Essays on Refinery

It is clear all of the contracted workers associated with the case study all completed their orientation training. At the same time, these new employees were tasked with the job of isolating the acid feed steam for the Claus unit, which they failed to do. This paper will discuss the hazards present, the steps the incident command must conduct, explain changes to plan if polymerization occurs, and explains changes to plan based on the result of the post incident critique. First of all, it is clear continuous training is essential to the refreshment of knowledge in order to avoid ...

1. The fuel industry in California cannot run without gasoline as the main energy resource. The moment when refinery and pipeline mishaps raised the wholesale prices to their maximum, the gasoline stations could not operate their business properly. Most of the experts explain this sudden price increase with the power outage of the state’s 14 refineries which produce the state’s cleaner-burning gasoline for the local stations (White & Castellanos 2). In addition, there was also a fire at Chevron Corp.’s Richmond refinery, which led to the temporary fall of one more fuel production enterprise in the state ( ...

Question #1

Hazards posed when one interacts with hazardous materials available at the refinery and related facilities, including the by-products, incident fire and release of acidic gas. Crude oil consists of petroleum hydrocarbons. When the products are discharged into the environment through leakage, spillage, or combustion; physical, chemical as well as biological activities occur. The aliphatic compounds in crude oil react with oxidizing compounds like nitric acid, oxygen or heat; they burn to generate carbon II Oxide and water. Sulfur in crude oil burns in air to produce sulfur dioxide. At about 400 – 500 ppm, exposure to sulfur oxide is considered ...

Implementing Cost Cutting in the Oil Industry

Abstract In the modern day, organizations across different industries across the globe are implementing new strategies focused towards enhancing the profitability. Cost cutting is one of the major strategies adopted by companies to enhance their profitability. In the oil and gas industry companies have been pursuing different cost cutting strategies aimed at enhancing their profitability an issue that has been of primary concern. Various strategies have been proposed towards enhancing cost cutting strategies and these include automation that facilitate a throughout system, heightened regulatory measures compliance, technical support and solutions as well as maximizing modularity and replicability. These are ...

Introduction

Crime is considered as a way of adopting ideas and techniques that break the ethical boundaries and governmental laws as well. The current paper tends to explore and elaborate the different aspects of crimes, their features, and their impact on the social order of the world. Correspondingly, the current paper tends to incorporate the studies of Beirne and Messerschmidt based on criminology to elaborate the primary features of the white-collar crime and political crime.

Discussion

It is evident in the studies of Beirne and Messerschmidt, “crime is referred to as an illegitimate and outlawedaction that can demonstrate to be hazardous ...

Abstract

The current discussion is aimed at the dissection of ethics, corporate social responsibility and sustainability of British Petroleum (BP) by taking the case of Gulf of Mexico Oil Spill in to consideration. By commencing the discussion with an overview of the externalities present in the oil industry, the pressures on oil companies are examined which is further evaluated through the application of stakeholder theory and the theory of utilitarianism. In the case of BP, it is revealed that the resort to CSR was primarily a reactive measure to correct its tainted brand image and save it from reputational risks. ...

Question 1: What drives the basic economies of the airline industry? The refining industry?

The revenue side of the airline industry is driven by the amount of passengers an airline can carry per flight. A common index is the percentage of filled seats: if it is low on a flight, that flight may be unprofitable. Fuel costs may represent 30 to 50% of total operating costs in the airline industry (Grassbaugh, 2013). For the refining industry, the cost of crude oil is the major driver (Grassbaugh, 2013). Hence, when the price of crude falls, refining margins tend to rise.

Question 2: How is Delta different from other airlines?

Mallikarjun (2015) posits there are so many competitors in the American airline industry, that ...

Cost accounting systems are meant for the purposes of measuring, recording and reporting individual product costs. The usefulness of each accounting system is ideal for unique situations and types of work.

Job order costing

This system of costing is usually founded on the main objective of computing the total cost of a specific job. It gives the total costs incurred to complete a job order not costs incurred over a period. The method is useful where the cost of each job is different from the costs of another job and has to be calculated and evaluated on its own. (Hansen & Mowen, 2000). ...

Abstract- Literature 1

Edible oil refinement is one of the major problems faced by the developing countries across the world as edible oil effluents are a major source of environmental pollution. Owing to this, it is essential to ensure that the effluents are treated prior to its disposal. The composition, characteristics and quantity of the waste water generated depends on the operating conditions and processes followed and can vary from different organizations in the same industry. An investigative method comprising of an in-depth study of unit operations, monitoring, measurement and analysis of parameters affecting environment, and performance evaluation of utilities and pollution ...

Introduction

There are several means of interpretation of the intention of the parties. Regardless the fact that there is a concept of freedom of expression belonging to the parties to agreement, sometimes the parties forget to include certain provisions and clauses. In this respect, the court is requested to consider the express and implied terms of the agreement for resolution conflict between the parties. This paper dwells on the consideration of tests developed by the case law for identification of the implied terms. At the same time, the notion of the implied terms is the controversial concept which is subject ...

Abstract

Hurricane Katrina touched ground in Louisiana in August 2005. The resulting lack of coordination in a catastrophe of this size by federal agencies led to large numbers of evaluations, reports, and recommendations for improvement. Particularly under fire was the FEMA organization tasked with management of the disaster operations. The inability to coordinate local, state, and federal resources lead to billions of dollars in waste and additional loss of life secondary to lack of food, water, and shelter. Government policies and restrictions in addition to complicated definitions of responsibility delayed relief for the stricken areas by as much as a ...

in the industrial and infrastructure sector

Abstract

In most parts of the Arab countries, the limited resources of water pose adverse constraints to both the social and economic development, while also threatening the people’s livelihood. The available surface water keeps on declining, and the ground water over-pumping that goes beyond the natural recharge rates has continued to cause great negative impact in the lowering of water table. Over-pumping of ground water also increases ground water salinity, ground water depletion, and ecological degradation (SCENR 5). The outcome prompted the Qatar government to start regulating its water resources as a measure ...