Essays on Abatement

Externalities take place when consumers/manufacturers activities have an unintentional or indirect impact on other consumers/manufacturers without affecting prices. According to Sankar, externalities may cause positive and negative effects (6). In other words, if the consumer or a group grants certain benefits to other economic agents, the externality is positive; if any activity is disadvantageous to other groups or individuals, then the externality is negative (7). According to Stiglitz (216), “Externalities arise whenever an individual or firm undertakes an action that has an effect on other individual or firm”. The externalities phenomenon tends to have a spillover effect in the ...

Introduction

Air pollution involves the introduction of particulates and other biological molecules in the atmosphere, resulting in the death of humans, other living things and damage to other resources such as crops. It involves the interaction of different pollutants which eventually affect the environment, health, and even the climate. These pollutants are emitted almost from all economic and social activities. The most cases of air pollutants are; Sulphur Dioxide, Nitrogen Oxides, Particulate Matter, Ozone, Ammonia, Non-methane volatile organic compounds, carbon dioxide, lead, heterocyclic, chlorinated hydrocarbons, phenol and Methane amongst others. Emission of many air pollutants has decreased across Europe as ...

Introduction

Air pollution is defined as the introduction of biological molecules, particulates, and other harmful substances into the air in sufficient quantities such that they cause damage to the health of living organisms including human beings, plants, and animals and may sometimes cause death. These pollutants may also cause harm to property resulting in corrosion of buildings and causing them to crumble or destroy the environment by introducing foul odors and reducing visibility. Two different types of air pollution exist: natural or artificial, depending on the causative factors. Air pollutants are also classified into primary and secondary sources. Primary sources ...

Introduction

Air pollution involves the introduction of particulates and other biological molecules into the atmosphere thereby resulting in the death of humans, other living things and damage to other resources like crops. It involves the interaction of different pollutants which eventually affect the environment, health and even the climate. These pollutants are emitted almost from all economic and social activities. The most cases of air pollutants are; Sulphur Dioxide, Nitrogen Oxides, Particulate Matter, Ozone, Ammonia, Non-methane volatile organic compounds, carbon dioxide, lead, heterocyclic, chlorinated hydrocarbons, phenol and Methane amongst others. Emission of many air pollutants has decreased across Europe as ...

A Proposal for the Lease of a Commercial Premise:

Following being engaged as the exclusive broker for the Explorer Club, I have searched for a suitable building to lease. The Explorer Club (EC) requires a premise to set up a small retail store (1,000 square feet) and a space in the same building for offices and an auditorium (50,000 square feet). It intends to lease for a period of ten years with two and three, five year options for renewal. Most of the promising buildings have ground leases which have been used to secure loans from a high risk lender, Fortress Financial Inc. In five to seven years, the loan will ...

For this paper, I have researched and studied the topic of Carbon Dioxide reduction. In this paper, my effort is to look at why Carbon Dioxide is harming the climate, where is it coming from and measures that are being taken to reduce it. It was around the 19th century when climatologists discovered that our atmosphere had certain gasses that produce a “greenhouse effect” and affect earth’ temperature. The greenhouse effect, simply explained, is when gasses trap the heat in our atmosphere. This is the phenomenon that keeps the earth a warm place. Without this effect, our planet would be a very ...

Abstract

Aviation is a crucial component of any nation’s economy. It provides transportation and movement of goods and people from all over world, for business, imports, exports, and tourism. However, these economic benefits must be weighed against the local and global environmental impacts of this industry. There has been a remarkable effect on the global carbon emissions, and this trend is feared to multiply as more people travel by air in the modern world. The U.S. transportation system alleges that there has been an increase of up to six-fold in the aircraft mobility for the last 35 years.

Introduction

Air and noise ...

Lead poisoning could destroy almost all parts of the body especially the brain. Lead could accumulate in the blood if there is a much exposure to the toxic substance which interferes with most of the processes of the body. The government should protect the people from toxic substance by regulating and controlling its commercial use. However, government agencies also protect the industries that include lead to their production since these companies provide them the profit. This became the dilemma in which an ethical issue arises and the victims are the American children. The article ‘Lead Poisoning: The Ignored Scandal’ ...

Outsourcing is one of the business tools that enable companies to maximize on their profits by minimizing the level of costs incurred in running a business while maintaining or improving on the quality of goods and services produced by the company. Outsourcing also involves searching for resources from different markets in a cost effective manner. In the process of outsourcing, business organization may sometimes relocate to other countries that offer similar resources at lower prices. In addition, other financial benefits such as reduced taxes and lower energy costs may be the reason as to why various companies relocate their operations to ...

Introduction.

The European emissions trading scheme (EU ETS) was launched in 2005 to curtail adverse climatic changes in the Europe. Today, the EU ETS is the largest emissions trading scheme in the world. Its foundation and motivation was based on the EU climate policy of reducing the greenhouse gas emissions emitted from human activities that pose dangerous and harmful climatic changes to the world. It currently covers 1100 factory plants and other high energy plants in all EU member states. The EU ETS was the first cap-and –trade allowances system for carbon four oxide emissions alongside other greenhouse gases at ...

Occupational risk factors for shoulder pain: a systematic review by Daniëlle A. W. M. van der Windt, Elaine Thomas, Daniel P. Pope, Andrea F de Winter, Gary J. Macfarlane, Lex M. Bouter, Alan J. Silman

Summary of the Article

The article entitled “Occupational risk factors for shoulder pain: a systematic review” written by van der Windt, Thomas, Pope, de Winter, Macfarlane, Bouter, and Silman presented results of a study with reportedly aimed to determine risk factors within the work setting that are potentially associated with shoulder pain. The authors initially presented a brief overview of the common incidence for shoulder pain in the occupational setting; where ...

In 19th December 2012, OSHA filed a petition against the SeaWorld of Florida LLC’s in a federal court in Florida in order to force it to ensure compliance with the administrative subpoenas that require SeaWorld to present three managers for an interview during the OSHA’s abatement inspections follow-up. The personnel from the SeaWorld were to answer to questions about correction or abatement of prior violation whereby the trainers exposed to drowning and struck-by hazards while they are performing with the killer whales and this was an enforcement case which started when Dawn Brancheau, SeaWorld trainer, was killed by one ...

If one rents, trash removal is calculated into one’s monthly charge. If one own, in one way or another, one pays for trash to be removed from one’s dwelling. Waste Management, the largest trash business in the United States, is a member of the Fortune 500. Trash is big business. In many areas, having a municipal job in sanitation is a stable job with good pay and benefits. It may not be glamorous, but it is an honest living for most. Since, in general, the more people that live in a domicile, the more trash is produced, many locals are ...

Introduction

Climate change and environmental pollutions are the sole reasons for adoption of the green economy in the world. This forms the basic rubric upon which the Australian case study is based. This paper adopts an analytic point of view into the Australian case by investigating the reception of the green jobs economy in the country. The paper describes what green jobs are and their role in the economy of the country. Questioning of the global and the Australian stand in as far as adopting the green jobs policy is also given a highlight. The paper also develops an insightful enquiry ...

Introduction

Our environment of late has become a scarce resource. Economics being a discipline concerned about effective utilisation and distribution of scarce resources is therefore vital when addressing environmental problems. When formulating environmental policy, economics comes into play with the aim of balancing the costs and benefits of the environmental measures. In this essay, I will discuss air pollution as an environmental problem and the economics involved in addressing it.

Air pollution and Trends in the last 20 years

According to EPA there are six major pollutants that determine air quality. They include: lead, carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen dioxide (NOx), sulphur dioxide (SOx), particulate matter, and ozone.

Figure 1: Percentage of Primary Air Pollutants

Since measures of controlling ...