Essays on Materials Science

Inquiry

This paper provides a response to the inquiry: "How does the structure/specific property/shape of ceramic biomaterials influence their performance in hip implants?" The principal objective of coming up with the script is to analyze the existing literature on the use of ceramics as biomaterials. A lot of research is underway to optimize the use of ceramics in hip implants. The following subsections cover the literature on the effect of the shape, specific structure, and structure of ceramics as hip implants.

Introduction

Biomaterials are now an active area of research in Material Science Engineering globally. The term ‘biomaterials’ describes a wide ...

In order to allow for free movement of electrons, graphitic carbon materials have a tendency of sharing crystalline domain (Fitzer & Köchling, 1992) for increased conductivity (Walker, P. L., 1973). In the study carried out by (Novoselov, et al.; Bazaroz & Nikolaev, 1989; Liu et al., 2004; Harfanist et al., 2004; Coleman et al., 2006), the use of graphitic carbon in several applications including the next generation electronics, composite materials (Coleman et al., 2006; Chen, I.-H., Chen, C.-Y., & Wang, 2010), activated carbon fibers, fuel cells (Wang, Zhao, & Niu, 2007; Marta, et al, 2008), sensors and batteries (Besenhard, 1999; Hess, Lebraud & Levasseur, ...

Biosensors emerged as an important technology that has gained much attention in different fields of study. Biosensor is "a self-contained analytical device that combines the biological component with a physicochemical component for the detection of an analyte of biological importance." (Hasan et al. 2014). Perumal & Hashim (2013) defined it according to IUPAC recommendation of 1999, which states that a biosensor is, "an independently integrated receptor transducer device, which is capable of providing selective quantitative or semi-quantitative analytical information using a biological recognition element."The application of nanobiotechnology in the production of biosensors and various other applications is one of the most revolutionary trends ...

Mechanical Engineering is a branch in the field of science that encompasses a large field of designing and manufacturing small individual parts and devices, as well as large systems. The branch is at the heart of moving products from ideas to the marketplace. The branch of engineering involves creating products that will withstand different forces and the thermal environment to ensure they function properly. It entails the design, manufacturing, analysis and maintenance of mechanical systems using principles of materials science and physics. Mechanical engineering is not only concerned about functionality of products but also about aesthetics too. In its broad application ...

1. Introduction to the Technique Magnification and high resolution imaging are very important in materials science, especially at present when nanotechnology materials are being created. Magnification and high resolution imaging can help in the characterization, identification, and confirmation of the existence of the desired material. Magnification and high resolution imaging become problems when the size of the assessed material becomes too small; such as, they are beyond the micrometer scale. Ordinary techniques in microscopy such as light microscopy where in a traditional light microscope is used could not suffice. Fortunately, in 1931, two scientists named Ernst Ruska and Mx ...

Introduction

Orthopedics refers to the branch of surgery devoted to the diagnosis and treatment of illness, injuries malformations and deformities of the musculoskeletal system (Goriainov et al. 2014). The system includes the muscles, ligaments, tendons, joints and bones. Orthopedic engineering leverages biomaterials in the form of implants such as sutures, joint replacements, bone plates and so forth. It also deals medical devices to replace damaged and defective parts of the body (Goriainov et al. 2014,"Material, Technology and Profit” 1988). Biomaterial is termed as "Any substance (other than drug) or combination of substances, synthetic or natural in origin, which ...

Question One

It is essential to understand the four classes of materials; this is because it makes us have a clear understanding of the properties that specific materials should exhibit. This plays an important role whenever there is a need to select materials for use in applications. (Ashby, Hugh and Cebon, 2007). This is due to the fact that for every application there are specific properties required, there is always a need to select that material that has exactly the needed property. Hence, the understanding of such properties ensures that the right material is chosen for the correct application. The four classes of materials ...

reinforced with Aluminium glassy alloys

Engineering

The effects of mixing time, sintering temperature, sintering time and pressure on mechanical properties of a metal matrix composite (MMC) reinforced with Aluminium glassy alloys

Introduction

Metal Matrix Composites (MMCs) are an important class of engineering materials because they can continually be adapted to suit the needs of manufacturing and newly available technology. MMCs using aluminium as a basic ingredient can be designed to meet particular needs for high performance materials. Duralumin™ was the first aluminium alloy demonstrating the ability to result in a material with very high temperature strength after solution treatment and aging (STA). Duralumin™ or ...

Section I. Define the selected engineering field including areas of expertise in the field and types of work done.

The field I have chosen is mechanical engineering. It is interesting for me, as it represents application of the physics and materials science principles for design, analysis, maintenance and manufacturing of mechanical systems (“Mechanical Engineering” n.d.). In this branch mechanical power and heat are produced and used for production, design and operation of tools and machines. It is also known to be among the oldest engineering disciplines with particularly broad scope of interest. Mechanical engineers design and develop everything that can be classified as a machine, which is why their profession is extremely interesting and important for the development ...