed to guarantee that pain alleviation amongst cancer patients is achieved. Having in place a proper implementation program will be an important step in achieving ...

Literature review

Kaasa, S. (2015). Is Cancer Pain Control Improved by a Simple WHO Pain Analgesic Ladder Approach Combined With Tumor-Directed Treatment?.Journal of Clinical Oncology, JCO647537.

Article summary

This article takes into consideration the role that the WHO analgesic ladder plays in addressing cancer pain in palliative care patients. The authors identify that cancer pain occurs in 90% of cancer patients but only half them are under proper pain management. To this effect, therefore, there is the need for applying opioids under the WHO ladder guidelines as a way of addressing cancer pain in oncology care patients.

This is a narrative qualitative research ...

The study of drugs and their interaction in human bodies is called pharmacology, and comes from pharmakon, a Greek word meaning drug or medicine and logy meaning a study of. In other words, pharmacology can also be termed as a study of either drugs or medicine, and examines their origin, their nature, their reactions in the body as well as side effects (Turley, 2003). The discussion hereunder will focus on different types of drugs that are used to relieve pain, their mechanism as well as their side effects.

Types of drugs used to relieve pain ((Turley, 2003)

Over-the-counter (OTC): These are drugs used to relieve pain, and ...

This capstone project aims at addressing the problem of pain in patients that are currently receiving post treatment care after undergoing cancer treatment. The two proposed areas which will be used in addressing this issue are the application of massage therapy in comparison to the use traditional analgesics Caraceni et al., 2012). The objective of this process will be determining the most effective method of alleviating the pain in this group of patients. As such the main elements in this intervention will be in the form of a PICOT question broken down as below. P- The population to whom ...

In most healthcare settings primarily in oncology care units, the patients being taken care of here are usually faced with a myriad of treatment and post-treatment problems which compromises their state of wellbeing. The fact that these patients are under intense cancer treatment process makes them experience a lot of pain which in most cases compromises the quality of their life (Ripamonti et al., 2012). Individuals battling this condition are usually affected by the pain which is influenced by different factors like physical, emotional or environmental. These factors have been established to affect the nervous system of the body ...

The research project that I intend to carry out is in regards to whether the use of massage therapy is a useful method of relieving pain in patients under post cancer treatment compared to the use of traditional analgesics. I entered the keywords ‘massage therapy and pain relief’ into the CINAHL database search engine from which I got 11 results (Mann, Fiander & Morgan, 2013). On entering the search terms ‘traditional analgesics and pain relief’ I received 8 outcomes from the search engine’s database. The third article location strategy was typing the words ‘massage therapy on post-treatment cancer patients’ ...

Ray WA, Chung CP, Murray KT, Hall K, Stein C. Prescription of Long-Acting Opioids and Mortality in Patients With Chronic Noncancer Pain. JAMA. 2016;315(22):2415-2423. doi:10.1001/jama.2016.7789.

Prescription of Long-Acting Opioids and Mortality in Patients With Chronic Noncancer Pain Wayne A. Ray, PhD1; Cecilia P. Chung, MD, MPH2; Katherine T. Murray, MD2,3; Kathi Hall, BS1; C. Michael Stein, MB, ChB2,3 [+] Author Affiliations JAMA. 2016;315(22):2415-2423. doi:10.1001/jama.2016.7789.

Text Size: A A A

Article Figures

Tables

Supplemental Content

References

Abstract ABSTRACT | INTRODUCTION | METHODS | RESULTS | DISCUSSION | CONCLUSIONS | ARTICLE INFORMATION | REFERENCES Importance  Long-acting opioids increase the risk of unintentional overdose deaths but also may increase ...

DOWN’S SYNDROME

Describe a patient with the condition of Down’s syndrome. Answer: Julie, an eighteen years old female patient was diagnosed with Down’s syndrome. She was dependent on her parents for basic routine tasks like washing and dressing. These issues began to pose as more problematic day by day as it was not possible for her to go out on trips with her friends. She was unable to move out of her home due to her extreme dependency on her parents (Katemeadsassociates.com, 2016).

What is Down’s syndrome?

Answer: Down’s syndrome is a medical condition that develops as a result of Trisomy of ...

Analysis of Diseases

Overview Chikungunya (CHIK) refers to a re-emerging arboviral disease transmitted by the mosquitos Aedes aegypty and Aedes albopictus (Pialoux 318). The virus belongs to the genus Alphavirus and family Togaviridae. The word chikungunya derives from Makonde language (spoken in Tanzania and northern Mozambique), where it means “to walk bent over” (Halstead 557). This name refers to the main feature of both chronic and acute phase of the disease a change in posture causes by the arthritis and arthralgia (Charrel, Lamballerie and Raoult 769).

History

The disease gained its name after the outbreak in Tanganyika, the modern Tanzania in 1952. However, ...

Sciatica and Associated Depression

References Koes, B., van Tulder, M., & Peul, W. (2007). Diagnosis and treatment of sciatica. BMJ, 334(7607), 1313-1317. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.39223.428495.be 6 pages – sciatica and depression – essay – 10 pages References Koes, B., van Tulder, M., & Peul, W. (2007). Diagnosis and treatment of sciatica. BMJ, 334(7607), 1313-1317. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.39223.428495.be 6 pages – sciatica and depression – essay – 10 pages Sciatica Pathology. Sciatica is a common ailment characterized by radiation of leg pain and disabilities related to the pain (Koes, van Tulder, & Peul, 2007). Diagnosis is based on history, physical examination, and testing; imaging is used in the event there is a suspicion surgery may ...

Health disparities refer to variations that exist in the health status of diverse groups of people. The different groups can be classified based on sex or gender, sexual orientation, age, ethnicity, race, disability, geographic area of residence and income (U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, 2016). Based on this classification, it is normally evident that some groups of people record higher rates of suffering and deaths from some diseases when compared to other groups (U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, 2016). The disparities and the effects they have on healthcare outcomes are outlined below.

Question 1

Race or ethnicity ...

Many people who suffer from cancer need surgery at some poing, but this kind of a procedure creates stress and anaesthesia may be hazardous for the natural defense systems of the body which is why anaesthesia may be related to the recurrence of cancer. However, surgery is often the only choice for people who suffer from this severe illness. Anaesthesia may be general and regional which means that it is applied locally. “Regional anaesthesia has the potential to reduce the use of certain anaesthesia and pain medications that are injected into the vein or inhaled into the lung, as ...

SOAP NOTE

Age in years: 42 Gender: Female Subjective CC (Chief Complaint): A 42 year old female presented to the Gynaecology clinic with the complaint of severe pain in abdomen with heavy menstrual bleeding (on the 3rd day of the menstrual cycle). History of Present Illness: The patient was apparently well almost 3 months back when she gradually developed extreme pain in the lower abdomen prior to and during the menstrual cycle. The cycles were normal before these three months. She never had such excruciating pain before. The pain used to commence a day or two prior to the cycles ...

Introduction

At an old age, multiple medical medicals are almost unavoidable. The wellness of the body reduces and several elements may contribute to the ill condition of the individual. The elderly need special care with proper medical interventions. Geriatrics is a specialty aiming at resolving medical issues for old people. It is significant in promoting prevention as well as treatment of diseases in older adults. The medical wellness for the elderly is affected by some factors. One of the most sensitive factors influencing the participation of older individuals in medication regimen is the irresponsiveness of the body to the drugs. ...